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Type specimens are a special kind of voucher, in the sense that
there are formal rules governing their designation and deposition,
under various Codes (ICNafp, ICZN).<br>
<p>That's really all that they are, despite the formal
categorization and status. Of all the categories, of course, the
one that has the least nomenclatural signficance ("paratypes") is
most akin to the general understanding of vouchers; <b>paratypes
collectively provide evidence for how the original author
perceived the circumscription of their new taxon</b>. They have
no status nomenclaturally - and, in fact, if one was to need a
replacement for a lost holotype, you might NOT want to use a
paratype - but they can be very important taxonomically; after
all, if a holotype is an adult male (or female), then the
paratypes can include the other sex, or immature stages, and that
can be very valuable.</p>
<p>Peace,<br>
</p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum
Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0314 skype: dyanega
phone: (951) 827-4315 (disclaimer: opinions are mine, not UCR's)
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://faculty.ucr.edu/~heraty/yanega.html">https://faculty.ucr.edu/~heraty/yanega.html</a>
"There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness
is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82</pre>
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