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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Dear Julian, Simon and Andrew Charles,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Thanks for all your answers, they were very helpful.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">One more question appeared when i read your answers: How to collect specimens for fluid preservation? (For example frog). Do i first
inject formaline to the body and then put it also to formaline and then when i return to lab I put it in EtOH? Or some better solutions?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Sincerely,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Joosep Sarapuu<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US">Estonian Museum of Natural History<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Julian Carter [mailto:Julian.Carter@museumwales.ac.uk]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, May 21, 2021 1:56 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Simon Moore <couteaufin@btinternet.com>; Bentley, Andrew Charles <abentley@ku.edu><br>
<b>Cc:</b> NHCOLL-new <nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu>; Joosep Sarapuu <Joosep.Sarapuu@loodusmuuseum.ee><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] Fluid preservation correction<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Any fixation in formalin will have a notable effect on the viability of the DNA for later research, even for a few days. There are a complex mix of factors occurring such as crosslinking
effects, hydrolytic degradation, the acidity of a solution altering conformations and functional group arrangements etc. Most damage to the DNA will occur at point of death of the organism, how quickly it is preserved, and how it is preserved. Thus Andy's
comment rightly points out that subsequent fixation and preservation treatments may have already subsequently effected the quality of the preserved DNA.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Cheers<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">Jules<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span lang="CY" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121">Prif Gadwraethydd, Gwyddorau Naturiol / Principal Conservator Natural Sciences</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><a href="mailto:julian.carter@amgueddfacymru.ac.uk" target="_blank"><span lang="CY" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">julian.carter@amgueddfacymru.ac.uk</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><a href="mailto:julian.carter@museumwales.ac.uk" target="_blank"><span lang="CY" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">julian.carter@museumwales.ac.uk</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Julian_Carter" target="_blank"><span lang="CY" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Julian_Carter</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121">Twitter: @NatHistConserve<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background:white"><span lang="CY" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121">Ffon/Tel: (+44) 029 20573230 / (+44)07870448074</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#212121"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black"> Nhcoll-l <</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">>
on behalf of Simon Moore <</span><a href="mailto:couteaufin@btinternet.com"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">couteaufin@btinternet.com</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">><br>
<b>Sent:</b> 20 May 2021 23:09<br>
<b>To:</b> Bentley, Andrew Charles <</span><a href="mailto:abentley@ku.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">abentley@ku.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">><br>
<b>Cc:</b> NHCOLL-new <</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">>; Joosep
Sarapuu <</span><a href="mailto:Joosep.Sarapuu@loodusmuuseum.ee"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Joosep.Sarapuu@loodusmuuseum.ee</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:black">><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Nhcoll-l] Fluid preservation correction</span> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">I don’t think that a fixation in formalin can alter DNA for a few days provided the samples is transferred into 96% EtOH as soon as possible after fixation and that no formaldehyde is still present (via the
sample) in the preservative fluid. I am unsure of there is a critical level for formalin presence that might compromise DNA.<br>
<br>
With all good wishes, Simon<br>
<br>
Simon Moore MIScT, RSci, FLS, ACR<br>
Conservator of Natural Sciences and Cutlery Historian,<br>
<br>
</span><a href="http://www.natural-history-conservation.com"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">www.natural-history-conservation.com</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
> On 20 May 2021, at 19:52, Bentley, Andrew Charles <</span><a href="mailto:abentley@ku.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">abentley@ku.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">> wrote:<br>
> <br>
> Julian<br>
> <br>
> That is presuming that the specimens were not first fixed in formalin before being placed in 95% ethanol.<br>
> <br>
> Andy<br>
> <br>
> A : A : A :<br>
> }<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<)))_°><br>
> V V V<br>
> Andy Bentley<br>
> Ichthyology Collection Manager<br>
> University of Kansas<br>
> Biodiversity Institute<br>
> Dyche Hall<br>
> 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard<br>
> Lawrence, KS, 66045-7561<br>
> USA<br>
> <br>
> Tel: (785) 864-3863<br>
