From jrg13 at psu.edu Thu Mar 18 08:10:45 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 08:10:45 -0500 Subject: Rauriki for Monarch caterpillars In-Reply-To: <38d151bd.63997875@news.wave.co.nz> Message-ID: <3.0.1.16.19990318081045.47af62b6@email.psu.edu> >They will survive quite well on geraniums, and on the native rariki >(spelling) weed. >Keith Davidson For those on the list not from NZ, rauriki is a thistle, Sonchus oleraceus according to my cookbook. Its also known as puha. Its very common and often a garden "weed". John Grehan From jrg13 at psu.edu Wed Mar 31 07:59:55 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 07:59:55 -0500 Subject: Too young to collect? In-Reply-To: References: <38E25A73.1B0156D0@infinet.com> Message-ID: <3.0.1.16.19990331075955.5837100c@email.psu.edu> Some responses to Kurt Jacobs I have to wonder though, are >these children exceptionally gifted, because to take it to the level that is >beyond most high schoolers may be a bit overwhelming. Perhaps the children can decide this. Most modest >collectors will admit that it takes years to learn how to properly mount >lepidoptera to what an experienced entomologist would consider >"professional". Perhaps true, but does that matter? Specimens may look lousy, but still have scientific value. And the earlier one starts the earlier one might become proficient. Many collectors with any love of the environment who hold >collections feel that taking butterflies or moths without using the proper >mounting and storage techniques is just throwing away a living animal. I'm not one of the many. Each year I "throw" away millions, perhaps billions in the front of my car. It >is a waste. A matter of personal philosophy. Many lepidopterists also feel that people who hold collections >and are not affiliated with a university or museum or such are also wasting >the environment, even if they house a collection that rivals the most >respected. I'm not one of the "many". And with the attitiude of some universities and museums towards collections I wouldn't necessarily want such persons to have such affiliations. If universities can hold collections in such distain and trash the idea of active working collections why burden this attitude upon private collectors? If noone learns or sees the collection but the collector it is >truly a waste. Personal philosophy. If no one learns of, or sees, a particular species is the existence of that species a "waste"? The children would not most likely know >if they were taking a female regal fritilliary or a male great spangled >fritilliary until after it had been killed. So to rush right out and start >collecting insects at age 10 is wrong. When I started collecting as a child I did not "know" what I was collecting either. So this makes me a sinner? NOOOO, but it would be nice if the >children learned respect for the fauna and if they could get a sense of what >type of collecting is proper. This is loaded with moral judgements of guilt. The idea that if one does not "know" what one is collecting, one has no "respect" for the fauna. Sounds typical of fundamentalist christian theology (sin, sin, guilt, guilt) (and I don't imply that is the foundation of anyone with christian faith, and the same philosophy no doubt also occurs in other faiths). I would argue (as personal philosophy) that "proper" collecting is that which does not endanger the existence of a species. > >I have no problems with collecting, mounting and storing lepidoptera, Evidently Kurt Jacobs has a lot of moral problems with collecting that is not "proper". >arent children in 4th grade a little young to be doing the work that college >students sometimes have trouble learning? Having experienced museum visits from many (many means hundreds) of preschool and early grade children, and can confirm that they often have a knowledge of insects that college students sometimes have trouble learning! John Grehan From jrg13 at psu.edu Wed Mar 31 08:05:36 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 08:05:36 -0500 Subject: Butterfly book and supplies info needed... In-Reply-To: <38E3492D.BD661947@gate.net> References: <38E25A73.1B0156D0@infinet.com> Message-ID: <3.0.1.16.19990331080536.5837e9d8@email.psu.edu> Anne Kilmer wrote and, if we intend to eat >meat, maybe we should have killed an animal and eaten it ... once, at >least ... so that we know how we really feel about that. And perhaps if one is a vegetarian eating mass-produced foods one should also take part in the mechanical techniques crop harvesting that slaughter of animals inhabiting the crops. Perhaps we should not eat at all. John Grehan From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Wed Mar 31 06:12:02 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 03:12:02 -0800 Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? References: , <370244FA.F26551F9@iamerica.net>, <7dtnoi$ctu$1@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> Message-ID: <37020302.26DA@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Deborah Stevenson wrote: > > In <370244FA.F26551F9 at iamerica.net> TMOliver writes: > > >Annato, a red seed popular as both a flavoring agent (toasted) and > >color-additive (cheap substitute for saffron) in Caribbean, Mexican and > >Central American cookery, makes a fine choice for cheese-coloring ('cuz > >traditonal customers like orange "cheddar" and "merkin"). > > >The "flavor" which adds to its use as a spice is mild/non-existent until > >after toasting, so I suspect the coloring task is carried out by > >untoasted versions. For folks who make "Spanish Rice" or the Mexican > >restaurant standard "sopa seca", among traditionalists annatto, not > >tomato juice/paste/sauce, is the coloring agent, and while high class > >"Yellow Rice" and "Paella" might be touched by saffron's angel thread > >(muy caro), most places rely on cheap annatto. > > Though I did once consume a fruit yogurt (I'm thinking it was a Yoplait > relative) with an oddly inappropriate but recognizable flavor, and I > finally realized I was tasting the annatto in with the peach or whatever. > > Cheerios apparently use turmeric for similar natural colorations with > spices you otherwise wouldn't expect. > > Deborah Stevenson > (stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu) To hear chitin being foisted as a weight-loss aid upon the entomologically unenlightened is to laugh. -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Mon Mar 1 03:45:41 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 16:45:41 +0800 Subject: more species on the wing Message-ID: <36DA53B5.2DE9BCCD@hkusua.hku.hk> Well now, it's warming up again here in Hong Kong, so the butterflies have started to become more visible again. Yesterday's tally, observed whilst playing cricket on Hong Kong Island, was as follows: Nymphalidae Euploea core (Common Crow) - Danainae; 2 Junonia lemonias (Lemon Pansy) - Nymphalinae; 1 Papilionidae Papilio protenor (Dark Mormon); 1 P. polytes (Common Mormon); 4 P. demoleus (Lime Butterfly); 3 Pieridae Pieris (Artogeia) canidia (Common White); stopped counting after several dozen. Lycaenidae Zizeeria maha (Pale Grass Blue) - Polyommatinae; 4 Most of these species are illustrated on the Hong Kong Lepidoptera Group's website (http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/) Moth numbers are already through the roof, with over 100 species listed at light several nights ago. I'm beginning to think that I'll be recording atlas moths very soon (normally appear in April). I'm wondering if there are lots of other species being recorded earlier than "normal" elsewhere in the northern hemisphere?! regards (and happy lep watching) Roger. -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 709 bytes Desc: Card for Roger C. KENDRICK Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990301/61d5ab4b/attachment.vcf From M.Honey at nhm.ac.uk Mon Mar 1 04:31:32 1999 From: M.Honey at nhm.ac.uk (Martin Honey) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 09:31:32 +0000 Subject: re.: Banana Waspmoth Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990301093132.00803830@mailserver.nhm.ac.uk> Dear All >Can anyone provide the name for and possibly point to any images available >of the little dark Syntomid moth with the dark metalic green HW bases that >regularly shows up on imported bananas here the the frigid north ? We too get specimens of these beasties in the frigid north, but on the other side of the pond. We have records of three species for the UK; Antichloris viridis (Druce), Antichloris caca (Hubner [please excuse the lack of an umlaut]) and Antichloris eriphia (Fabricius). I also know of records of A. viridis from the Faroe Islands (1997, Entomologist's Gazette 48: 84) and Sweden (1996, Ent. Tidskr. 117: 123-4). Although all three species look alike (and there are others), there are characters, especially on the underside of the abdomen and tympanal hoods, to help distinguish them (Field, 1978, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 198:). Hope this helps Martin *********************************************************** Martin R. Honey CBiol MIBiol, Linnaean Butterfly Project Biodiversity Division, Department of Entomology The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road London, SW7 5BD, Great Britain TELEPHONE: 0171 938 8735 International: 44 171 938 8735 FAX: 0171 938 8937 International: 44 171 938 8937 EMAIL: M.Honey at nhm.ac.uk *********************************************************** From zagatti at versailles.inra.fr Mon Mar 1 04:36:12 1999 From: zagatti at versailles.inra.fr (Pierre Zagatti) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 10:36:12 +0100 Subject: Banana Waspmoth References: Message-ID: <36DA5F8C.6556@versailles.inra.fr> Doug Yanega wrote: > > >Can anyone provide the name for and possibly point to any images available > >of the little dark Syntomid moth with the dark metalic green HW bases that > >regularly shows up on imported bananas here the the frigid north ? > > I think there's more than one, and they're in the genus Antichloris. The > name "syntomid" is archaic, incidentally. They're Arctiids, subfamily > Ctenuchinae. > Syntominae is not really archaic, it simply concerns an Old World Arctiid subfamily (genera Syntomis, Dysauxes). Till recently, Syntominae and Ctenuchinae were considered as synonyms, but these groups are not related and now Ctenuchinae is restricted to New World moths. You may find an image of Antichloris at: http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/arctiid/texteng/a_toddie.htm although it is not your banana species of course. -- Pierre ZAGATTI INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques 78026 Versailles Cedex FRANCE Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ From MYTZ14A at prodigy.com Mon Mar 1 07:54:15 1999 From: MYTZ14A at prodigy.com (Sunsol Daniels) Date: 1 Mar 1999 12:54:15 GMT Subject: Suggestions for a camera for taking butterfly photo's References: <36d7e694.bf4fdf5b@gate.net>, <7bbfki$d7n2$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com>, <36d969db.f3489c4d@gate.net> Message-ID: <7be2ln$81le$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com> Anne, Well, I have to agree with loving butterflies. Sally From juwaki at mozcom.com Mon Mar 1 09:00:48 1999 From: juwaki at mozcom.com (Stanley L. Cabigas) Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 22:00:48 +0800 Subject: Atlas ova In-Reply-To: <36dbb6f5.1472524@news.senet.com.au> Message-ID: <000001be63eb$e99b8360$597300cf@kilimanjaro> How about A. lorquinii? But its not season yet. -----Original Message----- From: owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu [mailto:owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu] On Behalf Of oli Sent: Monday, March 01, 1999 5:46 AM To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu Subject: Atlas ova Does anyone know of a source of atlas ova? From Jux at ice.mpg.de Mon Mar 1 10:14:50 1999 From: Jux at ice.mpg.de (Andreas Jux) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 15:14:50 +0000 Subject: noctuid larvae determination Message-ID: <36DAAEEA.DBA02547@ice.mpg.de> I am a chemist working at the Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology and I would like to ask if someone can help me to get species determination for caterpillars that appeared in our lab last autumn. We think they belong to the family of noctuids I put pictures of them on a internet-page at: http://vanilla.ice.mpg.de/~jux/noctuidae/main.html Maybe you can take a look at the pictures and send me your opinion by e-mail. Thank you for your efforts. Andreas Jux Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology Tatzendpromenade 1a 07745 Jena, Germany e-mail: Jux at ice.mpg.de From Harry_LeGrand at mail.enr.state.nc.us Mon Mar 1 10:27:16 1999 From: Harry_LeGrand at mail.enr.state.nc.us (Harry LeGrand) Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 10:27:16 -0500 Subject: Butterflies thru Binoc -- mis-ID photos Message-ID: <001FDE5E.