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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Good point Evelyn. Mercury, Lead and Arsenic are just a few of the potentially toxic materials that have been used in taxidermy. With this in mind, when using
an XRF, do not test near the ears – lead is often used to shape ears. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">Gretchen Anderson<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">Conservator<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">Carnegie Museum of Natural History<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">5800 Baum Blvd<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">Pittsburgh, PA 15202<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">Phone (412)665-2607<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:Andersong@CarnegieMNH.org"><span style="color:blue">Andersong@CarnegieMNH.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D">http://www.carnegiemnh.org<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu [mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Evelyn.Ayre@pch.gc.ca<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, February 25, 2014 4:19 PM<br>
<b>Cc:</b> nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu; Lena Hernandez; Jane.Sirois@pch.gc.ca; nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] Arsenic testing<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">As Fran mentioned, XRF is a possibility for testing for Arsenic. I just spoke with Jane Sirois, Manager of Preservation Services (previously Senior Conservation Scientist) at CCI, and she mentioned
that if you have access to a unit, and someone who can run the XRF (some countries, like Canada, have regulations on who can operate XRF devices) it is best to also have someone who can interpret the results with you. This is important because the peaks for
Mercury, Lead and Arsenic overlap, and any Arsenic detected by the XRF may be found below the surface. This is to say, XRF results may be misleading. The advantage of XRF testing is that it is non-destructive, and safe if the operator respects health and
safety protocols inherent in using a device that produces radiation.</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""> </span><br>
<b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Evelyn Ayre</span></b><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Conservator - Intern | Restauratrice - Stagiaire</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Preservation Services | Services de préservation</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Canadian Conservation Institute | Institut canadien de conservation
</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Department of Canadian Heritage | Ministère du Patrimoine canadien
</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">1030 Innes Road | 1030 chemin Innes</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Ottawa ON Canada K1B 4S7</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="mailto:evelyn.ayre@pch.gc.ca">evelyn.ayre@pch.gc.ca</a></span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Telephone | Téléphone 1 (613) 998-3721 ext | poste 235</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Facsimile | Télécopieur 1 (613) 998-4721</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Government of Canada | Gouvernement du Canada</span><br>
<br>
<img border="0" width="16" height="16" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.gif@01CF3247.97969A10" alt="Inactive hide details for Fran Ritchie ---25/02/2014 03:48:34 PM---I meant to "reply to all" earlier when I e-mailed Lena back."><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#424282">Fran
Ritchie ---25/02/2014 03:48:34 PM---I meant to "reply to all" earlier when I e-mailed Lena back. Victoria, I've used a homemade test ki</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5F5F5F">From:
</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Fran Ritchie <<a href="mailto:franritchie@gmail.com">franritchie@gmail.com</a>></span><br>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5F5F5F">To: </span>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">"Wilke, Victoria" <<a href="mailto:vwilke@oeb.harvard.edu">vwilke@oeb.harvard.edu</a>>,
</span><br>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5F5F5F">Cc: </span>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">"<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a>" <<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a>>, Lena Hernandez <<a href="mailto:LHernandez@themosh.org">LHernandez@themosh.org</a>></span><br>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5F5F5F">Date:
</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">25/02/2014 03:48 PM</span><br>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5F5F5F">Subject:
</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Re: [Nhcoll-l] Arsenic testing</span><br>
<span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#5F5F5F">Sent by:
</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
<br>
I meant to "reply to all" earlier when I e-mailed Lena back. Victoria, I've used a homemade test kit that I assembled based off of
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">the method that Cathy Hawks adapted and that Ellen Carrlee described on her blog:
<a href="http://ellencarrlee.wordpress.com/?s=arsenic+testing">http://ellencarrlee.wordpress.com/?s=arsenic+testing</a> I've had multiple successes with it, using the swab method, but now I can't remember exactly how much residue was on the surface. I don't
think it was much. (I was able to confirm my findings with XRF, too. The sample that was negative also tested negative using XRF.)</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">The downside is that you need to make/have KOH and HCl, which is difficult if you're working for a smaller museum with limited or no lab space. The first time I ran this arsenic test I was working
for a small museum with no lab and was able to take my samples to a local university chem lab. Ellen points out that her molar solution was obtained from a local pharmacist.
