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    <font face="Roboto">Dear Cynthia, dear all,<br>
      <br>
      I found the term used in Dutch texts from the 1850s, e.g. in a
      Dutch monograph from 1858 (Brill, W. G. 1858. Opmerkingen op het
      gebied der engelsche spraakkunst. Leiden):<br>
    </font>
    <blockquote>[<font face="Roboto">page 2, footnote 1; c</font>ontext:
      deflexion as a result of language contact] Hier wordt de oorzaak
      van de <b>deflexie </b>der taal gevonden in de ontmoeting van
      twee talen op één grondgebied. Maar de Duitsche taal, zal men
      zeggen, is sedert de negende eeuw <b>gedeflexeerd</b> zonder dat
      op den bodem van Duitschland eene ontmoeting van verschilende
      taalelementen heeft plaats gehad.<br>
    </blockquote>
    Even back then, the term was apparently used as an ordinary term
    without any definition. <br>
    <br>
    Best regards,<br>
    Steffen Höder<br>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Am 19. 3. 2021 um 12.49 schrieb Freek
      Van de Velde:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote type="cite"
cite="mid:a175ad581172447eb778f883b0a561e4@ICTS-S-EXMBX17.luna.kuleuven.be">
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        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
            lang="EN-US">Hi Cynthia,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
            lang="EN-US">Not sure if the term really originated in these
            publications, but the earliest references to this term I
            have are:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <ul style="margin-top:0cm" type="disc">
          <li class="MsoListParagraph"
            style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">Nijen
            Twilhaar, Jan. 1992. ‘Deflexie en genusverlies’.
            <i>De Nieuwe Taalgids</i> 85: 147-160.<span
              style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
          <li class="MsoListParagraph"
            style="margin-left:0cm;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2"><span
              style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US" lang="EN-US">Weerman,
              Fred & Petra de Wit. 1999. ‘The decline of the
              genitive in Dutch’.
            </span><i><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Linguistics</span></i><span
              style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"> 37(6): 1155-1192.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
        </ul>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
            lang="EN-US">As Johanna says, could be a ‘Dutch linguistics’
            thing. It also features in the work of Joop van der Horst,
            who was a member of the PhD jury of Muriel Norde, if I
            remember correctly, so there is a transmission link there as
            well.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
            lang="EN-US">Best regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
            lang="EN-US">Freek Van de Velde.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-fareast-language:EN-US"
            lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US">From:</span></b><span
                lang="EN-US"> histling-l
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:histling-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu"><histling-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu></a>
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Johanna Barddal<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> vrijdag 19 maart 2021 11:11<br>
                <b>To:</b> Nigel Vincent
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk"><nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk></a>; Cynthia Allen
                <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:cynthia.allen@anu.edu.au"><cynthia.allen@anu.edu.au></a>;
                <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:histling-l@mailman.yale.edu">histling-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Histling-l] Deflexion query<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <div id="divtagdefaultwrapper">
          <p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Dear Cindy, dear
              Nigel,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          <p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">This is a
              standard term in Dutch linguistics, which might explain
              why Muriel used it. You will find it in most if not all
              Dutch historical reference grammars.
              <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          <p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Jóhann<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          <p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
          <div id="Signature">
            <div name="divtagdefaultwrapper">
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+<br>
                      Jóhanna Barðdal, Professor<br>
                      Editor of Brill's Studies in Historical
                      Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">Founding
                      Editor of Journal of Historical Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">Department of
                      Linguistics<br>
                      Ghent University<br>
                      Blandijnberg 2<br>
                      BE-9000 Ghent<br>
                      <a href="mailto:johanna.barddal@ugent.be"
                        moz-do-not-send="true">johanna.barddal@ugent.be</a><br>
                      <br>
                      Phone +32-(0)92643800 (work)<br>
                      Phone +32-(0)478646775 (cell)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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              align="center"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">
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            <div id="divRplyFwdMsg">
              <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:black">From:</span></b><span
                  style="color:black"> histling-l <<a
                    href="mailto:histling-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">histling-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>>
                  on behalf of Nigel Vincent <<a
                    href="mailto:nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">nigel.vincent@manchester.ac.uk</a>><br>
                  <b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 19, 2021 9:27 AM<br>
                  <b>To:</b> Cynthia Allen; <a
                    href="mailto:histling-l@mailman.yale.edu"
                    moz-do-not-send="true">histling-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
                  <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Histling-l] Deflexion query</span><span
                  style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">
                  <o:p></o:p></span></p>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </div>
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              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Dear Cindy,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">I was intrigued