----@mail.enr.state.nc.us> In my reviewing of Glassberg's new Butterflies through Binoculars: The East, I have picked up a mis-identification of a skipper photo. Plate 65, # 6, is listed as a female Yehl Skipper. It is actually a female Broad-winged Skipper. Thus, both photo #6 and #3 above it are of the same species. I was able to catch this because I have seen many Yehl Skippers, both males and females. I didn't recollect female Yehl Skippers as having any white spots above, unlike the photo. Before I go "public" with this, I checked several references that have specimens showing the upper surface. Scott's tome, Butterflies of Missouri, and Butterflies of Georgia ALL have upper female Yehl, and ALL show orange but no white spots. The female Yehl has three large and contiguous squares or blocks toward the inner margin of the FW, plus orange blocks toward the apex and the costal margin. Thus, the upper surface is orange and black/dark brown, with more orange visible than shown on photo 6, with no white. Thus, the text on page 187 is incorrect: "Female above is very similar to Broad-winged Skipper but ..." Actually, they are not similar at all, and he is using a comparison of photo 6 versus photo 3, which are of the same species. Photo 6 was taken at Dismal Swamp, VA, where the Broad-winged could certainly occur. I do recall in the Dismal Swamp article in American Butterflies, I believe the Feb. 1993 issue, that Glassberg mentioned that butterfliers were having trouble distinguishing Broad-winged and Yehl Skippers! Now I know why! In actuality, the female Yehl Skipper above looks quite a bit like the male Broad-winged Skipper. (But, I'm not saying that the male Broad-winged in photo #2 is a female Yehl. It looks like a good male Broad-winged, with the very rounded wing shape and narrow abdomen.) It also would have helped to have gotten a fresher individual for the underside photo, in photo 4. That's a fairly worn Yehl Skipper. By the way, Jeff had me review the text and black-and-white copies of the photos before publication. But, it's hard to review black-and-white photos (can't tell white from orange on such a photo). Harry Pavulaan has already pointed out to me the mis-identification of several azure photos, particularly glaring being Plate 23, #12 -- female Dusky Azure. The photo is a Silvery Blue, according to Harry P. I'll go along with him on that. It certainly doesn't show the broad black borders and pale interiors of the female Dusky Azure. Silvery blues often spread their wings when perched, whereas Celastrinas seldom do. Perhaps that is how Jeff was able to get a perched photo with wings spread -- it was a Glaucopsyche, not a Celastrina. I hate to start this nit-picking of photos in such a great book, but we need to point out errors, such that 1) there can be corrections in a next edition, and 2) people don't start calling female Broad-winged Skippers as Yehl Skippers, or all-blue azures above as female Dusky Azures. Harry LeGrand Raleigh, NC harry_legrand at mail.enr.state.nc.us From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Mon Mar 1 13:08:52 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 10:08:52 -0800 Subject: Banana Waspmoth Message-ID: Pierre Zagatti wrote: >Syntominae is not really archaic, it simply concerns an Old World >Arctiid subfamily (genera Syntomis, Dysauxes). Till recently, >Syntominae and Ctenuchinae were considered as synonyms, but >these groups are not related and now Ctenuchinae is restricted >to New World moths. Who published this revision that separated Syntomines from Ctenuchines?? Thanks for the update, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Mon Mar 1 13:45:24 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 13:45:24 EST5EDT Subject: Banana Waspmoth Message-ID: <14ACA1B4AE0@carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu> Dear Listers > Pierre Zagatti wrote: > > >Syntominae is not really archaic, it simply concerns an Old World > >Arctiid subfamily (genera Syntomis, Dysauxes). Till recently, > >Syntominae and Ctenuchinae were considered as synonyms, but > >these groups are not related and now Ctenuchinae is restricted > >to New World moths. Actually, there are a few Afro- and Indotropical ctenuchines, but these indeed represent a very small percentage of what is an extremely rich group in the Neotropics. And Doug Yanega wrote: > Who published this revision that separated Syntomines from Ctenuchines?? I'm not sure who originated this distinction, but I do know a couple of books that discuss this. One of them may be "The Lepidoptera" by Scoble -- I'll go home and check my copy. From what I understand, the syntomines are, in essence, "wasp-like" but relatively closely related to the very large subfamily of typically small arctiids, the Lithosiinae. James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From litjens at ibm.net Mon Mar 1 14:31:45 1999 From: litjens at ibm.net (Mark Litjens) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 19:31:45 +0000 Subject: Suggestions for a camera for taking butterfly photo's References: <7bbfki$d7n2$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com>, <36d969db.f3489c4d@gate.net>, <7be2ln$81le$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com> Message-ID: <36DAEB20.3217506E@ibm.net> I would like to say thank you to all those who have replied with suggestions and comments for taking photographs of butterflies. Best wishes, Mark From MWalker at gensym.com Mon Mar 1 16:43:15 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1999 16:43:15 -0500 Subject: BF Report - Los Angeles Co. Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE271@hqmail.gensym.com> To Wanda: It was nice walking with you! Here's a further update on our Saturday butterflying: After leaving Little Dalton area, the kids and I went up into San Gabriel Canyon. We stopped and investigated a wet canyon which flows into the Morris Reservoir, at about the 20 mile marker on Highway 39. After hiking and scrambling up the canyon a bit, we saw the following butterflies: Papilio rutulus (Tiger Swallowtail) - 1 Pieris rapae (Cabbage White) - 12 Anthocharis sara (Sara Orangetip) - 2 Colias eurydice (California Dogface) - 2 Callophrys augustinus (Brown Elfin) - 2 Strymon melinus (Gray Hairstreak) - 1 Leptotes marina (Marine Blue) - 1 Celastrina ladon (Spring Azure) - 8 Plebejus acmon (Acmon Blue) - 4 Philotes sonorensis (Sonoran Blue) - 8 Phyciodes mylitta (Mylitta Crescentspot) - 2 Nymphalis antiopa (Mourning Cloak) - 12 Polygonia satyrus (Satyr Anglewing) - 2 Erynnis funeralis (Funereal Duskywing) - 2 A great day, and they're getting better! Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA > Butterflies seen yesterday 2/27/99 by some/all--Mary Shepherd, Phyllis > Barry, Mark, Christian & Matt Walker, Wanda Dameron in canyons above > Glendora, Los Angeles County & approximate #'s > > Western Tiger Swallowtails - 4 > Pale Swallowtail - 8 > California Dogface - 5 - unusually good looks > Cabbage White - 8 > Sara Orangetip - 5 > (Western) Brown Elfin - 2 > (Echo Blue)Spring Azure - 2 > Acmon Blue - 1 > Mourning Cloak - 25--everywhere! in pairs, males spiraling up.... > Melitta Crescent - 12 > Satyr Comma - 2 > (Western) Milbert's Tortoiseshell - 1 > > Probable, but flybys prevented definite ID: > > California Ringlet, > 'White' Common Checkered Skipper > Painted Lady > > Note: Dalton Cyn. is closed M-F due to work on the upper dam and stream > water blocked. The latter had some impact on low # of butterflies seen > in this canyon (though didn't get there til midday). Recommend > consideration of trails in Little Dalton Cyn (next canyon west--most of > above reports) and/or Azusa cyn, plus understand Mark had some > additional sitings the previous week on trails off Glendora Mt. Rd. > > Jim Springer--in response to your query about the earlier reported > probable Fritillary, while we'll never know for certain, our conjecture > is of a rather large male Melitta Crescent. Factors that made us wonder > were the extremely early date and previously unknown in literature south > of Sierras in Kern Co., from a very well-worked butterfly area. Some > Melittas that were seen yesterday had particularly dark ventrals and in > a flyby, along with the dark orange dorsal of the males, could have > easily been mistaken for a (Western Meadow) Pacific Fritillary. > > A beautiful day in the field! > > Cheers, Wanda Dameron > Los Angeles, Calif. > > > P.S. For those butterflying in so. Calif., recommend: "Searching for > Butterflies in Southern California," from so. Cal. Audubons, Bio-Quip, > or Flutterby Press--be496 at lafn.org It has BF lists for 25 areas by > habitat, tips on location, updated NABA names, local subspecies, > foodplant section, timelines, BF count synopsis, immigrants, Lifelist, > sensitive species, etc. From bbeards at ix.netcom.com Mon Mar 1 20:46:52 1999 From: bbeards at ix.netcom.com (Brian Beard) Date: Mon, 01 Mar 1999 17:46:52 -0800 Subject: SF Sighting update Message-ID: <36DB430C.2E07@ix.netcom.com> The jump in the numbers of Butterflies in San Francisco for last weekend was great to see, but today tops it spending 30 min. or so with my first P. zelicaon of this year. Also flying here today were: 4-V. annabella 2-J. coenia and more P. rapae than I could make an acurate count of. Any other Bay Area sightings? Brian From zagatti at versailles.inra.fr Tue Mar 2 05:09:52 1999 From: zagatti at versailles.inra.fr (Pierre Zagatti) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 11:09:52 +0100 Subject: Banana Waspmoth References: Message-ID: <36DBB8F0.3A55@versailles.inra.fr> Doug Yanega wrote: > > >Who published this revision that separated Syntomines from Ctenuchines?? > >Thanks for the update, > Well, I opened in front of me the new Kristensen's book, and it seems that the situation is a little bit more complicated. I.J. Kitching and J.E. Rawlins, 1999. The Noctuoidea in N.P. Kristensen (ed.), Handbook of Zoology, Vol IV, Arthropoda, Insecta, Part 35 Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies, Vol 1: Evolution, Systematics and Biogeography, pp. 356-401. The status of taxonomic groups in Arctiidae is summarized in this book as the result of recent cladistic studies by several authors, especially Holloway in 'The Moths of Borneo'. I think that the actual structure of the family may be attributed to Kitching and Rawlins reference. Family Arctiidae (monophyletic) Subfamilies: -Lithosiinae (monophyletic but many genera have to be placed in other subfamilies) -Syntominae (monophyletic) -Arctiinae (monophyletic ?) Tribes: -Syntominae: -Syntomini -Thyretini -Arctiinae -Arctiini -Ctenuchini (paraphyletic) -Euchromiini (paraphyletic) -Pericopini (paraphyletic) -Phaegopterini (paraphyletic) -Callimorphini -Nyctemerini -Utetheisini Note that the Old World Euchromiini have been previously treated as tribe of 'Ctenuchinae' by several authors, including Holloway, but I'm not certain that all Ctenuchini as described above are from the New World. Nevertheless, the arrangement of Arctiinae remains artificial, with many paraphyletic groups. We must expect other changes soon. Have a good day, -- Pierre ZAGATTI INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques 78026 Versailles Cedex FRANCE Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ From kayoko.