</span><br>
<br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Lena, just curious how you know the specimens have arsenic and that the accumulation of material on the base isn't Borax?</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Thanks,</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Fran Ritchie</span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#666666">Andrew W. Mellon Fellow in
</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#666666">Objects Conservation
</span><br>
<span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#666666">National Museum of the American Indian</span><br>
<a href="mailto:RitchieF@si.edu"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">RitchieF@si.edu</span></a><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
On Tue, Feb 25, 2014 at 2:58 PM, Wilke, Victoria <<a href="mailto:vwilke@oeb.harvard.edu" target="_blank">vwilke@oeb.harvard.edu</a>> wrote:
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Depending on the time the mounts you are referencing were made, arsenic could have been applied as a paste, powder or soap. </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I have read (multiple times!) that re-testing is necessary due to negative results. Have you ever tested the same specimen using different methods?
I’ve never used the The Macherey-Nagel Arsenic Paper Test, but would like to hear other’s experiences.</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Victoria</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> </span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> [mailto:</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Lena Hernandez<b><br>
Sent:</b> Tuesday, February 25, 2014 2:25 PM<b><br>
To:</b> Gegick, Patricia, DCA</span> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><b><br>
Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><b><br>
Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] Arsenic testing <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I can understand the potential to miss the arsenic when swabbing, which I believe is why it is recommended to retest specimens every three years or so
if you get an initial negative result. Unfortunately, my testing issue does not seem to be so simple as that. One of the specimens I tested had quite the accumulation of arsenic below it on the base it was mounted on, but still I got a negative result.</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I appreciate all of the responses I have gotten so far, but if anyone else has thoughts please voice them!</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Lena Hernandez</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Collections Manager/Registrar</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Museum of Science and History</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">1025 Museum Circle</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Jacksonville, FL 32207</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><a href="tel:%28904%29396-6674%20x212" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">(904)396-6674 x212</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> Gegick, Patricia, DCA [</span><a href="mailto:patricia.gegick@state.nm.us" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">mailto:patricia.gegick@state.nm.us</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">]
<b><br>
Sent:</b> Tuesday, February 25, 2014 1:41 PM<b><br>
To:</b> Kirsten Nicholson; Lena Hernandez<b><br>
Cc:</b> </span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""><br>
Subject:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> RE: [Nhcoll-l] Arsenic testing</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#1F497D">Dear listees,</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#1F497D">It is my understanding that the arsenic was in a paste form applied to the inside skin of the animal. It is tiny crystals of this that can migrate to the surface when dry. If the “cotton
swabbing” method is being used, it seems that it depends on whether or not you happen to capture a crystal on your swab. I’ve always been slightly skeptical myself as far as whether my “negatives” are valid. Anyone else have this problem?</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#1F497D">Patti</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#1F497D"> </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868">Patricia J. Gegick
<br>
Bioscience Collections Specialist<br>
Department of Collections and Research <br>
New Mexico Museum of Natural History & Science <br>
1801 Mountain Road, NW <br>
Albuquerque, NM 87104-1375 <br>
Phone: </span></b><a href="tel:505.841.2867" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt">505.841.2867</span></b></a><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868"> Fax:
</span></b><a href="tel:505.841.2808" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt">505.841.2808</span></b></a><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868"> <br>
email: </span></b><a href="mailto:patricia.gegick@state.nm.us" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt">patricia.gegick@state.nm.us</span></b></a><b><u><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868"> </span></u></b>
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<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868">“Every calculation based on experience elsewhere fails in New Mexico</span><span style="color:#215868">.</span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868">”</span><span style="color:#215868"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868">Lew
Wallace, New Mexico Territorial Governor from 1878-1881.</span><span style="color:#215868"> </span><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#215868">New Mexico: The Land of Enchantment</span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#943634"> </span></b>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;color:#1F497D"> </span>
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<p style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> </span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> [</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Kirsten Nicholson<b><br>
Sent:</b> Tuesday, February 25, 2014 10:55 AM<b><br>
To:</b> Lena Hernandez<b><br>
Cc:</b> </span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""><br>
Subject:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> Re: [Nhcoll-l] Arsenic testing</span>
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<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">So we have done some fairly extensive testing in our collection and had the same results. Generally this happened where arsenic prepared specimens were in contact with "clean" specimens" and from the literature I am understand that
there can be cross contamination. So if possible, you want to quarantine your arsenic specimens away from clean specimens if possible (there are a number of ways to accomplish this).