                    by your query and took a quick look at the indexes
                    of some volumes to hand on my shelves. I found
                    nothing in the immediately obvious places but then
                    came across multiple references (with the spelling
                    'deflection') in the index of Yakov Malkiel 'From
                    Particular to General Linguistics. Essays
                    1965-1978'. This a collection of his papers and the
                    earliest that uses the term there is from 1968. He
                    treats it as an ordinary term with no special
                    attempt to define it so I guess it was current well
                    before that time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Best<o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">Nigel<o:p></o:p></span></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
              </div>
              <div>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                </div>
                <div id="Signature">
                  <div>
                    <div>
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                        <div>
                          <div>
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                                    <div>
                                      <div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Professor
                                            Nigel Vincent, FBA MAE<br>
                                            Professor Emeritus of
                                            General & Romance
                                            Linguistics<br>
                                            The University of Manchester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">Linguistics
                                              & English Language<br>
                                              School of Arts, Languages
                                              and Cultures<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black">The
                                              University of Manchester<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <div>
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
                                        </div>
                                        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;color:black"><a
href="https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html"
                                              moz-do-not-send="true">https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/researchers/nigel-vincent(f973a991-8ece-453e-abc5-3ca198c869dc).html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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                  <hr width="98%" size="2" align="center">
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              <div id="divRplyFwdMsg">
                <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color:black">From:</span></b><span
                    style="color:black"> histling-l <<a
                      href="mailto:histling-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu"
                      moz-do-not-send="true">histling-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>>
                    on behalf of Cynthia Allen <<a
                      href="mailto:cynthia.allen@anu.edu.au"
                      moz-do-not-send="true">cynthia.allen@anu.edu.au</a>><br>
                    <b>Sent:</b> 19 March 2021 8:48 AM<br>
                    <b>To:</b> <a
                      href="mailto:histling-l@mailman.yale.edu"
                      moz-do-not-send="true">histling-l@mailman.yale.edu</a>
                    <<a href="mailto:histling-l@mailman.yale.edu"
                      moz-do-not-send="true">histling-l@mailman.yale.edu</a>><br>
                    <b>Subject:</b> [Histling-l] Deflexion query</span><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black">
                    <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <div>
                  <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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                <div>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times
                      New Roman",serif;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Greetings,</span><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times
                      New Roman",serif;color:black" lang="EN-AU">I’ve
                      been trying to nail down the earliest use of
                      ‘deflexion’/’deflection’ in reference to loss of
                      inflection/inflectional categories. It is not a
                      widely used term, but has been prominently used in
                      the early 2000s by Muriel Norde and then myself,
                      for example. The earliest reference I have found
                      is in Trask’s (2000)
                      <i>The dictionary of historical and comparative
                        linguistics. </i>I would like to find out who
                      first used this term, and would be grateful for
                      any earlier references.</span><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Dr
                      Cynthia L. Allen FAHA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Emeritus
                      Fellow, Australian National University<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Baldessin
                      Precinct Building Room W2.09<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">School
                      of Literature, Languages, and Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Building
                      110<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Australian
                      National University<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU">Acton
                      ACT  2601<o:p></o:p></span></p>
                  <p class="xmsonormal"><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;color:black" lang="EN-AU"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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      <pre class="moz-quote-pre" wrap="">_______________________________________________
histling-l mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:histling-l@mailman.yale.edu">histling-l@mailman.yale.edu</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/histling-l">https://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/histling-l</a>
</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Prof. Dr. Steffen Höder
Skandinavistische Sprachwissenschaft/Scandinavian Linguistics
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:s.hoeder@isfas.uni-kiel.de">s.hoeder@isfas.uni-kiel.de</a>
steffenhoeder.de

Leibnizstraße 8, Raum/Room 215
+49 (431) 880-4587

Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Institut für Skandinavistik, Frisistik und Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft
Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4
24098 Kiel
Deutschland

Kiel University
Institute of Scandinavian Studies, Frisian Studies and General Linguistics
Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4
24098 Kiel
Germany</pre>
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