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp Tue Mar 2 07:12:44 1999 From: kayoko.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp (kayoko.nishihara) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 21:12:44 +0900 Subject: Banana Waspmoth Message-ID: <199903021213.VAA23512@ms4.niftyserve.or.jp> Hi, Mr. Zagatti, >I.J. Kitching and J.E. Rawlins, 1999. The Noctuoidea in N.P. Kristensen >(ed.), >Handbook of Zoology, Vol IV, Arthropoda, Insecta, Part 35 Lepidoptera, >Moths and Butterflies, Vol 1: Evolution, Systematics and Biogeography, >pp. 356-401. It sounds interesting. I would like to obtain this new book. Please tell me which publishing company or which museum published it. ------------------ Kayoko NISHIHARA 3-2-111-703, Sunadabashi, Higashiku, Nagoya, 461-0045 Japan e-mail:kayoko.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp phasmid.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp(NIFTY Insect Forum) NIFTY Insect Fourm: http://www.nifty.ne.jp/forum/fkonchu/ From MYTZ14A at prodigy.com Tue Mar 2 08:51:30 1999 From: MYTZ14A at prodigy.com (Sunsol Daniels) Date: 2 Mar 1999 13:51:30 GMT Subject: SF Sighting update References: <36db430c.2e07@ix.netcom.com> Message-ID: <7bgqd2$c6n8$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com> Brian Beard wrote: > >The jump in the numbers of Butterflies in San Francisco for last >weekend was great to see, but today tops it spending 30 min. or so with >my first P. zelicaon of this year. Also flying here today were: >4-V. annabella >2-J. coenia >and more P. rapae than I could make an acurate count of. > Any other Bay Area sightings? >Brian Brian, I saw a lady a day or two ago. Sally From justinlb at earthlink.net Tue Mar 2 09:47:55 1999 From: justinlb at earthlink.net (Justin Brown) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 09:47:55 -0500 Subject: common name lists Message-ID: <36DBFA1B.D1F1C0AE@earthlink.net> Greetings! I am wondering where one can find an up-to-date list of common names and scientific names for North American butterflies. Any tips? thanks! Justin From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 2 10:02:09 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 10:02:09 -0500 Subject: 2/20 Southern Cal Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE274@hqmail.gensym.com> Jim, Yep, I have to agree with Wanda. As I could not provide a positive ID (failed to get my net out of the car), I wanted to go back again this weekend to verify the sighting. We saw no large, orange frit-like butterflies (other than a few Polygonia), but did see very many Phyciodes mylitta (which I did not see the previous week). None of these were as large (about half the size) as the butterflies I saw last week, but after netting one and giving it a long, hard look, I had to confess that an unusually large Mylitta might have been mistaken for a Boloria. That, coupled with the fact that I did not realize the unlikelihood of the sighting until I returned home to check my literature, leads me to believe that it can safely be considered an error. All of the species sighted this week (both Wanda's and my subsequent report in San Gabriel Canyon) were id'd, save for the few that Wanda mentions in her report. Mark Walker. > -----Original Message----- > From: Jim Springer [SMTP:springer at naba.org] > Sent: Sunday, February 28, 1999 5:11 PM > To: MWalker at gensym.com > Subject: Re: 2/20 Southern Cal > > Mark, > I understand from Wanda Dameron that you were out with a group that > went > to several canyons north of LA yesterday, 2/27, butterflying. While it is > apparently not certain (what in nature is?), Wanda felt that perhaps the > 'Western' Meadow Fritillaries you saw last week may have been large male > Melitta Crescents. How do you feel about this now? I'm happy to leave > the > Meadow Fritillary sighting up but you apparently expressed a little > uncertainty at the time perhaps because of the region and timing. Your > call--please let me know. > Regards, > Jim Springer > springer at naba.org > > From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 2 10:11:45 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 10:11:45 -0500 Subject: Practical Chemical Information Sought Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE275@hqmail.gensym.com> Neil Jones responded to: > > > > Another chemical method that has hardly any odor compared to the > > napthalene/paradichlorobenzene products is to buy a Vapona (dichlorvos > > insecticide) no > > pest resin strip from a local hardware, supermarket or variety store for > about > > $6.00. The > > strips slowly release a dichlorvos vapor that is lethal to insects, but > not > > harmful to warm > > blooded animals if not abused. > > This subject has come up before and I disagree. The insectiside is > an Acetycholine-esterase inhibitor. This means that it poisons a nerve > transmitter. The effects of exposure can be clinical depression or other > mental symptoms. It is, of course,a matter of personal choice but I would > prefer not to have such substances in my living or working environment. > > Yikes! Did you have to choose those symptoms? Now you've got us all wondering. I was perfectly content with the idea that these were just personality characteristics, consequences of adolescent substance ingestion, or the result of extended radiation exposure from my Nuclear Power days. Oh well, at least you didn't include memory loss... Mark Walker From zagatti at versailles.inra.fr Tue Mar 2 09:25:40 1999 From: zagatti at versailles.inra.fr (Pierre Zagatti) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 15:25:40 +0100 Subject: Banana Waspmoth References: <199903021213.VAA23512@ms4.niftyserve.or.jp> Message-ID: <36DBF4E4.24EB@versailles.inra.fr> kayoko.nishihara wrote: > > Hi, Mr. Zagatti, > > >I.J. Kitching and J.E. Rawlins, 1999. The Noctuoidea in N.P. Kristensen > >(ed.), > >Handbook of Zoology, Vol IV, Arthropoda, Insecta, Part 35 Lepidoptera, > >Moths and Butterflies, Vol 1: Evolution, Systematics and Biogeography, > >pp. 356-401. > > It sounds interesting. I would like to obtain this new book. > Please tell me which publishing company or which museum published it. > Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York -- Pierre ZAGATTI INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques 78026 Versailles Cedex FRANCE Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ From hankb at theriver.com Tue Mar 2 11:41:03 1999 From: hankb at theriver.com (Hank & Priscilla Brodkin) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 09:41:03 -0700 Subject: common name lists References: <36DBFA1B.D1F1C0AE@earthlink.net> Message-ID: <36DC149F.CC40BD48@theriver.com> Justin Brown wrote: > > Greetings! I am wondering where one can find an up-to-date list of > common names and scientific names for North American butterflies. Any > tips? thanks! > > Justin We have had several such requests here lately. A list that is being used by more and more lepers and in the newer field guides etc. is the list of the North American Butterfly Association. Their page is http://www.naba.org/ You will find a link to their official list there. Cheers! -- Hank & Priscilla Brodkin Carr Canyon, Cochise County, AZ 31.45N, 110.27W Send Mailto:hankb at theriver.com From tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca Tue Mar 2 12:01:45 1999 From: tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca (Thomas, Tony) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 12:01:45 -0500 Subject: noctuid larvae determination Message-ID: <8DD0880D6C19D111B6DA00805FFE8CC8316E07@S2-FRE-R1.FCMR.Forestry.CA> Andreas wrote:---------- > From: Andreas Jux[SMTP:Jux at ice.mpg.de] > Subject: noctuid larvae determination > > I am a chemist working at the Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology > and I would like to ask if someone can help me to get species > determination for caterpillars that appeared in our lab last autumn. > I can't put a name on them but my guess is that they are a Lacanobia sp. (Noctuidae: Hadeninae). Tony From tshock at jps.net Tue Mar 2 15:21:48 1999 From: tshock at jps.net (Tommy D. Shockley) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 12:21:48 -0800 Subject: GLASS SWALLOWTAIL Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990302122148.0070b6cc@mailhost.mbay.net> Dear Lepsters, I just received the below message regarding a purported "Glass Swallowtail." Can anyone out there shed any light on this beastie? I've never heard of such a critter... Thanks in advance! Sheri ------------------------message follows------------------------------- I'm writing on behalf of my 7 year old daughter Jordan Shockley. Jordan is a second grade student attending Orchard Elementary School in Rio Linda, CA. For a homework assignment the teachers gave the students their choice of insects to study and write about. Jordan chose the Glass Swallowtail Butterfly to do her paper on. Her decision was based on a picture she had seen. I have been researching for "Glass Swallowtail Butterflies" on the Inet but thus far without success. However, I did find your web site and I am writing in hope that you can give us some helpful hints that will lead us to the elusive Glass Swallowtail. In awaiting your reply, we remain. Respectfully yours, Tom & Jordan Shockley tshock at jps.net From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Tue Mar 2 15:57:59 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 12:57:59 -0800 Subject: north american bfly list-NOT Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40ED3@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> got to thinking about the recent requests for NA butterfly lists and i realized that after studying butterflies for 28 years - I have never seen a North American list. what i have seen are excellent books and lists that have the words North American attached to them but which in fact deal with only two countries of the several countries that occur in north america. some even deal with butterflies of hawai - surely not part of the north american continent. if anyone knows of a real list for North America, i too would like to see such a list. another thing for newcomers to butterfly study to remember is that lists and books are usually out of date as quickly as they hit a web site or the bookstore shelf. sometimes they are out of date by many years because the authors were not aware of relevant literature (and after all no single person or small group of people can be totally on top of all the literature). generic, species and subspecies level nomenclature and taxonomy has been quite dynamic and there will be more changes to come. and even when changes have been published there will be debates among specialists who chose not to agree with the views of another worker. anyway some examples of things using the naba list (which i use regularly): add Parnassius smintheus and P. behri, delete Papilio bairdii (just a subspecies of machaon), delete Pieris napi and replace with the species Pieris oleracea, Pieris marginalis and Pieris angelika; add Euchloe naina; add Anthocharis stella; add Colias christina and Colias tyche; add Erebia mancinus, change erebia occulta to erebia anyuica, add oeneis philipi; speyeria atlantis and hesperis are distinct species, etc. i think you get the idea, we still have lots to learn and there are more people looking into butterfly names and taxonomy than in the past. regardless of a future north american list, i agree that it would be good to have a more up to date list of butterflies of canada and united states - for people like me, a list with subspecies would be ideal. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From MMintz4912 at aol.com Tue Mar 2 16:13:51 1999 From: MMintz4912 at aol.com (MMintz4912 at aol.com) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 16:13:51 EST Subject: Mounting Cases Message-ID: Does anyone know where I can get a mounting display case that measures approximately 2 feet high by 3 feet? BioQuip's biggest seems to be 1 1/2 feet high by 2 feet. Thanks in advance, Michael. From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Tue Mar 2 18:07:56 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 15:07:56 -0800 Subject: bfly conservation, western canada Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40ED7@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> those of you interested in butterfly conservation are most welcome to browse the situation for Alberta, BC and Yukon in extreme western Canada. visit the the following web site: http://owlnut.rr.ualberta.ca/~barb/butterfly.html ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From dwagner at uconnvm.uconn.edu Tue Mar 2 13:47:54 1999 From: dwagner at uconnvm.uconn.edu (David L. Wagner) Date: Tue, 2 Mar 1999 18:47:54 +0000 Subject: Summer Employment on Marth'a Vineyard Message-ID: <199903022341.SAA18223@gr.its.yale.edu> The Nature Conservancy on Martha's Vineyard is looking for a student (undergrad, grad, postdoc) to conduct insect surveys on the Vineyard this coming summer. The thrust will be on sampling for sand plain grassland and pine barren insects. Focal taxa will include butterflies, moths, dragonflies and damselflies, ants, and ground beetles (but think and read MOTHS). I have approximately $3,500 available for the project. There would be some money for supplies and travel as well. It would include free lodging. Martha's Vineyard is one of the nicest spots localities in New England and faunistically very interesting. The thrust will be to sample two new properties that are of interest to TNC as well as establish a protocol for background invertebrate monitoring on other key Nature Conservancy properties. I am especially interested in getting livestock of caterpillars for a project that I am working on, hence I am looking for someone to do considerable collecting at sheets as well as beating (for larvae). The grant would come to my lab and I would oversee the project: helping with ID's, report writing, etc. I will be away from 7-25 March. I prefer you send messages here to this email address, but if you need to move quickly you may contact me at alas at sloth.ots.ac.cr (after the 8th). ************************************************************************************* David L. Wagner U-Box 43 Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs, CT 06269 Ph. 860-486-2139; Fax 860-486-6364 From timbukt2 at excite.com Tue Mar 2 19:15:05 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 16:15:05 PST Subject: Lep Host Plants as Botanical Medicine Message-ID: <920420105.8464.379@excite.com> The integration of phytopharmacy(botanical medicine) with lepidoptera seems to me an interesting (and somewhat unexplored?) approach. Does there exist a published work that does this? This idea asks a basic question as to the relationship of certain moths and butterflies to their host plants, as well as the relation to human use of the same plants in an ethnobotanical sense. At the very least it could make for interesting lepidophile winter reading, with the answers to questions such as: "What is the name of a butterfly of the Great Dismal Swamp of America that can be found in intimate contact with a potent yet little known antiviral plant?....or..."Are there interferon-inducing plants that are hosts to silk moths, some of which are sources for interferon themselves?"...or..."What Lepidoptera species feed on a plant used in reverence in shamanic ceremonies in northest China?"...or..."How does the Army worm and the Genus Anisota figure into an approach to kidney and liver diseases?"...or..."What plant is host to a species of Sphingidae that was traded in early America by the Pawnee indians to other tribes as a medicine against venereal disease?"...etc. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From timbukt2 at excite.com Wed Mar 3 00:41:07 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 1999 21:41:07 PST Subject: Lepidopteran Sacred Geometry: Reversing Desertification Message-ID: <920439667.23923.720@excite.com> The drainage of wetlands, in conjunction with the desertification caused by the burning of fossil fuels, are the bane of the conservation lepidopterist. In recent years, part of a large tract that was once a swamp is being reclaimed, quite in connection with a lepidopterist and nature writer who lived and worked in the area. Gene Stratton-Porter, among whose 26 books is included Moths of the Limberlost, has two Indiana Historical Sites dedicated to her. At the Limberlost site, a small portion of the huge tract that was once the great Limberlost, is now slowly becoming swamp once more. This is sacred geometry in process, an event that directly opposes the avarice, greed, profound ignorance and other effects of an economic system gone berserk. (See Dan Winter's Sacred Geometry website at http://www.indra.com/danwinter/ for the essay Desertification, Patriarchy, and Hard-Making Power) A reclamation such as this, in the words of Chinese philosopher Huai Nan Tzu literally...."..moulds Heaven and Earth, and harmonizes the Yin and Yang; it divides the Four Seasons from each other and brings the Five Elements into accord. Its benign and gentle breath cherishes all things inanimate and alive, it enriches vegetation with moisture and permeates stones and metals." (Cranmer-Byng, Vision of Asia) "One day coming from work on a cuckoo nest on the banks of the Wabash, I found Bob and Molly Cotton scarlet of face, almost breathless and wailing like paid mourners of an Arabian funeral, for volume, but with heartbreaking earnestness. They had chased a moth neither ever before had seen, until reduced to this state, when it arose high, crossed over the river and was lost in Stanley Woods. Pressed for description Bob said it was "gray Scotch plaid." Molly Cotton was more definite. She strongly affirmed it was a big moth cut from a piece of her camel's hair dress. Now the dress was purchased in Cincinnati, at greater expense than I could afford really, my excuse being that it was irresistibly beautiful. The cloth was soft fine camel's hair, the background white, the plaid had broad wavy bands covering the white, and these were made up of the softest grays, half a dozen browns, almost a hint of yellow and delicate black lines. I was then and am yet convinced they pursued a Tysania zenobia, an abundant species, that I do not know of having been taken north of Georgia." (Moths of the Limberlost) "Mrs. Porter, so well known as "The Lady of the Limberlost," fearless in the wilds of nature, had always held a dread of auto accidents. She did not drive, however, she was careful in choosing those who drove for her. Mr. Cowdy had been employed by Mrs. Porter only a year. She had checked his previous driving record and found it excellent. Could Mrs. Porter's close communion with nature and the world have been sparked by this premonition of danger?...Though the daylight hours had been warm and sunny, California's evening air had chilled. Mr. Cowdy slowed down at Third Street to allow an eastbound streetcar to pass, then stepped on the accelerator. A westbound streetcar, obscured by the eastbound car, struck the sedan and hurled it approximately fify feet away. The streetcar struck the auto just back of the driver's seat. Mrs. Porter was thrown out of the car onto the pavement...The top of the auto was sheared and a complete wreck ....transfer to St. Vincent's Hospital was imperative. Mrs. Porter received all the emergency medical tretment available at the time. Mrs. Porter remained unconscious until 9:40 P.M., when death occured." (Gene Stratton-Porter: A Lovely Light, Rollin Patterson King, Chicago: Adams Press, 1979, pp. 13-15) A Gene Stratton-Porter page is located on the Internet. This coming spring and summer, I would like to visit the Limberlost Cabin, which was home to one who was a direct influence on my love for the Lepidoptera 38 years ago. Hope to see you there. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Tue Mar 2 13:58:46 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Tue, 02 Mar 99 18:58:46 GMT Subject: Practical Chemical Information Sought References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE275@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: <920401126snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> In article <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE275 at hqmail.gensym.com> MWalker at gensym.com "Mark Walker" writes: > Neil Jones responded to: > > > This subject has come up before and I disagree. The insectiside is > > an Acetycholine-esterase inhibitor. This means that it poisons a nerve > > transmitter. The effects of exposure can be clinical depression or other > > mental symptoms. It is, of course,a matter of personal choice but I would > > prefer not to have such substances in my living or working environment. > > > > > Yikes! Did you have to choose those symptoms? Now you've got us > all wondering. I was perfectly content with the idea that these were just > personality characteristics, consequences of adolescent substance ingestion, > or the result of extended radiation exposure from my Nuclear Power days. > > Oh well, at least you didn't include memory loss... > > Mark Walker Um,er, I forgot about that one.:-) -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From kayoko.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp Wed Mar 3 05:35:44 1999 From: kayoko.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp (kayoko.nishihara) Date: Wed, 03 Mar 1999 19:35:44 +0900 Subject: Banana Waspmoth Message-ID: <199903031035.TAA29559@ms4.niftyserve.or.jp> Dear Mr. Zagatti, Many thanks for your quick reply. I ordered N.P. Kristensen's new book from the European bookshop on the Internet today. I appreciate your useful information. By the way, If you need Japanese Zygaenid moths for your study of sexual pheromones, please do not hesitate to ask me. Thank you again. Kayoko Nishihara 3-2-111-703, Sunadabashi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya, 461-0045 Japan e-mail:kayoko.