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">I would love to hear what others have to offer, though.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Kirsten <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">On Tue, Feb 25, 2014 at 9:21 AM, Lena Hernandez <<a href="mailto:LHernandez@themosh.org" target="_blank">LHernandez@themosh.org</a>> wrote:
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<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Hi all, <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Recently I attempted testing for arsenic in the mounted specimens of our collection. My issues, that I hope some of you can help with, is that I am getting a negative result on specimens that I am sure have arsenic. Has anyone else
run into this problem? If so how did you solve it? I am following the protocol developed by NPS in their Conserve-o-Gram 2/3 and using Hach’s arsenic test kit, since the one recommended by NPS is no longer made. Any suggestions would be most welcome. Feel
free to contact me off list if you would prefer. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Lena Hernandez <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Collections Manager/Registrar <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Museum of Science and History <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">1025 Museum Circle <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">Jacksonville, FL 32207 <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><a href="tel:%28904%29396-6674%20x212" target="_blank">(904)396-6674 x212</a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><a href="mailto:lhernandez@themosh.org" target="_blank">lhernandez@themosh.org</a>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><br>
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NHCOLL-L is brought to you by the Society for the Preservation of<br>
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mission is to improve the preservation, conservation and management of<br>
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<o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p style="margin-left:.5in">-- <span style="color:#006600"><br>
Kirsten E. Nicholson, Ph.D<br>
</span><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#006600"><br>
Assoc. Prof. Biology and Curator of Natural History<br>
Dept. of Biology Museum of Cultural and Natural History<br>
217 Brooks Hall 103 Rowe Hall<br>
Central Michigan Univ. Central Michigan University <br>
Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859</span></i><i><u><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:blue"><br>
</span></u></i><a href="tel:989-774-3758" target="_blank"><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt">989-774-3758</span></i></a><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt;color:#006600">
</span></i><a href="tel:989-774-3829" target="_blank"><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt">989-774-3829</span></i></a><i><span style="font-size:7.5pt"><br>
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_______________________________________________<br>
NHCOLL-L is brought to you by the Society for the Preservation of<br>
Natural History Collections (SPNHC), an international society whose<br>
mission is to improve the preservation, conservation and management of<br>
natural history collections to ensure their continuing value to<br>
society. See <a href="http://www.spnhc.org/" target="_blank">http://www.spnhc.org</a> for membership information.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><tt><span style="font-size:10.0pt">_______________________________________________</span></tt><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New""><br>
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<br>
<tt>_______________________________________________ </tt><br>
<tt>NHCOLL-L is brought to you by the Society for the Preservation of</tt><br>
<tt>Natural History Collections (SPNHC), an international society whose</tt><br>
<tt>mission is to improve the preservation, conservation and management of</tt><br>
<tt>natural history collections to ensure their continuing value to</tt><br>
<tt>society. See <a href="http://www.spnhc.org">http://www.spnhc.org</a> for membership information.</tt></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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