<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
</head>
<body>
<div>
<div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">Hi Bryan</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">Many thanks!!</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">Cathy<span id="ms-outlook-ios-cursor"></span></div>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div class="ms-outlook-ios-signature">
<div style="direction: ltr;">Sent from my iPhone</div>
<div style="direction: ltr;">Catharine Hawks</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr style="display:inline-block;width:98%" tabindex="-1">
<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>From:</b> Hawks, Catharine <HawksC@si.edu><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, October 23, 2020 4:06:26 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu <nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Fwd: fluid-preserved collections explosion hazard and safety</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div>
<div dir="ltr">
<div></div>
<div>
<div>
<div dir="ltr"></div>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div class="x_ms-outlook-ios-signature">
<div style="direction:ltr">Sent from my iPhone</div>
<div style="direction:ltr">Catharine Hawks</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="x_id-c3839476-bfe4-453d-be46-f232b025178d" class="x_ms-outlook-mobile-reference-message">
<hr tabindex="-1" style="display:inline-block; width:98%; font-size:12pt; color:rgb(0,0,0)">
<div id="x_divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif"><b>From:</b> BLStemen <blstemen@gmail.com><br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, October 22, 2020 6:58 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Kilby, Michael<br>
<b>Cc:</b> Hawks, Catharine; nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: fluid-preserved collections explosion hazard and safety
<div> </div>
</font></div>
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt; background:#FFEB9C"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:#9C6500">External Email - Exercise Caution</span></b></p>
<div>Cathy, et al.
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Michael’s summary is spot on! Not certain there is significantly more to add.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Best Regards,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Bryan<br>
<br>
<div dir="ltr">Sent from my iPhone</div>
<div dir="ltr"><br>
<blockquote type="cite">On Oct 22, 2020, at 1:48 PM, Kilby, Michael <KILBYMI@si.edu> wrote:<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div dir="ltr">
<meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)">
<style>
<!--
@font-face
{font-family:Wingdings}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math"}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri}
p.x_MsoNormal, li.x_MsoNormal, div.x_MsoNormal
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:8.0pt;
margin-left:0in;
line-height:105%;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif}
a:link, span.x_MsoHyperlink
{color:#0563C1;
text-decoration:underline}
p.x_MsoListParagraph, li.x_MsoListParagraph, div.x_MsoListParagraph
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:8.0pt;
margin-left:.5in;
line-height:105%;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif}
p.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;
line-height:105%;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif}
p.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;
line-height:105%;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif}
p.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:8.0pt;
margin-left:.5in;
line-height:105%;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif}
p.x_MsoBibliography, li.x_MsoBibliography, div.x_MsoBibliography
{margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:8.0pt;
margin-left:0in;
line-height:105%;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif}
span.x_EmailStyle22
{font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
color:windowtext}
.x_MsoChpDefault
{font-size:10.0pt}
@page WordSection1
{margin:70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt}
ol
{margin-bottom:0in}
ul
{margin-bottom:0in}
-->
</style>
<div class="x_WordSection1">
<p class="x_MsoNormal">Cathy,</p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal">I’m happy to pass along what we’ve applied and learned from creating ethanol collection storage spaces at the Smithsonian over the years. Here is some information that may be helpful:</p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">The Smithsonian basically has two types of ethanol collection storage spaces:</p>
<ul type="disc" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo4">Small ethanol collection storage rooms (under 500 sq. ft)</li><ul type="circle" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4">These are storage rooms located within a museum</li><li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4">These rooms adhere to the requirements for flammable liquid storage rooms in NFPA 30 (Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code)</li><li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4">2 hour fire rated enclosure, sprinkler suppression systems, ethanol gas detection, curbing and/or trench drains</li></ul>
</ul>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:1.5in"> </p>
<ul type="disc" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level1 lfo4">The Smithsonian has a separate collections storage facility, which includes a purpose built space housing natural history specimens in approximately 500,000 gallons of ethanol (70% concentration).</li><ul type="circle" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4">The space is in a building dedicated for storage and research (no assembly)</li><li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4">Size and unique purpose of the space required a performance rather than a prescriptive code approach</li><li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4">Fire protection design parameters developed for this space are<b> attached (Smithsonian Fire Protection & Life Safety Design Manual, see section 7.1.F)</b></li></ul>
</ul>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:1.0in"> </p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">Responses to specific questions (in <span style="color:red">
red</span>): </span></p>
<ol start="1" type="a" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3">
<span lang="EN-GB">In case of fire, how to exit? Refer to your local fire/life safety codes. Smithsonian follow the Life Safety Code (NFPA 101). Sprinklers and gas extinguishing are out of question. But then, if I spill a jar full of something toxic or poisonous
and some fire gets loose, what then? <span style="color:red">Strongly recommend automatic fire suppression for ethanol storage – with sprinklers typically being the most practical and reliable. If this is not possible, then divide storage into separate areas,
with each area fully enclosed with fire rated construction. Drainage and/or curbing will be needed in each room to prevent spread of fluid/fire to adjacent spaces. Size of the space should be based on maximum acceptable loss of collections – without automatic
suppression you’ll need to assume complete loss of collections within a single fire rated storage room.</span></span></li><li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:0in; mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3">
<span lang="EN-GB">Do you handle your fluid-preserved collectins as an explosion hazard? How do you mitigate the risks? How do you lead out the heat from collection in case of fire?