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp phasmid.nishihara at nifty.ne.jp NIFTY Insect Forum http://www.nifty.ne.jp/forum/fkonchu/ From sheri at butterflywings.com Wed Mar 3 10:53:21 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Wed, 03 Mar 1999 07:53:21 -0800 Subject: GLASS SWALLOWTAIL (Papilio karna carnatus) In-Reply-To: <36DCE1E9.CF3E1E21@jps.net> References: <3.0.1.32.19990302121950.00766c6c@mailhost.mbay.net> Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990303075321.007711e8@mailhost.mbay.net> A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: not available Type: text/enriched Size: 1624 bytes Desc: not available Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990303/4289a0c0/attachment.bin From kriegelr at pilot.msu.edu Wed Mar 3 16:16:52 1999 From: kriegelr at pilot.msu.edu (Robert Kriegel) Date: Wed, 03 Mar 1999 16:16:52 -0500 Subject: GLOSS (was GLASS) SWALLOWTAIL Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990303161652.00996c90@pilot.msu.edu> Sorry folks, I'm afraid I wasn't paying attention the first time this message passed through. Swallowtail butterlies in the genus Papilio, subgenus Achillides are known as GLOSS swallowtails because of their metallic blue and green wing scales. The typo threw me off. There is a good discussion of this species distribution, foodplants, and life history in "Swallowtail Butterflies of South East Asian Islands". If you are interested in what Papilio karna looks like I have a photo online at http://www.msu.edu/~kriegelr/backgrnd.htm. I have contacted the Shockleys and I'll mail Jordan a copy of the information in the above book. Bob Kriegel Dept of Entomology Michigan State University From mothman617 at aol.com Wed Mar 3 18:57:34 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 3 Mar 1999 23:57:34 GMT Subject: GLASS SWALLOWTAIL (Papilio karna carnatus) References: <3.0.1.32.19990303075321.007711e8@mailhost.mbay.net> Message-ID: <19990303185734.05062.00002583@ng-da1.aol.com> In Reply to your questions on P. karna carnatus. This butterfly and other related species within this group are called 'Gloss Swallowtails'. The larval foodplants are likely to be in the Citrus or Rue family which include Orange, Lime etc. There are many subspecies of this, each one residing on different Indonesian Islands. This one in question is native to the island of Sumatra. Others can be found in Java, Bali, Celebes(Sulawesi), Philippines and Kalimantan. Yes many gloss swallowtails are farmed. These butterfly farming programs are found throughout the world, especially in the tropical regions. The farming program gives alternatives to conserve tropical rainforests in developing nations. There are some butterfly dealers here in the U.S. who sell specimens of these butterflies at reasonable prices to collectors. A good contact would be Ianni Butterfly Enterprises in Cleveland , Ohio - search 'Ianni' on this website. If your interested. I hope I was of help. - Matthew Arey From mothman617 at aol.com Wed Mar 3 19:32:25 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 4 Mar 1999 00:32:25 GMT Subject: Types of butterflies in S. American rainforest References: <19990225181825.05082.00000209@ng-da1.aol.com> Message-ID: <19990303193225.05062.00002593@ng-da1.aol.com> The numbers of butterflies in the South American rainforest probably range in the tens of thousands of species and subspecies. sadly many of these may not even be discovered due to the reckless destruction of these rainforests. A very beautiful group of butterflies are the brillant blue Morphos and the Owl Faced Butterflies (Caligo). Also are the Metalmarks (Riodindae) and Heliconid Butterflies, sometimes refered to as 'bowties'. -Matthew Arey From mothman617 at aol.com Wed Mar 3 19:15:16 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 4 Mar 1999 00:15:16 GMT Subject: Summer Employment on Marth'a Vineyard References: <199903022341.SAA18223@gr.its.yale.edu> Message-ID: <19990303191516.05062.00002588@ng-da1.aol.com> Hello. My name is Matthew Arey. I reside in Boxford, Massachusetts. I am very interested in this job offer. Collecting insects, especially butterflies and moths has been my hobby and passion. I am quite experienced in the identifaction of lepidoptera native to our area as well as throughout North America. I have mastered numerous methods of capturing, preserving and mounting of specimens. I have an extensive collection. many of these are quite rare. I am currently a student and majoring in Forestry and Entomology. I do have an Associates degree in applied science. I have done several forestry internships in my area. I would love to spend the summer doing this type of research. Please contact me by mail or E-mail and will send resume or be available for an interview. My mailing address Mr. Matthew Arey 59 Middleton Rd. Boxford, Mass. 01921 Phone: 978-887-5266 E-Mail Mothman617 at aol.com From timbukt2 at excite.com Wed Mar 3 21:52:58 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Wed, 03 Mar 1999 18:52:58 PST Subject: Thysania agrippina Message-ID: <920515978.16294.412@excite.com> Matthew Arey's last message prompts me to ask if anyone knows the status of Thysania agrippina (Agrippa's Noctuid), supposedly the world's largest moth (in winspan) from Brazil? Also, its early stage natural history may reinforce lifestage studies in T. zenobia, a species likely to be found in the U.S. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca Thu Mar 4 08:00:54 1999 From: tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca (Thomas, Tony) Date: Thu, 4 Mar 1999 08:00:54 -0500 Subject: Moth Checklist Message-ID: <8DD0880D6C19D111B6DA00805FFE8CC8316E08@S2-FRE-R1.FCMR.Forestry.CA> Parks Canada has recently published: "Biodiversity Survey of the Moths of Fundy National Park: I: A Checklist of Macromoths of Fundy National Park and its Greater Ecosystem" by A.W. Thomas, Jim Edsall and Douglas Clay. Parks Canada-Technical Reports in Ecosystem Science, Report 017, December 1998. 33 pp. Copies should be available from: Fundy National Park Dept. of Canadian Heritage PO Box 40 Alma New Brunswick E0A 1B0 CANADA Dr. A.W. Thomas Research Scientist Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre Natural Resources Canada PO Box 4000, Stn. A Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7 e-mail: tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca 'phone (506) 452-3523 FAX (506) 452-3525 Giant Silkmoth website: http://atl.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/fbn/md/family_e.html Illustrated Checklist of Fundy National Park Moths website: http://atl.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/fbn/md/family-s_e.html From scarab at webnet.qc.ca Thu Mar 4 12:39:59 1999 From: scarab at webnet.qc.ca (scarab) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 17:39:59 GMT Subject: north american bfly list-NOT References: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40ED3@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Message-ID: <36DEC6F9.2F60@webnet.qc.ca> Hi everybody, If you are looking for a very good publication on eastern north american butterflies and moths I suggest you the new book by Handfied et all (1998). It is a complete listing of the species occuring in the province of Quebec (Canada) deal with around 2500 species from eastern america. The systematic is very good. The publication is available trough the Association des Entomologistes Amateurs du Quebec (they have a web site). The publication is in french but the listening are in latin. It is very good, Martin HARDY Quebec, CANADA From martin at kitenet.freeserve.co.uk Thu Mar 4 14:17:14 1999 From: martin at kitenet.freeserve.co.uk (Martin Harvey) Date: Thu, 4 Mar 1999 19:17:14 -0000 Subject: rearing leafminers References: Message-ID: <7bmmek$hg0$1@news6.svr.pol.co.uk> Nick's suggestions agree with my experience, the only thing I would add is that keeping mined leaves over some Sphagnum moss can help stop mould developing - something in the Sphagnum has an antiseptic effect. Maitland Emmet provides valuable advice on rearing leaf-miners in "Breeding Butterflies and Moths, a practical handbook for British and European species" edited by Emmet from Ekkehard Friedrich's original (Emmet's edition is published by Harley Books, ISBN 0-946589-11-9). Martin Harvey Moth Conservation Officer Butterfly Conservation (UK, Upper Thames Branch) martin at kitenet.freeserve.co.uk From martin at kitenet.freeserve.co.uk Thu Mar 4 14:22:41 1999 From: martin at kitenet.freeserve.co.uk (Martin Harvey) Date: Thu, 4 Mar 1999 19:22:41 -0000 Subject: Noctua janthe/janthina References: <36CEE2AC.7159@wxs.nl> Message-ID: <7bmn1o$hub$1@news6.svr.pol.co.uk> As far as I know the original reference for this split was as follows: Mentzer, E. von, Moberg, A. and Fibiger, M. 1991. Noctua janthina (Denis & Schiffermuller) sensu auctorum a complex of three species. Nota Lepidoptera 14(1): 25-40. I don't have a copy of the paper itself. The third species, Noctua tertia, is apparently confined to south-east Europe. Martin Harvey Moth Conservation Officer Butterfly Conservation (UK, Upper Thames Branch) martin at kitenet.freeserve.co.uk From sheri at butterflywings.com Thu Mar 4 16:03:13 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 13:03:13 -0800 Subject: Gene Stratton-Porter In-Reply-To: <199903040501.AAA01328@gr.its.yale.edu> Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990304130313.0071fab4@mailhost.mbay.net> A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: not available Type: text/enriched Size: 1575 bytes Desc: not available Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990304/30835207/attachment.bin From spruance at infinet.com Thu Mar 4 17:34:36 1999 From: spruance at infinet.com (Eric or Pat Metzler) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 17:34:36 -0500 Subject: Gene Stratton-Porter References: <3.0.1.32.19990304130313.0071fab4@mailhost.mbay.net> Message-ID: <36DF0A7C.6C92@infinet.com> Sheri, Interesting. One of the reasons Porter's books are so expensive is the mania about her in the heartland. When shopping for a copy of "Moths of the Limberlost" you are competing with all the other Gene Stratton-Porter aficionados out there, and there are a lot of them. One dealer in Indiana told me that her books are some of the most collectible books around here (I'm in Ohio). $100.00 is a cheap price for any of her books now. Too bad. Cheers, Eric Sheri Moreau wrote: > > Charles Gavette wrote a moving email on one of my most favorite > authors, and the woman who is directly responsible for getting me > involved in Lepidoptera. As a child, I inherited my grandmother's copy > of GSP's "A Girl of the Limberlost" and have read it at least once > annually ever since. Have also managed to obtain a number of her other > books, although an affordable copy of "The Moths of the Limberlost" > has thus far eluded me. > > I've always been curious as to whether she changed the spelling of her > name from "Jean/Jeanne" to the masculine form "Gene" to increase her > book sales, as so many other early women writers were forced to do > (George Sand, for example). > > I was unaware of how Gene died. How bizarre that like our local > naturalist celebrity here in Monterey, CA, "Doc" Ed Ricketts, it was > as a result of a senseless, easily avoidable accident (Ed's car was > hit by a train while he was on a beer run for some friends who'd > dropped by his Lab). > > At any rate, Charles, could you please share the URL for the page you > mentioned? I didn't realize Indiana had "shrines" to her memory, and > now foresee a trip to the midlands in my near future! And to think I > spent years of my life only 50 miles from Indiana!!! > > Thanks again for the info! > > Sheri > > >>>> > > A Gene