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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">A note more for Simon than for Tonya,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">I am presently working with some parrots which were preserved in distilled wine in the 1750s and stored in alcohol since (and no formalin!).
They were part of the royal collection and was studied by Linnaeus. Most were still alive when Linnaeus made his visits, but at least one was preserved before Linnaeus was called for, and had no green and other strong colours preserved. It was rather brownish
grey according to his description. Except for some red colour (the tail of Psittacus erithacus), all specimens are today overall brownish grey. However if the feathers are carefully dried, the colours reappears (at least in wings and tails) and it is possible
to identify them to species. The colours are slightly faded. Yellow seems to have been destroyed, and green becomes more blueish. Otherwise most of them are in excellent condition. Not very soft. I think they have been stored away from sunlight, and more or
less without being handled for the last 250 years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">King Adolf Fredrik probably got help from the druggist Zierfogel, who supplied the king with equipment and know-how. Zierfogel also
kept a collection. But we don’t know in detail how the fixation and preservation was made.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><img width="98" height="86" style="width:1.0166in;height:.9in" id="Bild_x0020_1" src="cid:image002.gif@01D500DF.C2AA37E0" alt="nrm_logo"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Erik Åhlander<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Senior assistant<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Vertebrates + museum history<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Swedish Museum of Natural History<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Department of Zoology<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Box 50007<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">SE-104 05 STOCKHOLM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Sweden<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><a href="mailto:erik.ahlander@nrm.se"><span style="color:#0563C1">erik.ahlander@nrm.se</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">+46-8-51954118<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">+46-70-2252716<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="SV" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Från:</span></b><span lang="SV" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Nhcoll-l <nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu>
<b>För </b>Simon Moore<br>
<b>Skickat:</b> den 2 maj 2019 11:24<br>
<b>Till:</b> Haff, Tonya (NCMI, Crace) <Tonya.Haff@csiro.au><br>
<b>Kopia:</b> nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu<br>
<b>Ämne:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] The best way to preserve birds in spirit<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Hi Tonya,<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Bear in mind that EtOH is not a proper fixative and this would account for ’squishiness’!<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">There was an ornithologist called Serventy from Australia who formulated a special fluid for preserving colour in bird feathers: <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Serventy's Colour Preserving fluid for Parrots</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">70% alcohol - 90 pts</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">36.5% formaldehyde - 5 pts</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="vertical-align:baseline"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">Glycerine - 5 pts</span><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Given the formalin present, this would likely serve as a fixative and preservative, although, for a fresh specimen, an immersion in 10% formalin (and injecting
it into the body cavities) for a few days (not as much as 10, that may compromise DNA) will benefit its long term preservation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Bear in mind that Serventy’s fluid appeared when molecular biology was in its infancy and not a preservation issue.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">With all good wishes, Simon.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black">Simon Moore MIScT, RSci, FLS, ACR<br>
Conservator of Natural Sciences and Cutlery Historian, <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:black"><a href="http://www.natural-history-conservation.com">www.natural-history-conservation.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">On 2 May 2019, at 02:26, Haff, Tonya (NCMI, Crace) <<a href="mailto:Tonya.Haff@csiro.au">Tonya.Haff@csiro.au</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">We have some birds that we would like to preserve whole, in alcohol. We are currently discussing the best way to preserve them – apparently in the past birds here were put
directly into 70% EtOH with no exposure to formalin. I have encountered some pretty squishy birds in spirit, however. On the other side, I recently saw an email from a collection manager suggesting putting birds in 10% formalin for 10 days before transferring
them to EtOH, which seems like a very prolonged exposure to me. If any of you who preserve birds in fluids would share what you all do, I’d really appreciate it!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><br>
Tonya<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">---------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Dr Tonya Haff<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Collections Manager<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Australian National Wildlife Collection<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Canberra, Australia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Phone: (+61) 02 6242 1566 (office)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">(+61) 0419 569 109 (mobile)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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