<span style="color:red">Smithsonian ethanol storage spaces are considered Class 1, Division 2 atmospheres per the National Electric Code (NFPA 70). To reduce the risk of ignition, should there be a release of ethanol, explosion proof electrical fixtures and
equipment are utilized. Risk is further mitigated by strictly limiting personnel and operations in the space. Space is dedicated to storage. Processing, research and other activities are not permitted in the storage rooms. Sprinkler systems are used to
control a fire, and thus the heat generated. Spaces are also kept cool, at approximately 65 degrees F, to reduce evaporation of ethanol.</span></span></li></ol>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">I think a pressure valve, which just flies away in case of overpressure, would mitigate some risk.
<span style="color:red">See above answer to b.</span></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">We already have planned the ventilation to near-floor, ideally separate from rest of the building.
<span style="color:red">We do the same. Return air is close to the floor. Gas detection is provided in the space. Upon detection of ethanol vapor from a spill, ventilation goes to 100% exhaust.</span></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">An alternative is to put all fluid-preserved vessels to the flammable liquid safety cabinets but this may be more expensive than secure the whole room.
<span style="color:red"> For small quantities, the use of these cabinets may be practical. Housing collections in cabinets creates other challenges in terms of readily viewing and accessing the collection.</span></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in"> </p>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in">Hope this is helpful. Good luck with your project!</p>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in"> </p>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in">-Michael</p>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:0in"><span style="color:red"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt; line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Michael Kilby, P.E.<br>
Associate Director for Fire Protection<br>
Smithsonian Institution<br>
Office of Safety, Health and Environmental Management <br>
600 Maryland Ave. SW Suite 7106 <br>
Washington, DC 20013-7012 <br>
Tele. </span><span lang="ES-CO"><a href="tel:202.633.2628" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; color:blue">202.633.2628</span></a></span><span lang="ES-CO" style="font-size:10.0pt"> (o) 202-438-6697 (c)</span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><br>
</span><span lang="ES-CO"><a href="https://nam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Furldefense.proofpoint.com%2Fv2%2Furl%3Fu%3Dhttp-3A__kilbymi-40si.edu%26d%3DDwMFAg%26c%3DezHeX61fxv1UK0GsNdSebQ%26r%3D3h8VSStueUcbu_pMeeGVHP947YSGt4cIIgE99CE6WJU%26m%3DQ0TA2kUylIprYUUVpYq3hHbi7hXMQvkA-0lUKnVYC6c%26s%3D8_8Mhw9aPkV0cOasVeCmidiB7YidYSozCv4L9XM8IGY%26e%3D&data=04%7C01%7CHawksC%40si.edu%7C1783a22d7e0a43e26dd908d876de019d%7C989b5e2a14e44efe93b78cdd5fc5d11c%7C0%7C0%7C637390043176126828%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=XpaEBveeziu00nw%2BY6RMEn%2F9ZiLLBQ3VWfZVtU7GfHg%3D&reserved=0" originalsrc="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__kilbymi-40si.edu&d=DwMFAg&c=ezHeX61fxv1UK0GsNdSebQ&r=3h8VSStueUcbu_pMeeGVHP947YSGt4cIIgE99CE6WJU&m=Q0TA2kUylIprYUUVpYq3hHbi7hXMQvkA-0lUKnVYC6c&s=8_8Mhw9aPkV0cOasVeCmidiB7YidYSozCv4L9XM8IGY&e=" shash="Na0KuY5svLfNDefjMX6x5Un3HG3JBrx3iQOjokB39jX3F2u1gK2hfa5dE1O8v1WtHL1Hf1Rd7ZfFBf6GXHrlpN6RT68icy+sDiBram0TH68htaX/ZneBzl6NCW4r9f7oWlsLkXkz2QCYw4vlef+soQgEyHOHrT65Y9XRD24jz7I=" target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt; color:blue">kilbymi@si.edu</span></a></span></p>
<p class="x_MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:0in"><span style="color:red"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"> </p>
<div>
<div style="border:none; border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt; padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><b>From:</b> Hawks, Catharine <HawksC@si.edu>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, October 22, 2020 9:20 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> blstemen@gmail.com; Kilby, Michael <KILBYMI@si.edu><br>
<b>Subject:</b> FW: fluid-preserved collections explosion hazard and safety</p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal">Please see below and respond if you have time.</p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal">Cathy</p>
<div>
<div style="border:none; border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt; padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><b>From:</b> Nhcoll-l <<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</a>>
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Lennart Lennuk<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, October 22, 2020 9:17 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:steven.vandermije@naturalis.nl">steven.vandermije@naturalis.nl</a>; Simon Moore <<a href="mailto:couteaufin@btinternet.com">couteaufin@btinternet.com</a>>;