Stratton-Porter page is located on the > Internet. This coming spring and summer, I would like to > visit the > Limberlost Cabin, which was home to one who was a direct > influence on my > love for the Lepidoptera 38 years ago. Hope to see you > there. From sheri at butterflywings.com Thu Mar 4 18:02:20 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 15:02:20 -0800 Subject: Moths of the Limberlost Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990304150220.007140c4@mailhost.mbay.net> Well, I just Searched for Gene Stratton-Porter, and went thru the Indiana State Historical website on her. Couple of broken links, most notably the biography of the author/artist. Also, the museum shop is closed until May. I was stunned to see that The Moths of the Limberlost was only $39.95!!! I did a nationwide book search for the book less than a year ago, and got prices ranging from $150 to $350 depending on printing and condition. So, I went to Amazon.com, and the book is available there (obviously a reprint) for only $25.95. Unfortunately, the drawings and photos are missing, as noted in this partial review from the Amazon.com site: "Gene Stratton-Porter, 1863-1924, was a naturalist, photographer, and writer. This book is derived from her "Moths of the Limberlost, with water color and photographic illustrations from life" published in 1912 by Doubleday, Page, and company. This brings me to my one objection to the book. It has no pictures! The original book contains 106 of her photographs including 20 that were hand colored. The pictures include moths, their eggs, caterpillars, cocoons, and pupa cases, along with pictures of their food plants and the environment in which they are found. While photography of her day did not produce nature pictures of the quality we expect today, they are, never-the-less, an integral part of the work. I was very disappointed to find them missing. On a minor note, five verses quoted in the original book are not in this one. Otherwise, the text does appear to be intact except perhaps for a few references to illustrations." reviewed by Ken from Concord, California USA So, I'm still in search of a "real" version of the book, sigh. Sheri Sheri Moreau The Butterfly Conservancy, Carmel, California email: From timbukt2 at excite.com Thu Mar 4 22:45:14 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 19:45:14 PST Subject: Stratton-Porter URL Message-ID: <920605514.11579.496@excite.com> Try this URL at http://our.tentativetimes.net/porter/bigtourb.html _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From timbukt2 at excite.com Thu Mar 4 23:14:31 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 20:14:31 PST Subject: Thysania agrippina Message-ID: <920607271.5127.188@excite.com> Thanks, Chris, for the info. The site at http:www.kn-online.de/htm/dauer/freizeit/tierparks/c-friedr.htm states that it has a wingspan of 32 cm. (See under 'Der GroBte'). It is a shame that nothing seems known of its life cycle. It also seems that there is no reproduction of the world's largest moth available on the internet. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From timbukt2 at excite.com Fri Mar 5 01:55:33 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Thu, 04 Mar 1999 22:55:33 PST Subject: Stratton-Porter site and the original book Message-ID: <920616933.4651.879@excite.com> I have access to an original copy of Moths of the Limberlost. I think that the look and feel of the original, resonates with just enough nostalgia to render it incomparable. In addition to the deleted text and pictures that are found in the new editions, her reference to someday wishing to find Erebus odora(The Black Witch) does not seem to be there, either. I will re-check this, though. The Limberlost Cabin site at Geneva, Indiana, opens on Wednesday, March 10, 1999. The URL http://our.tentativetimes.net/porter/bigtourb.html is navigable to other links. Over the fields, in his franke lustiness, And all the champaine o're he soared light; And all the countrey wide he did possesse, Feeding upon their pleasures bounteouslie, That none gainsaid, nor none did him envie. (Spenser "Muiopotmos") _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From mqnature at hiline.net Fri Mar 5 02:11:27 1999 From: mqnature at hiline.net (Mike Quinn) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 01:11:27 -0600 Subject: Butterflies on one bush - South Texas Message-ID: TX: Cameron Co., Olmito 3 March 1999 Cate & Quinn We observed the following butterflies on a SINGLE plant in little over an hour: Giant White - 1, best lep of the day Great Southern White - 1 Lyside Sulphur - 1 Gulf Fritillary - 1 Texan Crescent - many, all conditions Red Admiral - 1, very worn Vesta Crescent - 2 Pearl Crescent - many fresh individuals attempting to mate Queen - 2 Carolina Satyr - actually nectaring, must be a good plant Fiery Skipper - many Laviana Skipper - 1 Checkered Skipper sp. - 1 Southern Skipperling - 2 Funereal Duskywing - 1 Mazans Sootywing - 1 Teleus Longtail - 3 Southern Broken-Dash - many fresh individuals attempting to mate a Green Darner even hung briefly from a flower as if nectaring!!! There were so many butterflies that they kept running into each other making photography most difficult. It was like fall revisited!!! And the plant was, drum roll please ... *Eupatorium incarnatum* Mike -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Mike Quinn North American Butterfly Association - South Texas 1708 Hunt Ave. Donna, TX 78537-2924 NABA-SOTX: http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabast/index.html From orlando.muyshondt at skynet.be Fri Mar 5 05:28:02 1999 From: orlando.muyshondt at skynet.be (Orlando Muyshondt) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 11:28:02 +0100 Subject: JENKINS D.W. - NEOTROPICAL NYMPHALIDAE Message-ID: <7bob28$8vu$1@news1.skynet.be> We have been unable to obtain Jenkins D.W. 1983 Neotropical Nymphalidae I. Revision of Hamadryas. Bull. Allyn Mus. 81: 1-146. Our interest is info on Hamadryas glauconome, early stages and adults would appreciate short extract for publication purposes credit will be given to goodwilling person. Muyshondt. From zagatti at versailles.inra.fr Fri Mar 5 05:09:07 1999 From: zagatti at versailles.inra.fr (Pierre Zagatti) Date: Fri, 05 Mar 1999 11:09:07 +0100 Subject: Thysania agrippina References: <920607271.5127.188@excite.com> Message-ID: <36DFAD43.45B8@versailles.inra.fr> Charles Gavette wrote: > > Thanks, Chris, for the info. The site at > http:www.kn-online.de/htm/dauer/freizeit/tierparks/c-friedr.htm states that > it has a wingspan of 32 cm. (See under 'Der GroBte'). It is a shame that > nothing seems known of its life cycle. It also seems that there is no > reproduction of the world's largest moth available on the internet. > OK Charles, I've put two images of Thysania agrippina on the web (thysania.jpg = 146 Ko, thysani2.jpg = 50 Ko) at http://www.inra.fr/papillon/thysania.jpg http://www.inra.fr/papillon/thysani2.jpg It is an old picture we made from a _small_ thysania from French Guyana. Its wingspan is 25 cm only, but we had to take two contiguous photographs to fit on our video system ! By the way, I've found an image at http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/Diversity/Family37.htm -- Pierre ZAGATTI INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques 78026 Versailles Cedex FRANCE Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ From jsmith at snarkle.barf Fri Mar 5 09:43:46 1999 From: jsmith at snarkle.barf (Verinet) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 07:43:46 -0700 Subject: Butterflies on one bush - South Texas References: Message-ID: I am green with envy. It snowed last night here in Colorado. Mike Quinn wrote in message ... >TX: Cameron Co., >Olmito >3 March 1999 >Cate & Quinn > >We observed the following butterflies on a SINGLE plant in little over an hour: > <*lots* of butterflies snipped> From Mike.Tough at tesco.net Fri Mar 5 10:26:53 1999 From: Mike.Tough at tesco.net (Mike Tough) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 15:26:53 -0000 Subject: Breeding butterflies as a hobby - UK Message-ID: <7bot3t$la4$1@barcode.tesco.net> Some time ago (1970's) I had a hobby of breeding a wide range of butterflies and moths. As well as locally collected specimens, I used to send away to a UK company (Worldwide Butterflies - I think) for eggs/pupae of more exotic species. Since then, my involvement has lapsed, but my 8 year old son is now very keen on pursuing the same hobby. I am now looking for any UK companies that can supply eggs/pupae. Can anybody suggest any companies that do this? From timbukt2 at excite.com Fri Mar 5 11:19:45 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Fri, 05 Mar 1999 08:19:45 PST Subject: T. agrippina Message-ID: <920650785.227.920@excite.com> Thanks so much to both Pierre and Chris. These images could be scaled precisely, laminated and used to show in the classroom or elsewhere. Certainly someone has done this technique. It should be a wonderful way for kids as well as adults to get the actual feel of their size in nature, and the resolution is great. For what it is worth, the folks at Southern Illinois University have developed and given mycology teachers a way for students to easily handle preserved higher fungi. It is a paraplast process whereby highly-refined wax is infiltrated into fungal tissue via tertiary butyl alcohol, replacing the water in the fungal cell. I have done this process with morels(Morchella esculenta), and they came out looking as if they had just been plucked from the soil. As long as the storage is cool and dry, they remain thus for a long time. It is said, though, that color loss will occur in more colorful species. Thanks again for the marvelous photos and the responses. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From venters at interalpha.co.uk Fri Mar 5 13:21:11 1999 From: venters at interalpha.co.uk (Nigel Venters) Date: 5 Mar 99 18:21:11 GMT Subject: Breeding butterflies as a hobby - UK References: <7bot3t$la4$1@barcode.tesco.net> Message-ID: <01be65fb$6c496aa0$35e11ac3@e5q5n1> Hi Mike, Things have moved on a lot since the 1970's and there is a huge range of livestock available now in the UK. Have a look at the ELG website (Entomological Livestock Group.) UK based, at http://home.clara.net/pwbelg/ A good contact also is : Nigel South, Butterfly Connections, Breeding Centre, Silver Street, Misterton, Somerset TA18 8NH England. E-Mail nigel at leslie-south.freeserve.co.uk. This guy has an amazing range of livestock available throughout the year. Nigel Venters Mike Tough wrote in article <7bot3t$la4$1 at barcode.tesco.net>... > Some time ago (1970's) I had a hobby of breeding a wide range of butterflies > and moths. As well as locally collected specimens, I used to send away to a > UK company (Worldwide Butterflies - I think) for eggs/pupae of more exotic > species. > > Since then, my involvement has lapsed, but my 8 year old son is now very > keen on pursuing the same hobby. > > I am now looking for any UK companies that can supply eggs/pupae. Can > anybody suggest any companies that do this? > > > > > From MatSmith1 at compuserve.com Fri Mar 5 16:14:16 1999 From: MatSmith1 at compuserve.com (Matthew Smith) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 16:14:16 -0500 Subject: Breeding butterflies as a hobby - UK Message-ID: <199903051614_MC2-6CE7-70DD@compuserve.com> Message text written by INTERNET:Mike.Tough at tesco.net >Some time ago (1970's) I had a hobby of breeding a wide range of butterflies and moths. As well as locally collected specimens, I used to send away