> Fax: (785) 864-5335 <br>
> Email: </span><a href="mailto:abentley@ku.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">abentley@ku.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">
<br>
> </span><a href="http://ichthyology.biodiversity.ku.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">http://ichthyology.biodiversity.ku.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><br>
> <br>
> A : A : A :<br>
> }<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<(((_°>.,.,.,.}<)))_°><br>
> V V V<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> From: Nhcoll-l <</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">> on behalf of "Julian uk>" <</span><a href="mailto:Julian.Carter@museumwales.ac.uk"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Julian.Carter@museumwales.ac.uk</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">><br>
> Date: Thursday, May 20, 2021 at 1:51 PM<br>
> To: Joosep Sarapuu <</span><a href="mailto:Joosep.Sarapuu@loodusmuuseum.ee"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Joosep.Sarapuu@loodusmuuseum.ee</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">>, "</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">"
<</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">><br>
> Subject: Re: [Nhcoll-l] Fluid preservation correction<br>
> <br>
> Hi Joosep,<br>
> <br>
> 96% Ethanol (with no additives) will actually be better for DNA preservation as it effectively dehydrates the specimen and reduces hydrolytic effects. So I’d keep them in the 96% EtOH. ‘Cold and dry’ tends to be best for biomolecule preservation.<br>
> <br>
> As to the denatured EtOH – then probably best to transfer into equivalent absolute ethanol. The ‘denaturant’ used can be very variable though usually something like MEK or Methanol, both of which are better avoided with DNA samples.<br>
> <br>
> Hope that helps.<br>
> <br>
> All the best,<br>
> <br>
> Jules<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> Julian Carter (he/him)<br>
> Prif Gadwraethydd, Gwyddorau Naturiol / Principal Conservator Natural Sciences<br>
> </span><a href="mailto:julian.carter@amgueddfacymru.ac.uk"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">julian.carter@amgueddfacymru.ac.uk</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><br>
> </span><a href="mailto:julian.carter@museumwales.ac.uk"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">julian.carter@museumwales.ac.uk</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><br>
> </span><a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Julian_Carter"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Julian_Carter</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><br>
> Twitter: @NatHistConserve<br>
> Ffon/Tel: (+44) 029 20573230 / (+44)07870448074<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> From: Nhcoll-l <</span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">nhcoll-l-bounces@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt">> On Behalf Of Joosep Sarapuu<br>
> Sent: 20 May 2021 14:12<br>
> To: </span><a href="mailto:nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu"><span style="font-size:11.0pt">nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</span></a><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><br>
> Subject: [Nhcoll-l] Fluid preservation correction<br>
> <br>
> Dear all,<br>
> <br>
> I have a question about fluid preservation correction.<br>
> • I have three samples of animals in 96% EtOH right now, but i know that the best for DNA would be 75% EtOH. Can i just dilute this to the right amount or i have to wash it in destilled water and then step by step to 75% EtOH?<br>
> • I have one animal in denaturated EtOH. This one i have to wash and then also step by step to 75% normal EtOH?<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> Sincerely,<br>
> Joosep Sarapuu<br>
> <br>
> <br>
> <br>
> YMWADIAD<br>
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<p><span lang="CY" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">YMWADIAD<br>
Rydym yn croesawu gohebiaeth yn Gymraeg a Saesneg, ac yn sicrhau y byddwn yn cyfathrebu â chi yn eich iaith ddewisol, boed yn Gymraeg, Saesneg neu’r ddwy, dim ond i chi ein hysbysu. Ni fydd gohebu yn Gymraeg yn peri oedi.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p><a name="cysill"></a><span lang="CY" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Mae pob neges e-bost a anfonir at neu gan Amgueddfa Cymru yn cael ei
<br>
sganio gan systemau diogelwch awtomatig. Sganiwyd y neges hon am firysau cyn ei hanfon, ond dylech hefyd wirio bod y neges, a phob atodiad ynddi, yn rhydd o firysau cyn ei defnyddio. Nid ydym yn derbyn cyfrifoldeb am unrhyw golled neu ddifrod o ganlyniad i
agor y neges neu unrhyw atodiadau. Gall y neges hon ac unrhyw ffeiliau a atodir ynddi gynnwys gwybodaeth gyfrinachol a fwriadwyd ar gyfer y derbynnydd yn unig. Os ydych chi wedi derbyn y neges trwy gamgymeriad, hysbyswch ni a dileu’r neges. Safbwyntiau personol
yr awdur a fynegir yn y neges hon, ac nid ydynt o reidrwydd yn cynrychioli safbwyntiau Amgueddfa Cymru. Nid ydym yn derbyn cyfrifoldeb am unrhyw wallau, llygredd neu esgeulustod a allai godi wrth drosglwyddo'r neges hon.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p><span lang="CY" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">DISCLAIMER</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p><span lang="CY" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">We welcome correspondence in Welsh and English, and we will ensure that we communicate with you in the language of your choice, whether that’s English, Welsh or both if you let us know which you prefer.
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