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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Majken<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Good luck with your new museum!! As a start you may want to consider becoming a member of SPNHC (<a href="http://www.spnhc.org">www.spnhc.org</a>) (if you are not already) which will not only provide you with
a forum to discuss these issues within a group of like-minded professionals and provide you with various resources that will help but also provide you with advocacy resources going forward.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">There are a number of issues regarding converting formalin specimens across to ethanol:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="color:#1F497D">There are certain specimens that may have deteriorated substantially over time (tadpoles, larval specimens) that may have lost bone and require special treatment before any conversion is attempted.
There may be some specimens that would be best left in formalin. Testing of formalin pH should be done and corrected if they do remain in formalin. Whatever the case, I think the primary motivation for transferring specimens should be the long term preservation
of the specimens and not any other factor – although these can be important too.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="color:#1F497D">All conversions should be done gradually in steps through water and various increasing concentrations of ethanol to prevent osmotic stress on the specimens which may cause changes in size, loss of external
skin and scales etc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><![if !supportLists]><span style="color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="color:#1F497D">There are numerous resources online that will help outline this process:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/11-01.pdf">http://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/11-01.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/11-03.pdf">http://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/11-03.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://invertebrates.si.edu/USAP2/usapspec.html">http://invertebrates.si.edu/USAP2/usapspec.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.bookemon.com/book-profile/manual-for-transferring-wet-specimens-from-long-term-storage-in-formalin-into-75%25-ethanol-solution/158908">http://www.bookemon.com/book-profile/manual-for-transferring-wet-specimens-from-long-term-storage-in-formalin-into-75%25-ethanol-solution/158908</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D">and many more…<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D">Hope that helps<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph"><span style="color:#1F497D">Andy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"> A : A : A :<br>
}<(((_�>.,.,.,.}<(((_�>.,.,.,.}<)))_�><br>
V V V<br>
Andy Bentley<br>
Ichthyology Collection Manager<br>
University of Kansas<br>
Biodiversity Institute<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"> Dyche Hall<br>
1345 Jayhawk Boulevard<br>
Lawrence, KS, 66045-7561<br>
USA<br>
<br>
Tel: (785) 864-3863<br>
Fax: (785) 864-5335 <br>
Email: <a href="mailto:abentley@ku.edu">abentley@ku.edu</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="http://ichthyology.biodiversity.ku.edu/">http://ichthyology.biodiversity.ku.edu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black">SPNHC President-Elect<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="http://www.spnhc.org">http://www.spnhc.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"> : : <br>
A : A : A :<br>
}<(((_�>.,.,.,.}<(((_�>.,.,.,.}<)))_�><br>
V V V</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu [mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Majken Them T�ttrup<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, June 28, 2013 5:30 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Nhcoll-l] Dealing with arsenic and formalin in the collections<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear all<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">First question <span style="font-family:Wingdings">J</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Copenhagen collections are old and therefore a great deal of the bird- and mammal skins is treated with arsenic. Furthermore we still have smaller parts of the wet collections still stored in a formalin solution (the latter is to be
transferred to alcohol, when finding the resources).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">On one hand, we wish to keep the collections active, e.g. having scientist and students studying the collections, sending out (and receiving) loans etc. - on the other hand we wish to protect the people handling the specimens.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">How do you deal with that dilemma in your institution?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sincerely <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Majken<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">Majken Them T�ttrup<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">Collections Manager<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">Natural History Museum of Denmark<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="DA" style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">University of Denmark<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="DA" style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">Universitetsparken 15<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="DA" style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">DK-2100 Copenhagen<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="DA" style="font-family:"Adobe Arabic","serif";mso-fareast-language:DA">Denmark<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="DA"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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