to a UK company (Worldwide Butterflies - I think) for eggs/pupae of more exotic species. < Worldwide Butterflies are still about at pretty much the same place and they still advertise in the AES Bulletin, though they now have a web site. Worldwide Butterflies Sherbourne Dorset DT9 4QN 01935 454 608. www.wwb.co.uk. Apart from WWB, there dont seem to be as many as many mail order companies for livestock as there used to be, however, over recent years there has been an increase in the range of livestock available from smaller private breeders at entomological exhibitions. The Amateur Entomologists Exhibition takes place in early Oct, for the last few years it has been held at Kempton Park Racecourse in London. They now have a childrens section (the AES bug club) and you can get individual or family membership More info at www.theaes.org. If you live within travelling range of Kettering, the spring Midlands Entomological Fair (+ spiders and herps) takes place at Kettering Leisure Village on 21st March. Ther is ususally a good range of livestock available. Regards Matt From MFricano at scu.edu Fri Mar 5 19:20:33 1999 From: MFricano at scu.edu (Marian Fricano) Date: Fri, 05 Mar 1999 16:20:33 -0800 Subject: Prospect of S.F. Butterfly Park Message-ID: For those who are interested in the possibility of a Butterfly Park in San Francisco, there is an article today in the San Francisco Chronicle. it is in the Opinion section under Open Forum. It was written by Paul R. Ehrlich in support. There is a dissenting article following it about the proposed site being kept as "open space". Marian From mqnature at hiline.net Fri Mar 5 20:48:21 1999 From: mqnature at hiline.net (Mike Quinn) Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 19:48:21 -0600 Subject: NABA Butterfly Park to be in South Texas Message-ID: The North American Butterfly Association (NABA) is creating the premier butterfly gardens in the world, tentatively to be called NABA Butterfly Park, to be located on approximately 100 acres of land fronting the Rio Grande River in Mission, Texas. But, we need your help to make it a reality! For more information, please access NABA's Web Page: http://www.naba.org/nababp.html -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Mike Quinn North American Butterfly Association - South Texas 1708 Hunt Ave. Donna, TX 78537-2924 NABA-SOTX: http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabast/index.html From Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net Sat Mar 6 08:29:16 1999 From: Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net (Barrie Harwood) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 13:29:16 -0000 Subject: LEPS Livestock List Message-ID: <7bragk$cao$1@barcode.tesco.net> Does anybody out there have the details of how to subscibe to this list ? I've changed ISP's and have lost the details I once had Thanks in advance Barrie From mqnature at hiline.net Sat Mar 6 08:42:41 1999 From: mqnature at hiline.net (Mike Quinn) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 07:42:41 -0600 Subject: NABA Butterfly Park in South Texas - Full Text Message-ID: Dear Leps-L, Here is the full text of the North American Butterfly Association's (NABA) proposal for a world class butterfly garden to be built in the Lower Rio Grande Valley: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- Come Join With NABA in Creating NABA Butterfly Park a spectacular natural garden and landscape that will be of important benefit to Butterflies An Endangered Ecosystem People The North American Butterfly Association (NABA) is creating the premier butterfly gardens in the world, tentatively to be called NABA Butterfly Park, to be located on approximately 100 acres of land fronting the Rio Grande River in Mission, Texas. But, we need your help to make it a reality! This land, just east of Bentsen-Rio Grande State Park, is being donated to NABA by Bentsen-Palms, LLP. The land donation is contingent upon NABA raising $500,000 to begin actualizing the project. Your donation to NABA will be an important contribution to making our world just a little bit better. Donors of $100, or more, will be given free life-time admission to NABA Butterfly Park! Donors of $1000, or more, will be recognized, by having their name permanently displayed (unless you wish otherwise) in the Visitors' Center to be constructed at the Park. Opportunities exist for naming structures and gardens at the Park. The Park will be designed to ensure its attractiveness to the general public as well as to butterfliers and birders. NABA Butterfly Park will be the first major outdoor butterfly garden and habitat. NABA Butterfly Park will quickly becomes an important destination for Butterfliers Ecotourists Family groups searching for interesting and educational outings Residents of the Lower Rio Grande Valley NABA Butterfly Park will include the following attractions and benefits: Lower Rio Grande Valley woodland is one of the most endangered ecosystems in the United States. NABA Butterfly Park will be an important link in the wildlife corridor along the Rio Grande River that is being created by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The Lower Rio Grande Valley contains the most diverse butterfly fauna in the United States. The re-creation of native Lower Rio Grande Valley woodland coupled with native flower gardens will ensure that NABA Butterfly Park is far and away the best location in the Lower Rio Grande Valley to find butterflies. Spectacular flower gardens will encourage vast concentrations of butterflies, providing explosive color and movement throughout the year. The presence of thriving populations of exotic and beautiful butterflies that are rarely seen in the United States will make NABA Butterfly Park the most desired destination for butterfliers. An enchanting riverwalk along the Rio Grande River, meandering through the open flower gardens and then along the river edge of the woodlands, will prove to be irresistible to visitors. The woodlands and flower gardens will also be highly attractive to birds, and we will encourage their presence by the liberal use of feeders. We anticipate that NABA Butterfly Park will become a must-visit location for birders traveling to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. An open air flight cage will ensure that visitors are able to interact closely with butterflies. The major North American education center about butterflies will contain displays and interactive exhibits that will be designed to provide exciting and educational experiences for both the general public and more advanced butterfliers. A special area of concentration will be children's education. As an important tourist attraction, NABA Butterfly Park will provide important economic benefits to the people of the Lower Rio Grande Valley, while providing a wholesome and healthful educational and recreational resource. Plan Development A plan will be developed that will incorporate the following elements: Siting and design of a visitor center. In addition to providing space for displays and interactive exhibits, this building will also house a sales office and offices for the NABA Butterfly Park staff. It will be designed so that expansion is easily achieved. The initial size of the facility will be approximately 4500 square feet. The re-creation of Lower Rio Grande Valley woodland, especially planted on approximately 50 acres and managed to provide habitat for scores of butterfly species. Special plantings throughout the woodlands will encourage the creation of populations of rare butterflies. As one of many possible examples, crackers are large, interesting, tropical butterflies that occasionally populate the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Since their caterpillars feed only on plants in the genus Dalechampia, we will plant native Dalechampias to encourage the formation of resident populations. Interpretive signs will we placed along trails through the woodlands and benches will be positioned by woodland openings, especially productive sites for butterflies. The creation of open butterfly gardens, using native plants chosen for their attractiveness to adult butterflies, their usefulness as foodplants for caterpillars, and for their aesthetic desirability to people. Beautifully designed plant groupings will lead visitors through the gardens. Again, a key feature will be the presence of plants designed to establish populations of butterflies. For example, we will plant Cassias, beautiful ornamental plants with attractive yellow flowers. Cassias also are the caterpillar foodplants for a number of sulphurs, very large, eye-catching butterflies that are colored in vivid oranges and yellows. We will also use more specialized plants for particular butterflies, such as Bernardia myricaefolia, in the hope of establishing a population of Lacey's Scrub-Hairstreak. The siting of paths and trailways through the garden. A special attraction of the Park will be a riverwalk along the Rio Grande River. The riverwalk will wend its way through beautiful flower gardens filled with clouds of butterflies along the bank of the river. Inviting benches will be positioned at strategic points along the riverwalk. Interpretive signs, in English and Spanish, will allow people to identify the butterflies and plants they see, as well as explain many facets of butterfly natural history. Visitors will be able to see across the river and imagine the incoming flights of exotic butterflies and birds moving northward from Mexico. The creation of a small wetland area, involving a pond, and perhaps a small stream, to create habitat for some wetland-loving plants and butterflies. The construction of irrigation facilities, to ensure the health of the gardens during the worst periods of drought. We strongly believe that increasing the public's awareness and enjoyment of butterflies, and fostering the growth of butterflying, will directly result in increased resources becoming available for the conservation of important natural communities. Butterflying creates important new constituencies that have a stake in conservation. Please help us make NABA Butterfly Park a reality. Please send you tax-deductible donation to: NABA, 4 Delaware Rd., Morristown, NJ 07960. If you include written instruction saying "please return my donation to me if NABA Butterfly Park is not created by Dec. 31, 2000," we will honor your request. 