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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Hello,</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">There is information that may be of interest on the treatments section of the Museum Pests website: https://museumpests.net/solutions/</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Your method will certainly depend on your objects, and your budget. In herbaria the standard has become low temperature treatments. Generally it is easy, and relatively quick and inexpensive.</p>
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<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Best of luck</p>
<p style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0">Genevieve</p>
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</font></font></a><a name="_MailAutoSig" tabindex="0" id="LPNoLP"><font face="Helvetica" size="2"><font color="#7F7F7F">Genevieve E. Tocci</font></font></a><font face="Helvetica" size="2"><font color="#7F7F7F"><br>
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<div style="margin:0px"><a name="_MailAutoSig" tabindex="0" id="LPNoLP"><font face="Helvetica" size="2"><font color="#7F7F7F"></font></font></a><span style="color:rgb(127,127,127); font-family:Helvetica; font-size:small">Senior Curatorial Technician</span></div>
<div style="margin:0px"><font face="Helvetica" size="2"><font color="#7F7F7F">Harvard University Herbaria</font><font color="#7F7F7F"><br>
22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138 U.S.A.</font><font color="#7F7F7F"><br>
Phone: 617-495-1057 Fax: 617-495-9484</font><font color="#7F7F7F"><br>
glewis-g@oeb.harvard.edu</font></font></div>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Nhcoll-l <nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu> on behalf of Simon Moore <couteaufin@btinternet.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, May 5, 2018 6:51 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Gali Beiner; Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] Quarantine and methyl bromide</font>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">Just a quick add-on. I have used nitrogen as opposed to CO2 and the zerO2 website. Sorry I can't say more but am on holiday.</p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal">Simon </p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">Sent from my Windows 10 phone</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="border:none; padding:0cm"><b>From: </b><a href="mailto:gali.beiner@mail.huji.ac.il" id="LPlnk831121" class="OWAAutoLink" previewremoved="true">Gali Beiner</a><br>
<b>Sent: </b>05 May 2018 11:04<br>
<b>To: </b><a href="mailto:Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu" id="LPlnk359324" class="OWAAutoLink" previewremoved="true">Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
<b>Subject: </b>[Nhcoll-l] Quarantine and methyl bromide</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">Hello Mazin,</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">The ban on methyl bromide came into effect quite a while back, and my MA thesis as a student of conservation dealt exactly with the question of available alternatives (the results were published in The Conservator vol. 29 issue 1 pp.
5-18 from 2010). </p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">As I see it at the moment, the most viable (but not only) alternatives include:</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">1. Freezing (according to specific protocols)</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">2. Anoxia (most often with CO2 but other gases are being used as well)</p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">3. Fumigation with pyrethroids (considered to be relatively safe for mammals, that is for humans). </p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">There still is more research to do on possible effects on specific collections, for example entomology collections, but all three methods are in use as interventive means of pest control. The feasibilty of each one depends on specific
factors in each collection or institution. In our collections, the herbarium and the mammal and bird collections are treated by freezing (usually -40 degrees celsius) according to protocols published in conservation research. Freezing was chosen because of
ease of use, lack of toxicity and lower cost compared with other methods. Limitations are mainly related to the size of the freezer and the objects. I will be happy to give more details on the exact protocol if this is of interest to you. </p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">Hope this helps, </p>
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<p class="x_MsoNormal">Gali Beiner (ACR)<br>
Conservator, Palaeontology Lab<br>
National Natural History Collections<br>
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem <br>
Berman Building, Edmond J. Safra campus, Givat Ram<br>
Jerusalem 91904, Israel<br>
Fax. 972-2-6585785<br>
<a href="mailto:gali.beiner@mail.huji.ac.il" id="LPlnk382722" class="OWAAutoLink" previewremoved="true">gali.beiner@mail.huji.ac.il</a><br>
<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__nnhc.huji.ac.il_&d=DwMFaQ&c=cjytLXgP8ixuoHflwc-poQ&r=LpYc_Z_iN1KRw0hheb3x6-8MJUMu482qfHowpGYJqwc&m=b5k96LTmiCPY4Gh-LKez3l6HD69ubZXTTX-wfhj6_zE&s=-9cnejYL2tkAelqkPtOTwmerd19yD9LOgPqcUJjqEjM&e=" id="LPlnk484085" class="OWAAutoLink" previewremoved="true">http://nnhc.huji.ac.il/</a></p>
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