<html><head></head><body dir="auto" style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Dear Nathan,<div class="">let me briefly come back to your question: I guess that the problem derives from the fact that in the early days of Historical / Comparative Linguistics the idea of putting two items in correspondence was mainly nourished by mathematics, that is by the idea of equations. Additionally, the concept of performing acts of equating (‚vergleichen‘) may have played a relevant role. Another source probably was that of kinship, a very omnipresent source domain for conceptual metaphors. This brings the concept of „Sprachwandtschaft“ into the game, verbally expressed by Bopp 1818 (at the very latest), perhaps beginning with the "Linguarum cognatio: seu De linguis in genere, & de variarum linguarum harmoniâ dissertatio“ by the theologian Thomas Hayne (1639)) - I’m not aware of an older usage of the construction (perhaps again motivated by Varro’s „cognatio verborum“). All these traditions and modes of engaging / activating by the time prominent conceptual metaphors may have resulted in multiple processes of parallel development, that is to the coinage of the hence obvious term „Wortgleichung“ aiming at identifying some kind of „Wortverwandtschaft“ and hence „Sprachverwandtschaft“. To my knowledge - an option to differentiate morphologically marked correspondences from merely lexical correspondences had bee the use of the term „wurzelverwandt“ or „stammverwandt“ (hence „Wurzelgleichung", „Stammgleichung“) reflecting the biologism of linguistics in the 19th.). </div><div class="">Best wishes,</div><div class="">Wolfgang</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">Am 08.10.2018 um 08:16 schrieb Nathan Hill <<a href="mailto:nh36@soas.ac.uk" class="">nh36@soas.ac.uk</a>>:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="">Dear Martin, D<br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Thanks for your message. I thought of Wortgleichung, but to my ear it has a slightly different ring. If I put a Sanskrit sigmatic aorist next to a Greek root aorist, formed from historically the same root, that is still Wortgleichung, isn't it? Where at least in the recent Anglophone work a word equation has to have same root, same suffix, and same desinence, barring minor analogical noise. <br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">So far the clearest earliest thing like this I have found is Watkins 1962 talking about Kuryłowicz 1958<br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div style="margin-left:40px" class="">``The formula for the correspondence has found its expression in the alleged threefold equation Skt. <i class="">avākṣam</i> = Lat. <i class="">uēxī</i> = Ch. Slav. <i class="">vĕsŭ</i> all three reflecting IE *<i class="">wēgh-s</i>-." \citep[27]{Watkins1962}<br class=""></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Of course Watkins is arguing against this comparison, since he does not think the sigmatic aorist had lengthened grade; the comparison goes back to Brugmann times. <br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">best, <br class=""></div><div class="">Nathan<br class=""></div></div></div></div></div><div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all" class=""><div class=""><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature">--<br class="">Dr Nathan W. Hill<br class="">Reader in Tibetan and Historical Linguistics<br class="">Head of the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures<br class="">SOAS, University of London<br class="">Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1H 0XG, UK<br class="">Tel: +44 (0)20 7898 4512<br class="">Room 396<br class="">--<br class="">Profile -- <a href="http://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staff46254.php" target="_blank" class="">http://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staff46254.php</a><br class="">Tibetan Studies at SOAS -- <a href="http://www.soas.ac.uk/cia/tibetanstudies/" target="_blank" class="">http://www.soas.ac.uk/cia/tibetanstudies/</a><br class="">--</div></div>
<br class=""><div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Oct 8, 2018 at 6:46 AM, Martin Joachim Kümmel <span dir="ltr" class=""><<a href="mailto:martin-joachim.kuemmel@uni-jena.de" target="_blank" class="">martin-joachim.kuemmel@uni-jena.de</a>></span> wrote:<br class=""><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Dear Nathan,<br class=""><br class="">the German term would be Wortgleichung. Unfortunately, this appears to be used in other disciplines, too. So a first search was not immediately helpful.<br class=""><br class="">Best,<br class="">Martin<div class="m_-8988333206748962033quote" style="line-height:1.5"><br class=""><br class="">-------- Originalnachricht --------<br class="">Betreff: [Histling-l] word equations<br class="">Von: Nathan Hill <u class=""></u><br class="">An: <a href="mailto:histling-l@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank" class="">histling-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br class="">Cc: <br class=""><div class=""><div class="h5"><br class=""><br type="attribution" class=""><blockquote class="m_-8988333206748962033quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="">Dear Colleagues, <br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I am trying to look into the variation notions of cognancy (partial cognate, oblique cognate, root cognate, etc.) and believe that 'word equation' is the strictest notion of cognacy. It is a term that is very common in Indo-European. I find it in effectively every work since 1990. The trouble is that Indo-Europeanists take the idea so for granted that they never say where it comes from. The earliest I have found is Szemerényi 1962, but there too he says nothing of consequence about it. Of course part of the problem is that the internet finds very old and newer works easier to find than things published between 1930 and 1960. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The other problem is I don't know how to say 'word equation' in French and German so am less able to trace the idea. Oddly, despite its importance in IE 'word equation' as a notion doesn't make much appearance in the usual general handbooks (Campbell, Crowley, etc.). <br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I would be very grateful for any tips than anyone can offer about the history of this term and any early articulations of it as an idea. <br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">thank you very much, <br class=""></div><div class="">Nathan<br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div>
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