<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"
      http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dear Nancy,<br>
      <br>
      soda-lime glass containers of poor quality suffer from
      microcracking, starting on microscopic level, which than unite to
      larger (visible but small) fissures and end in larger cracks. The
      glass looks, like it exploded from inside the glass itself, and
      may crack from one day to the next even though nobody did touch
      the container on its shelve. This kind of glass corrosion mediated
      and accelerated if the RH fluctuates a lot, as John already
      commented.<br>
      <br>
      If I interpreted your pictures correctly, the lids are glued onto
      neck with Silicone, which adds to the problem. In the long run,
      you will have to replace the specimen jars. <br>
      <br>
      Once the jars are open, test for formaldehyde / formalin (there
      have been various suggestions using different test kits) or
      compare the density of the fluid (is it flammable, are there
      mixing anomalies if &gt; 75% alcohols is added - this has to agree
      with your internal health &amp; safety policies though). If
      depicted sharks are in formalin, I would suggested transfer in an
      alcohol ladder (20-40-60-75) into alcohol, as formalin tends to
      lower the pH (~ pH 4 or lower), which irreversibly damages dermal
      denticles and teeth (both valuable morphologic characteristic
      features in sharks).   <br>
      <br>
      All the best<br>
      Dirk<br>
      <br>
      <br>
      Am 20.03.2015 um 20:59 schrieb John E Simmons:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CAF7GCDakRK22pA4S=it76vFbmXvMrWqF21ER+9u621xt9sJe9g@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div class="gmail_default"
          style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)">Paul's
          advice is very good, but handle even the small ones (and
          indeed, all old glassware) very carefully. The degree of
          thinning of soda-lime glass depends on the amount alkali
          components that are extracted from the glass. High relative
          humidity in storage will accelerate thinning, as will repeated
          wetting and drying of the glassware; the solvent the glassware
          contains is also a factor.<br>
          <br>
        </div>
        <div class="gmail_default"
          style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)">--John<br>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="gmail_extra"><br clear="all">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_signature">
            <div dir="ltr">John E. Simmons<br>
              Museologica<br>
              128 E. Burnside Street<br>
              Bellefonte, Pennsylvania 16823-2010<br>
              <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:simmons.johne@gmail.com" target="_blank">simmons.johne@gmail.com</a><br>
              303-681-5708<br>
              <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.museologica.com&d=AwMFaQ&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=1AA3ZCfP6Cv4kq_XGWgKeXZG33CAmvlM0Mjza4ny3jc&s=VVOB18b4LWPgQwPmWZ_qNBylu20D2yUa6eSeDdCPUak&e=" target="_blank">www.museologica.com</a><br>
              and<br>
              Adjunct Curator of Collections<br>
              Earth and Mineral Science Museum &amp; Art Gallery<br>
              Penn State University<br>
              University Park, Pennsylvania<br>
              and<br>
              Instructor, Museum Studies<br>
              School of Library and Information Science<br>
              Kent State University<br>
              and<br>
              Lecturer in Art<br>
              Juniata College<br>
              Huntingdon, Pennsylvania<br>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <br>
        <div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 20, 2015 at 3:44 PM,
          Callomon,Paul <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:prc44@drexel.edu" target="_blank">prc44@drexel.edu</a>&gt;</span>
          wrote:<br>
          <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
            .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
            <div link="blue" vlink="purple" lang="EN-US">
              <div>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d">Those
                    are Whittall Tatum jars, made here in Philadelphia
                    and at least 80 years old. The bigger the size, the
                    more fragile they are; I have a ten-gallon one that
                    we handle very carefully indeed.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d">The
                    smaller ones are pretty tough, though, and I’ve used
                    the half-gallon size for years. They are made of
                    soda glass and will crizzle in time, but are thick
                    enough that it won’t weaken them significantly.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d">You
                    can cut new gaskets from neoprene sheet, but we make
                    do with archival plastic foam sheet with a thin film
                    of vacuum grease on both sides. You hand-tighten the
                    clamp until you see the seal form all round the lid,
                    then check up on them periodically.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d">Finally,
                    NEVER carry them by the clamp bow; always support
                    them underneath.</span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">Paul
                      Callomon</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black"><br>
                    <i>Collection Manager, Malacology, Invertebrate
                      Paleontology and General Invertebrates</i></span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black"></span></p>
                <div class="MsoNormal"
                  style="text-align:center;background:white"
                  align="center">
                  <span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">
                    <hr align="center" size="2" width="100%">
                  </span></div>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">Academy
                      of Natural Sciences of Drexel University,
                      Philadelphia</span></b><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black"></span></b></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">1900
                    Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia PA
                    19103-1195, USA</span><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black"><br>
                    <i><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:callomon@ansp.org" target="_blank">callomon@ansp.org</a>
                      Tel <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="tel:215-405-5096" value="+12154055096" target="_blank">215-405-5096</a> - Fax <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="tel:215-299-1170" value="+12152991170" target="_blank">215-299-1170</a></i></span><span
style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black"></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1f497d"> </span></p>
                <div>
                  <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #b5c4df
                    1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">
                        <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>
                        [mailto:<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>]
                        <b>On Behalf Of </b>Nancy Glover McCartney<br>
                        <b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 20, 2015 2:55 PM<br>
                        <b>To:</b> <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
                        <b>Subject:</b> [Nhcoll-l] old glass containers</span></p>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <div class="h5">
                    <p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
                    <div>
                      <div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">I
                              have several old glass containers housing
                              fish, herps, inverts, etc. that are
                              getting very low on fluid. I expect the
                              containers are pretty brittle, as a gar
                              with a giant lobster broke with almost no
                              provocation and spewed formalin all over:
                              not a process I want to repeat.  I don't
                              have any idea what these specimens are
                              stored in.</span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">I
                              have attached a few pix of fish and the
                              screw down tops that appear to have
                              parafilm  or an ancient rubber around the
                              lid; some of the smaller containers have
                              what may be beeswax holding in a stopper.</span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">Should
                              I attempt to open and replace fluid?  If
                              so, how? What precautions?
                            </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">An
                              earlier query 10 years or so ago said just
                              to leave them alone, but maybe there is
                              different advice now.</span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">I'd
                              appreciate some doable suggestion.</span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">My
                              thanks in advance, as always.</span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black"> </span></p>
                        </div>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                              style="font-size:10.0pt;color:black">Nancy
                              Glover McCartney, PhD<br>
                              Curator of Zoology<br>
                              UA Collections Facility<br>
                              120 BIOMASS<br>
                              University of Arkansas<br>
                              2435 Hatch<br>
                              Fayetteville AR 72701<br>
                              <br>
                              Phone: <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="tel:479-575-4370" value="+14795754370" target="_blank">479-575-4370</a><br>
                              Fax: <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="tel:479-575-7464" value="+14795757464" target="_blank">479-575-7464</a><br>
                              <br>
                              <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__museum.uark.edu_index.php&d=AwMFAw&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=x9k-TlzFJTAsCvPqLBttnPE62-CZDhXIe_QpULlzVAY&s=rMQz_Pq_fBnJQlAvHjK9usJ_CkBwU0Svrpt8DG40zRo&e=" target="_blank">http://museum.uark.edu/index.php</a></span></p>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
            <br>
            _______________________________________________<br>
            Nhcoll-l mailing list<br>
            <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
            <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/nhcoll-l" target="_blank">http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/nhcoll-l</a><br>
            <br>
            _______________________________________________<br>
            NHCOLL-L is brought to you by the Society for the
            Preservation of<br>
            Natural History Collections (SPNHC), an international
            society whose<br>
            mission is to improve the preservation, conservation and
            management of<br>
            natural history collections to ensure their continuing value
            to<br>
            society. See <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.spnhc.org&d=AwMFaQ&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=1AA3ZCfP6Cv4kq_XGWgKeXZG33CAmvlM0Mjza4ny3jc&s=ULjLEDP3zX2b0q_cA2CQkP7DXSS8Nh153DRFap8qMeA&e=" target="_blank">http://www.spnhc.org</a> for membership
            information.<br>
            <br>
          </blockquote>
        </div>
        <br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <br>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
Nhcoll-l mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/nhcoll-l">http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/nhcoll-l</a>

