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<p>If you are hand-carrying and plan to use a broker to avoid
problems at Customs (and again, I strongly recommend <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.jsconnor.com/">John S.
Connor</a>), here are important logistical details:</p>
<p>1. Get all the documentation - your USFWS permit if one is
needed, your 3-177 (always needed), your APHIS permit (if one is
needed), your certificate of origin/treatment, your pro forma
invoice - as far in advance of your arrival as possible.</p>
<p>2. They can do the declarations and generate a Customs entry
number for you at least 48 hrs in advance of your arrival. They
are investigating to see if they can do the declarations for you
even sooner than that; standby and I will let you know.</p>
<p>3. They will send you the entry number by both text and e-mail so
be sure your phone is charged before you get on the flight to the
U.S.</p>
<p>4. Contrary to what the CBP higher-ups told me before they left
on vacation, John S. Connor staff say that the Customs agents at
the passenger terminals DO have access to the ACE system; they
have seen this for themselves in person. So you have the entry
number that John S. Connor has provided to you on your phone and
that's the information you would need to give to the Customs agent
when you exit baggage claim.</p>
<p>5. The ACE entry number does not obviate the need for ag
inspection. <br>
</p>
<p>I am trying to arrange a walk-through at BWI for the CBP
officials in DC who seem not to understand how things actually
work on the ground. I have asked the USFWS Senior Law Enforcement
official, the CBP officials, representatives of John S. Connor. I
will of course also be asking that the CBP supervisor, CBP customs
agents, and CBP ag specialists participate. <br>
</p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>Your contact at John S. Conner is Maria Davis<br>
</p>
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<div class="moz-signature"><br>
<br>
FYI, do not wait until the last minute before your departure from
the U.S. to set things up with John S. Connor. They are going to
need a Power of Attorney, as would any customs broker. If your
institution's general counsel or office of sponsored research
wants to know why you need a broker and why this particular
broker, see below. For ornithologists or those who have
contributed to the OC, I am available to talk with the
institutional officials by phone or e-mail. <br>
<br>
If you would like to contribute to the OC, <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.paypal.com/donate/?token=QWZ_th5IRgeVEmglJGgX_qSGaBmNeInPHfdkKxngZAUoancH0Wx_GDDFk1FLnQAruvg6sm&country.x=US&locale.x=US">click
here</a>. <br>
<br>
Ellen<br>
<br>
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Ellen Paul<br>
Executive Director<br>
<a href="https://birdnet.org/">Ornithological
Council</a><br>
Phone (301) 986 8568<br>
Providing Scientific Information about Birds<br>
<br>
(For your general counsel/office of sponsored research)<br>
<p>I'm writing to explain the new import declaration and entry
system and why it necessitates the use of a customs broker,
which in turn necessitates providing a <a
href="http://www.jsconnor.com/content/power-attorney">power
of attorney</a> to the customs broker. Technically, your
shipments qualify for what is called a <i>de minimis</i>
entry, which is the informal entry method you've used for
years (declaration at time of arrival). However, under customs
regulations, the customs agent at the port can decide to
require a formal entry, for virtually any reason. If that
happens, you've got a serious problem because formal entry is
now done through a new, mandatory Customs system called "ACE"
or Automated Commercial Environment. Notwithstanding the name,
it also applies to non-commercial imports. It is indeed
automated and access to the online system for declaring
imports (also known as "entries") is designed for and limited
to the community of commercial importers and customs brokers.
I have attached an informational document provided by CBP that
gives the background and status of the ACE system. <br>
</p>
Although both the USFWS and APHIS have informed CBP that they
will still allow imports on paper filings (the permit, if
required; the 3-177, the APHIS permit and associated documents),
it is still CBP's prerogative to require a formal entry. And
although there is a paper version of the formal filing (two
extremely technical documents), the ports are not required to
accept the paper filings and as of this time, they seem
unwilling to do so. <br>
<br>
The Ornithological Council has been working with Customs and
Border Protection for at least the past two years to try to
determine what, if anything, can be done to simplify the system
for wildlife research imports. Increasingly, the answer seems to
be "not much." At least not for the foreseeable future. They are
struggling to meet the White House mandate to have this entire
system up and running. They acknowledge that it is very
burdensome for our community and hope to eventually have a
simpler alternative, but that won't happen for quite some time.
<br>
<br>
Once ACE came online, electronic filing became virtually
mandatory. Individuals and individual organizations do not, as
of this time, have access to the system. Even if that should
change, however, I would advise against it. It is an incredibly
complex system. The <a
href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/importexport/trade/ct_itds">APHIS
core</a> documentation, for instance, runs <a
href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/downloads/trade_itds.pdf">394
pages</a>. Further, even if access can be gained, it requires
very expensive specialized software and extensive training in
the use of that software. There is a paper-based alternative but
again, it is extremely complex and Customs agents at the ports
are not required to accept the paper-based declarations. In
fact, our experience has been that they are refusing to do so.<br>
<br>
The best alternative for now, to assure trouble-free entry of
your research material, is to use a customs broker to do the ACE
filing for you. The Ornithological Council has had a long and
productive discussion with a customs brokerage in Baltimore
called John S. Connor (they can file nationwide). They sent a
proposal and a fee schedule that was very reasonable. They
already have a fair amount of expertise as a result of working
with the National Museum of Natural History for many years and
are willing to develop the additional expertise needed to deal
with the USFWS and APHIS paperwork and procedures (through a
close working relationship with the Ornithological Council and
SPNHC). The idea here is that if everyone uses this broker,
there will be enough transactions that it will be worthwhile for
them to develop the expertise to handle your shipments -
including those moving on CITES permits, i.e., dealing with
validation - with special care and attention to the
agency-specific requirements.<br>
<br>
We strongly encourage the use of John S. Connor for this
shipment, so I hope you can arrange to provide them with the <a
href="http://www.jsconnor.com/content/power-attorney">Power of
Attorney</a>. I am available to speak with your general
counsel or any other university official, and because of my law
degree and 12 years of practicing law, along with my extensive
expertise in these import processes, I am sure I can explain it
to their satisfaction. And given their experience, I doubt that
they will need much explanation; to them, a POA is a routine
document. This customs brokerage is nearly 100 years old and
highly regarded; they know their business inside and out. In the
past two years, they have handled a number of imports of
wildlife research material and it has gone very smoothly.<br>
<br>
The POA is both necessary and a routine part of customs
brokering. The companies can't and won't file customs entry
documents without one. Since there is no option for this import
but to use ACE, the POA is essential. It is a very limited POA,
allowing the broker to do what is necessary to obtain clearance
for entry of the shipment. It would seem to me that the risk is
minimal and I'd be glad to discuss any specific concerns you
might have, and it might also be advisable for you to talk with
officials at John S. Connor.</div>
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