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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Greetings,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'> You didn’t indicate for which collections receiving mercury that you were interested in. I’ve been gathering references to herbarium materials & methods for a while now, and I can say that there are numerous mentions in the latter part of the 1800s, but the earliest reference I’ve come across is :<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Franklin Society of Providence, R.I. 1829. General directions for collecting and preserving articles in the various departments of natural history respectfully submitted by the Franklin Society of Providence, R.I. to the attention of travellers, seafaring men and all lovers of nature and of nature’s handy works, who are willing to lend their aid in promoting the cause of science, and advancing the progress of the arts. Franklin Society of Providence R. I. 8pp. (Since. I have been concentrating on plants/herbaria I noted only pages 6 & 7 as dealing with them.)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> As for tests, I am aware of the following:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Odegaard,N., D.R. Smith, .V.Boyer,, and J. Anderson. 2006. Use of handheld XRF for the study of pesticide residues on museum objects. Collect. Forum 2220(1):42-48.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Purewal, V. 1999. The identification of hazardous pesticide and fungicide residues on herbarium material. Scottish Society for Conservation and Restoration Journal. 10(4):5-9.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Purewal, V. 2001. The identification of four persistent and hazardous residues present on historic plant collections housed within the National Museum and Galleries of Wales. Collect. Forum 16(1-2):77-86.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Purewal, V., and B. Colston. 2006. New approaches to the identification and treatment of contaminants in P.57 in: Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections Program and Abstracts. 21<sup>st</sup> Annual Meeting, 23-27 May 2006. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Purewal, V., B. Colston, and S. Röhrs. 2008. Developing a simple screening method for the identification of historic biocide residues on herbarium material in museum collections. X-Ray Spectrom. 37:137-141.</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:.5in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Use of hand-held UV lamp as screening method; PIXE analysis for details on mercury and arsenic contamination.<span style='font-size:8.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Purewal, V.J. 2012. Novel Detection and removal of Hazardous Biocide Residue Historically Applied to Herbaria. 192 pp. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#222222'>(Doctoral dissertation, University of Lincoln). http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/13573/13/Purewal_PhD_April_2012_v2.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The Odegaard et al. paper covers cultural objects, while V. Purewal has pretty much restricted herself to herbarium specimens.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Good luck,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Ann Pinzl</span><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Nhcoll-l [mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Peter H Wimberger<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, April 18, 2018 10:34 PM<br><b>To:</b> nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu<br><b>Subject:</b> [Nhcoll-l] mercury in collections<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><pre><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Hello all,<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>We have been doing some work on mercury in museum specimens and are interested in finding more reports/papers that document the use of mercuric chloride or corrosive sublimate in museum collections. In addition we would be interested in learning the results of mercury tests done on specimens, if folks are willing to share those. <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Does anyone know who produced the mercury products that were used in collections in the 19<sup>th</sup> and early 20<sup>th</sup> centuries?<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><br>Thanks very much,<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Peter<o:p></o:p></span></pre><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Peter Wimberger<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Director, Slater Museum of Natural History<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Albertson Professor, Biology and Environmental Studies<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F497D'>University of Puget Sound<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Tacoma, WA 98416-1088<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Peter Wimberger<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Director, Slater Museum of Natural History<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Albertson Professor, Biology and Environmental Studies<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>University of Puget Sound<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>Tacoma, WA 98416-1088<o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>