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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Excellent dialogue, everyone. On the “museum values” side I heartily agree with Steve, and we owe it to the collectors, the taxidermists and to the species themselves, to make the most of these specimens. Further,
if we think about each specimen as capturing a moment in time (as was often the original inspiration behind taxidermy), then regardless of how much data is formally associated with each specimen, they still tell us something about each species. Today’s red-winged
blackbird is likely tomorrow’s passenger pigeon, unfortunately.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">James M. Bryant<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Curator of Natural History<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Museum Depart., City of Riverside<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">3580 Mission Inn Avenue<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Riverside, CA 92501<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">TEL: 951-826-5273<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">FAX: 951-369-4970<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:jbryant@riversideca.gov"><span style="color:blue">jbryant@riversideca.gov</span></a>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu [mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Anderson, Gretchen<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, June 19, 2014 7:28 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Hawks, Catharine<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Heather.Thorwald@dmns.org; nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu; jessica.cruz@uni.edu<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] taxidermy and mold/mildew<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
I agree with both Steve and Cathy's comments. Mold seems unlikely, but that should be confirmed, as should the presence of arsenic and mercury. You need to know what you are dealing with. If they are disposed of, it will be as hazardous waste and that will
be costly.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">I like Steve's comments. These specimens are still useful. They can be cleaned, groomed and still used!<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Good luck!<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Gretchen <br>
Sent from my iPhone<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
On Jun 19, 2014, at 12:42 AM, "Hawks, Catharine" <<a href="mailto:HawksC@si.edu">HawksC@si.edu</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">I would like to add to Steve's excellent comments.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">The idea that the specimens have both mold and residues of arsenicals seems unliklely. Arsenic salts are deadly to mold. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">It is possible that what is being viewed as mold may actually be salt efflorescences from any number of sources ranging from past treatments to naturally occurring
materials, fatty spue, or even darkening caused by the action of mercury choride treatments on sulfur-containing substrates (like hair and feathers) that have been exposed to light after treatment. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Verifying the presence of mold by having a qualified mycologist examine the residues should be the first step. There are indeed, uncomplicated protocols for decontamination
should mold be actually present. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Cathy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Catharine Hawks</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Conservator</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">National Museum of Natural History, MRC 106</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Research & Collections, NHB 394</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Smithsonian Institution</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">PO Box 37012</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Washington, DC 20013-7012</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Office 202.633.0835</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">SI Cell 202.701.8458</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">CH Cell 703.200.4370</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="mailto:hawksc@si.edu">hawksc@si.edu</a></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">
<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a> [<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>] on behalf of Steve Sullivan [<a href="mailto:ssullivan@naturemuseum.org">ssullivan@naturemuseum.org</a>]<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, June 18, 2014 7:13 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:Heather.Thorwald@dmns.org">Heather.Thorwald@dmns.org</a>;
<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:jessica.cruz@uni.edu">jessica.cruz@uni.edu</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] taxidermy and mold/mildew</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Treatment for mold can be better addressed by others but I have $0.02 on the use or disposal of specimens like these... A few years ago I coordinated the re-exhibition of specimens that sound just like yours.
Ours were on display for the better part of the century with few augmentations or changes. When they were removed, the specimens exhibited fading, some insect damage, and had accumulated some soot. But in many cases, the taxidermy was excellent and audiences
still responded positively to the artifact. </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">In our specialties we can often become overly perfectionist. As a taxidermist I am often reluctant to display any specimen that exhibits less than Carl-Akeley-like perfection. As a curator I want each specimen
to have ideal coloration. As a collections manager, any sign of insect damage or other agents of deterioration are anathema. However, as any craftsperson can tell you, most people will not see the imperfections that you see. In our case, the specimens
were removed but not deaccessioned and remained off display for about 10 years. With significantly less work and expense that would be necessary to create a display using new carcasses, we were able to reuse these older specimens in a new context.</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">I worked with interns and volunteers to make new bases and refurbish background material as necessary. Where fading was bad we might simply reposition the bird to make the unfaded side the show side, but in
other cases I simply airbrushed color onto the feathers in the way you might when painting a reproduction fish. In doing this, I used all of the materials a modern taxidermist might (i.e. I was not concerned with specimen “conservation” in the academic sense
of reversibility, etc.). In one case where the feet of a goose had been eaten away by dermestid, I gave him a new puddle to stand in, complete with muddy feet.</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Today we have a new multi-media exhibit that uses these old specimens, along with some new ones, that helps Museum visitors identify common birds that show up in their backyard. The exhibit does everything it
was intended to from a modern aesthetic and informational perspective. Additionally, we use the specimens to talk about the importance of historic collections and specimen preservation, institutional activities of the past, changes in taxidermy techniques,
negative impacts of buildings, cats, and windfarms on bird populations, and many other issues that are more effectively discussed through the use of these historic and not-so-perfect specimens than they could be with a new specimen. </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">To be able to show Museum visitors a specimen from the late 1800s that looks (to them) almost as good as one that was accessioned yesterday helps them have confidence in us as stewards of our collections and
as users of the natural world. </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">--Steve</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Steven M. Sullivan | Senior Curator of Urban Ecology</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">The Chicago Academy of Sciences and its Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:3.0pt;color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Museum|2430 North Cannon Drive|Chicago Illinois 60614|<a href="http://www.naturemuseum.org/" target="_blank">naturemuseum.org</a></span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Collections|4001 North Ravenswood Ave.|Chicago Illinois 60613|<a href="http://projectsquirrel.org/" target="_blank">projectsquirrel.org</a></span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">P 708-937-6253 | F 773-755-5199 |
<a href="UrlBlockedError.aspx" target="_blank">ssullivan@naturemuseum.org</a></span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:3.0pt;color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="color:#1F497D">A century of memories and lessons from the Passenger Pigeon at
<a href="http://passengerpigeon.org/" target="_blank">passengerpigeon.org</a></span></i><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span></i><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"> </span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"> <a href="mailto:nnhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu">nnhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>
[<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu">mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b><a href="mailto:Heather.Thorwald@dmns.org">Heather.Thorwald@dmns.org</a><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, June 18, 2014 2:03 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href="mailto:jessica.cruz@uni.edu">jessica.cruz@uni.edu</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Nhcoll-l] taxidermy and mold/mildew</span><span style="color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">I am posting this on behalf of a colleague from the registrars’ listserv. Please reply to her directly at the address below. -- Heather<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">From: Jessica Cruz, University of Northern Iowa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">I am in the process of cataloging and dismantling the ornithology exhibit my museum has had on display for the past 25 years. Naturally, this has yielded some unfortunate surprises. I have found a number of birds
that show signs of mold and mildew and wanted to know what people might recommend. Overall, these are not unique specimens so I doubt we will want to invest in conserving them. My initial reaction is to deaccess and dispose of them, but I wonder if there might
be some way to neutralize it. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">I should also mention that these are birds from the late 1800's/early 1900's, and they are being moved to a new display where they will probably sit for another 20-30 years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">We are assuming these have been treated with arsenic and are taking all proper precautions. I am also working with the University's hazardous materials manager to make sure the birds we have to depose of are taken
care of properly.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">Thanks!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">Jess<br clear="all">
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">Exhibit Preparator<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">University Museums, University of Northern Iowa<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"><a href="mailto:jessica.cruz@uni.edu" target="_blank">jessica.cruz@uni.edu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black">319-273-2495<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:black"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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