<div dir="ltr"><div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">I agree with Dirk, but I would add that it is also possible that some of the stuff could be an efflorescence due to anexcess of salts used to buffer the fixative (I have seen this happen when a formaldehyde fixative is buffered with an excess of borax and a few other buffers). </div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">Following Dirk's recommendations should clear up the problem. Do be very careful if you need to brush away the white stuff so that you do not damage the skin of the specimen.</div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">Thank you for sending these excellent photos, they are much better than the photos most us post of our problem specimens.\</div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">You mentioned that you were new to the collection so you don't know the history of the specimen, but I do have a few questions that might help better diagnose the problem: </div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">1-Do you know how long it has been in the collection? </div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">2-Is denatured ethanol used in the collection?</div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">3-Is the alcohol diluted with tap water?</div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">Thanks,</div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default">John</div><div style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class="gmail_default"><br></div></div><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif">John E. Simmons<br>Writer and Museum Consultant</span></font></div><div dir="ltr"><font size="2"><span style="font-family:tahoma,sans-serif">Museologica<br><i>and</i><br>Investigador Asociado, Departamento de Ornitologia<br>Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima</span></font><br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Aug 22, 2025 at 8:44 AM Indah Huegele <<a href="mailto:indahhuegele@isu.edu">indahhuegele@isu.edu</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="auto"><div>Hello everyone,</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I was wondering if I could get feedback on some scary-looking growths on a few herpetology specimens in our collection (photos attached here). Any thoughts on what these residues are and/or advice on how to treat them would be much appreciated!</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><b>Orange-brown bumps.<i> </i></b><i>(images 143927 and 143900) </i>There are small, orange-brown, round bumps on one specimen that has had its tail exposed from fluid levels that are too low. I completely replaced the ethanol for this specimen and tried to gently scrape off the growth, but most of it was quite dried on, so I left it soaking in fresh 70% ethanol for the time being. Is this definitely fungal? Should I try to scrape the rest of the growth off the specimen's tail or leave it alone?</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><b>White layer of residue.</b> <i>(all other images) </i>On a few salamander specimens, there is this opaque, white layer of residue. This is occurring on salamander specimens that are completely submerged in ethanol. (However, I am not sure what the concentration of this ethanol is or the last time that it was changed out; I worry it might have lost ethanol concentration over time.) Any thoughts on what this might be and how to treat it? </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I took over this collection a few months ago, so I am still discovering issues with specimens. I appreciate any suggestions that you folks have to offer on how to help these poor specimens!</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Thanks,</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Indah</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div><br></div><div><div dir="ltr"><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:1rem;color:black;font-family:Roboto;font-size:12px"><span style="font-size:14px;font-weight:bold">Indah B. Huegele, PhD<br></span>Life Sciences Collection Manager | Idaho Museum of Natural History</p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:1rem;color:black;font-family:Roboto;font-size:12px">Museum Bldg | Room 220<br>921 S 8th Ave, Stop 8096 | Pocatello, Idaho 83209<br>(208) 282-2815 | <a href="mailto:indahhuegele@isu.edu" target="_blank">indahhuegele@isu.edu</a></p><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:1rem;color:black;font-family:Roboto;font-size:12px"><img width="200" height="37" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: rgb(32, 33, 36);" src="https://ci3.googleusercontent.com/mail-sig/AIorK4zpDKaE1A5p59nUvJJcaXwajw0Mg-6wzIW9yWbfX_lPRg5uhT10fU764DdL4hWwUnpkkchS-cL7YsEq"></p></div></div></div>
</div>
_______________________________________________<br>
Nhcoll-l mailing list<br>
<a href="mailto:Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu" target="_blank">Nhcoll-l@mailman.yale.edu</a><br>
<a href="https://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/nhcoll-l" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/listinfo/nhcoll-l</a><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
NHCOLL-L is brought to you by the Society for the Preservation of<br>
Natural History Collections (SPNHC), an international society whose<br>
mission is to improve the preservation, conservation and management of<br>
natural history collections to ensure their continuing value to<br>
society. See <a href="http://www.spnhc.org" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.spnhc.org</a> for membership information.<br>
Advertising on NH-COLL-L is inappropriate.<br>
</blockquote></div>