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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi Maria, <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The recommended temperature for kill temperature is -20 C, which translates to about -5 F. I generally aim -20 C (-5F), and try to keep the specimens in for at 2 weeks. In the CCI article on pests Tom Strang research suggests that one
week at -30C should be sufficient. Your freezer should not be a self-defrosting unit (the self-defrost cycle raises the temperature which will make the treatment less effective). Finally If your freezer ranges from 0 to -5F this might build up resistance to
cold in the insects. <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__canada.pch.gc.ca_eng_1444922929038-23pest-2Dparasites5&d=CwMFAw&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=be_TNnIizOIQzlZclC5XqQUehFYukmJd_Y_C5ms-Rxw&s=4bNSh_3revBNV5JtdWJEFjwTIhs0FcEv9xwaReoAZn4&e=">
http://canada.pch.gc.ca/eng/1444922929038#pest-parasites5</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also, remember that these temperatures do not necessarily kill the eggs, although they do appear to damage them so you have to continue to monitor after you have cleaned all of the frass you can find off of the specimens. Retreat as necessary.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The other thing to note is that you should be double bagging all specimens to reduce fluctuations in relative humidity during the freezing process.
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
Good luck! <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Gretchen Anderson<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>From:</b> nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu [mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Bentley, Andrew Charles<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, September 20, 2016 4:39 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Eifler, Maria <meifler@ku.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Nhcoll-l] Post for our mammal collection manager about dermestids<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Does anyone have any information or know of any references on the effect of temperatures warmer than the recommended -20 F (-29 C) on the life cycle of dermestids? Specifically, can a freezer that gets down to 0 to -5 F (-17 to -19 C) kill
dermestids and their eggs if material is kept at that temperature for 1 week?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks!<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Maria<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">Maria Eifler, Ph.D.<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">Collection Manager, Mammals<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">KU Natural History Museum & Biodiversity Institute<o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span style="font-family:"Georgia",serif">(785) 864-6989</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Please respond directly to her at <a href="mailto:meifler@ku.edu">
meifler@ku.edu</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thanks<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Andy<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> A : A : A :<br>
}<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<)))_°><br>
V V V<br>
Andy Bentley<br>
Ichthyology Collection Manager<br>
University of Kansas<br>
Biodiversity Institute<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">Dyche Hall<br>
1345 Jayhawk Boulevard<br>
Lawrence, KS, 66045-7561<br>
USA<br>
<br>
Tel: (785) 864-3863<br>
Fax: (785) 864-5335 <br>
Email: <a href="mailto:abentley@ku.edu"><span style="color:blue">abentley@ku.edu</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__ichthyology.biodiversity.ku.edu_&d=CwMFAw&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=IyJpdEoyvwfUeiwOchgJO638cfw2eHelsJl_yrEsq70&s=D2j8eOzUoCrXYlxhNpLqmjXoKuXgYFjfm2UuT3pOzSQ&e="><span style="color:blue">http://ichthyology.biodiversity.ku.edu</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black">SPNHC Past-President<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.spnhc.org_&d=CwMFAw&c=-dg2m7zWuuDZ0MUcV7Sdqw&r=CLFZJ3fvGSmDp7xK1dNZfh6uGV_h-8NVlo3fXNoRNzI&m=IyJpdEoyvwfUeiwOchgJO638cfw2eHelsJl_yrEsq70&s=vlegaZVVvG-Xllx4Ozbtgb-Scsspd9eVw-Jrj1YeZRU&e="><span style="color:blue">http://www.spnhc.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black"> : : <br>
A : A : A :<br>
}<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<)))_°><br>
V V V</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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