_______________________________________________ 
NHCOLL-L is brought to you by the Society for the Preservation of
Natural History Collections (SPNHC), an international society whose
mission is to improve the preservation, conservation and management of
natural history collections to ensure their continuing value to
society. See <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.spnhc.org&d=AwMD-g&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=UaO-ilK8GVkKcZks31T1ApAPW2a5BWsIKLo5LapxpCs&s=EoMHvWQ3olCHxk2xObXoNMSwAj69LqK0trvZysbRi4s&e=">http://www.spnhc.org</a> for membership information.
</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Dirk Neumann

Tel: 089 / 8107-111
Fax: 089 / 8107-300
email: Dirk.Neumann(a)zsm.mwn.de

Postanschrift:

Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns
Zoologische Staatssammlung München
Dirk Neumann, Sektion Ichthyologie / DNA-Labor
Münchhausenstr. 21
81247 München

Besuchen Sie unsere Sammlung:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.zsm.mwn.de_ich_&d=AwMD-g&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=UaO-ilK8GVkKcZks31T1ApAPW2a5BWsIKLo5LapxpCs&s=swoihLaK4Yp0Cbwmpj2wDg8EPmgvBC2R6dmlgIxxAhw&e=">http://www.zsm.mwn.de/ich/</a>

---------

Dirk Neumann

Tel: +49-89-8107-111
Fax: +49-89-8107-300
email: Dirk.Neumann(a)zsm.mwn.de

postal address:

Bavarian Natural History Collections
The Bavarian State Collection of Zoology
Dirk Neumann, Section Ichthyology / DNA-Lab
Muenchhausenstr. 21
81247 Munich (Germany)

Visit our section at:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.zsm.mwn.de_ich_&d=AwMD-g&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=UaO-ilK8GVkKcZks31T1ApAPW2a5BWsIKLo5LapxpCs&s=swoihLaK4Yp0Cbwmpj2wDg8EPmgvBC2R6dmlgIxxAhw&e=">http://www.zsm.mwn.de/ich/</a>



</pre>
  </body>
</html>