<a href="mailto:Fabian.Neisskenwirth@ruhrmuseum.de">Fabian.Neisskenwirth@ruhrmuseum.de</a>;
<a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Sander Olo <<a href="mailto:Sander.Olo@loodusmuuseum.ee">Sander.Olo@loodusmuuseum.ee</a>>;
<a href="mailto:peeter.mauer@ajaloomuuseum.ee">peeter.mauer@ajaloomuuseum.ee</a>; Ulla Villem <<a href="mailto:Ulla.Villem@loodusmuuseum.ee">Ulla.Villem@loodusmuuseum.ee</a>>; Märt Kose <<a href="mailto:Mart.Kose@loodusmuuseum.ee">Mart.Kose@loodusmuuseum.ee</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Nhcoll-l] fluid-preserved collections explosion hazard and safety</p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="line-height:12.0pt; background:#FFEB9C"><b><span lang="ET" style="font-size:9.0pt; color:#9C6500">External Email - Exercise Caution</span></b><span lang="ET"></span></p>
<div>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB">Dear all!<br>
<br>
I have urgent question about fire safety in fluid-preserved collections.<br>
We are planning new building for Estonian Museum of Natural History and until last week it was not considering the potential danger of ca 15 cubic meters of fluid-preserved specimens, speaking of 12 tonnes of 70-75 % ethanol.<br>
<br>
I need some examples from the best of this world. We had meeting last week with our fire-safety specialist but he seemed to have no knowledge or skill to deal with such amount of ethanol.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">Most important questions are:</span></p>
<ol start="1" type="a" style="margin-top:0in">
<li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in; mso-list:l2 level1 lfo5">
<span lang="EN-GB">In case of fire, how to exit? Sprinklers and gas extinguishing are out of question. But then, if I spill a jar full of something toxic or poisonous and some fire gets loose, what then?</span></li><li class="x_MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:0in; mso-list:l2 level1 lfo5">
<span lang="EN-GB">Do you handle your fluid-preserved collectins as an explosion hazard? How do you mitigate the risks? How do you lead out the heat from collection in case of fire?</span></li></ol>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">I think a pressure valve, which just flies away in case of overpressure, would mitigate some risk.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">We already have planned the ventilation to near-floor, ideally separate from rest of the building.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB">An alternative is to put all fluid-preserved vessels to the flammable liquid safety cabinets but this may be more expensive than secure the whole room.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><br>
So far I have checked NPS, ConserveOGram, <span style="color:black">Collection Forum,
</span>spnhc wiki and STASHC but have not find any specific information about that:</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoBibliography"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:105%">1. Simmons, John E.
<i>Fluid Preservation</i>.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoBibliography"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:105%">2. ? Storage Concerns For Fluid-Preserved Collections.
<i>Conserve O Gram</i> <b>11</b>, 1–4 (1999).</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoBibliography"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:105%">3. Marte, F. & Solazzo, C. The Stability of Natural History Specimens In Fluid-preserved Collections. 10.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoBibliography"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:105%">4. Neumann, D. & Carter, J. Baseline Standards for Fluid Collections. 47.</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoBibliography"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:12.0pt; line-height:105%">5. MacLeod, I. D. Conservation of a museum megamouth shark specimen by changing its preservative from aqueous ethanol to aqueous glycerol.
<i>Collection Forum</i> <b>29</b>, 73–89 (2015).</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><br>
</span><span lang="ET" style="color:black">Best regards!</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><span lang="ET" style="color:black">Lennart Lennuk</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><span lang="ET" style="color:black">Head of zoology</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><span lang="ET" style="color:black">Estonian Museum of Natural History</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><span lang="ET" style="color:black">+372 6603404, 56569916</span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0in; line-height:normal"><span lang="ET" style="color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="ET" style="color:black"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>
<p class="x_MsoNormal"><span lang="ET"> </span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div><FPLSDM 2019.0.pdf></div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>