4 Mar 1999 http://www.naba.org/nababp.html -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Mike Quinn North American Butterfly Association - South Texas 1708 Hunt Ave. Donna, TX 78537-2924 NABA-SOTX: http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabast/index.html From Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net Sat Mar 6 11:23:40 1999 From: Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net (Barrie Harwood) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 16:23:40 -0000 Subject: Brahmaea ssp Message-ID: <7brku9$a3s$1@epos.tesco.net> Doea nybody out there have or know where I can get some livestock, (preferably pupae), of any Brahmaea species. Thanks in advance Barrie Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net From MJRHEALY at compuserve.com Sat Mar 6 12:01:58 1999 From: MJRHEALY at compuserve.com (m healy) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 12:01:58 -0500 Subject: suspend Message-ID: <199903061202_MC2-6CF6-AA94@compuserve.com> set leps-l mail postpone From Amazon009 at aol.com Sat Mar 6 12:49:56 1999 From: Amazon009 at aol.com (Amazon009 at aol.com) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 12:49:56 EST Subject: Seitz Vol. 5 Message-ID: <977c4bf6.36e16ac4@aol.com> I would like to purchase Macrolepidoptera of the World, Vol. 5 text and Vol. 5 Plates, by Seitz. If anyone has a copy for sale or a lead as to where to find this volume, please contact me directly. Thanks, Jim Hanlon Amazon009 at aol.com From be496 at lafn.org Sat Mar 6 06:03:54 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Sat, 06 Mar 1999 11:03:54 +0000 Subject: LA-NABA Web Page Up--Info 4 ALL References: <36DFFD61.217D7EBF@earthlink.net> Message-ID: <36E10B9A.93839CB7@lafn.org> Dear Bob Cullen (LA-NABA) & Jim Springer (NABA) WOW!!! You really DID A WONDERFUL JOB in putting all that material together and presenting it so beautifully too!!! I'm REALLY IMPRESSED! Know it must have taken enormous amount of time and effort. MANY KUDOS TO YOU for ALL YOUR WORK!!! Dear Friends: Please enjoy: http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabala/index.htm Not only is it a wonderful resource for all of us locals, it shares valuable contact and resource information for other butterflies throughout the country. It will be especially helpful to area novices and visitors. Even has humor too--see "Gallery" :):):) Cheers, Wanda Dameron LANABA V.P. Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. be496 at lafn.org From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Sat Mar 6 15:25:16 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Sat, 6 Mar 1999 12:25:16 -0800 Subject: Seitz Vol. 5 Message-ID: >I would like to purchase Macrolepidoptera of the World, Vol. 5 text and Vol. 5 >Plates, by Seitz. If anyone has a copy for sale or a lead as to where to find >this volume, please contact me directly. You might be interested to know that Tadeusz Zatwarnicki (ZATWAR at EKONOM.AR.WROC.PL) is in the process of converting Seitz into CD-rom format, which could conceivably be the answer to the prayers of a lot of us who would like access to these works, though I believe he's having trouble finding the english-text versions. An estimated price of 45 bucks per volume is still potentially worth waiting for. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From butrfly at epix.net Sat Mar 6 18:26:21 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Sat, 06 Mar 1999 15:26:21 -0800 Subject: SET LEPS-L MAIL Message-ID: <36E1B99D.561C@epix.net> SET LEPS-L MAIL From j_calo at ix.netcom.com Sat Mar 6 20:25:26 1999 From: j_calo at ix.netcom.com (j_calo at ix.netcom.com) Date: Sun, 07 Mar 1999 01:25:26 GMT Subject: butterfly gardens NC Message-ID: <7bski2$s4a$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> I will be at Duke University in North Carolina this summer. Can anyone recommend any butterfly gardens, displays, etc. within a 2 hour drive? Please respond to my email address. Thank you. -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From hannu at jaguar.eea.eu.int Sun Mar 7 03:50:02 1999 From: hannu at jaguar.eea.eu.int (Hannu Saarenmaa) Date: Sun, 07 Mar 1999 09:50:02 +0100 Subject: Noctua janthe/janthina References: <36CEE2AC.7159@wxs.nl> Message-ID: <36E23DBA.2E790025@jaguar.eea.eu.int> On janthina, the black margin of the rearwing is much broader than in janthe. One can even say that there is more black colour in the rearwing than yellow. Also cilia has some black taint in front part of the rearwing. There is a picture in Peter Skou's Danish language book "Nordens ugler". Hannu Saarenmaa Date Lutterop wrote: > > Recently, Noctua janthina was split into Noctua janthina and Noctua > janthe. Who can tell me the difference between the two species? ... From Troubleatmill at btinternet.com Sun Mar 7 05:17:06 1999 From: Troubleatmill at btinternet.com (Graham Dixon) Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 10:17:06 -0000 Subject: Help Message-ID: <000201be688b$b4865d40$92e9abc3@default> Could someone please explain how I can unsubscribe from Leps list KEEP MUSIC LIVE Graham Dixon http://www.btinternet.com/~troubleatmill -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990307/42172edb/attachment.html From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Sun Mar 7 08:37:34 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Sun, 07 Mar 99 13:37:34 GMT Subject: Palm butterfly? Message-ID: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot think of one. Can anyone help me? -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From MYTZ14A at prodigy.com Sun Mar 7 09:04:59 1999 From: MYTZ14A at prodigy.com (Sunsol Daniels) Date: 7 Mar 1999 14:04:59 GMT Subject: San Francisco Butterfly Discovery Park Message-ID: <7bu12b$av6i$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com> Thanks to whoever posted about the editorial in yesterday's Chronical. The controversy is over whether to leave the area as open space (wino park?) or use it as a butterfly house and theme park. I don't see why there should be any question... Sally From aa6g at aa6g.org Sun Mar 7 10:51:04 1999 From: aa6g at aa6g.org (Chuck Vaughn) Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 07:51:04 -0800 Subject: Trogonoptera or Troides Message-ID: Can anyone tell me if Trogonoptera has been changed to Troides? TIA, Chuck Vaughn From springer at naba.org Sun Mar 7 11:44:31 1999 From: springer at naba.org (Jim Springer) Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 11:44:31 -0500 Subject: Palm butterfly? In-Reply-To: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: Hello Neil, According to James Scott's "The Butterflies of North America", Asbolis capucinus has the common name of Palm Skipper (The Monk). NABA uses the name Monk Skipper. Cheers, Jim Springer springer at naba.org (At 1:37 PM +0000 3/7/99, Neil Jones wrote: >I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. >Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly >which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot >think of one. Can anyone help me? > > >-- >Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ >"At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the >butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog >National Nature Reserve From mothman617 at aol.com Sun Mar 7 12:44:03 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 7 Mar 1999 17:44:03 GMT Subject: growing butterflies in israel References: <19990221063420.22945.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: <19990307124403.14377.00003350@ng18.aol.com> It may be possible to try and grow plants that will tolerate the environmental conditions there. This will give you an immediate food source for larvae and possibly introduce small breeding populations of native wild species. From mothman617 at aol.com Sun Mar 7 12:49:33 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 7 Mar 1999 17:49:33 GMT Subject: growing butterflies in israel References: <19990221063420.22945.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: <19990307124933.14377.00003355@ng18.aol.com> The types of butterflies should be those native to the Middle East or Sub-Saharan regions of Africa. I have myself visited the Middle East. In Bahrain for example I had collected several specimens of D. chrysippus, Papilio demolius,Vanessa cardui, several Colotis, Lycaenidae and Hesperidae. From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Sun Mar 7 14:41:31 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 03:41:31 +0800 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: <36E2D66B.6EB97833@hkusua.hku.hk> Hi Neil, I'll take a look in the Southern Africa literature. There are several moth species which are associated with palms and cycads and there is also (if I recall correctly) a Hesperiid or two. Here in Hong Kong, there is a skipper known as the Palm Bob - I'll see what this has to do with palms. back later, Roger. Neil Jones wrote: > I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. > Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly > which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot > think of one. Can anyone help me? > > -- > Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ > "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the > butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog > National Nature Reserve -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 879 bytes Desc: Card for Roger C. KENDRICK Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/4ecb7de5/attachment.vcf From mothman at nbnet.nb.ca Sun Mar 7 15:05:45 1999 From: mothman at nbnet.nb.ca (mothman) Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 16:05:45 -0400 Subject: Fw: Unknown moth Message-ID: <003c01be68d6$fe330880$8cfaa4c6@mothman> Hi fellow moth enthusiasts I am seeking confirmation of Stretchia plusiaeformis. I photographed this specimen near Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, in April of last year. The only image of this species I have seen is in the Ontario Cutworm book (Rockburne & Lafontaine, Fig. 169); they give a locality of north-central Ontario. Forbes also gives north-central Ontario and then Alberta and west. If this specimen is plusiaeformis then it's about 2,000 Km east of known records!! There is one record in the Lep. Soc. Season Summary: Laramie, Wyoming. If not plusiaeformis, then what? Thanks Tony http://personal.nbnet.nb.ca/mothman/unknown.html From be496 at lafn.org Sun Mar 7 06:05:10 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Sun, 07 Mar 1999 11:05:10 +0000 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: <36E25D66.630B3CEB@lafn.org> Dear Neil, A number of butterflies & skippers in the neotropics are associated with palm, but don't know of any common names currently using the word palm. Aiedes dysoni for awhile had the common name of Silver-spotted Palm-Skipper. The Owl butterflies can often be seen on and near palms at twilight. Cheers, Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. USA Neil Jones wrote: > > I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. > Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly > which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot > think of one. Can anyone help me? > > -- > Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ > "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the > butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog > National Nature Reserve From be496 at lafn.org Sun Mar 7 07:26:06 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Sun, 07 Mar 1999 12:26:06 +0000 Subject: [Fwd: LA-NABA Web Page Up--Info 4 ALL] Message-ID: <36E2705E.55035FAE@lafn.org> Am resending this kick-backed message as server said too many > addressees... My apologies to anyone that may have received it > previously. > > Dear Bob Cullen (LA-NABA) & Jim Springer (NABA) > > WOW!!! You really DID A WONDERFUL JOB in putting all that material > together and presenting it so beautifully too!!! I'm REALLY > IMPRESSED! Know it must have taken enormous amount of time and effort. > MANY KUDOS TO YOU for ALL YOUR WORK!!! > > > Dear Butterfliers: > > Please enjoy: http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabala/index.htm > > Not only is it a wonderful resource for all of us locals, it shares > valuable contact and resource information for other butterflies > throughout the country. It will be especially helpful to area novices > and visitors. Even has humor too--see "Gallery" :):):) > > Cheers, > > Wanda Dameron > LANABA V.P. > > Flutterby Press > > Los Angeles, Calif. > > be496 at lafn.org From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Sun Mar 7 16:08:49 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 05:08:49 +0800 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> <36E2D66B.6EB97833@hkusua.hku.hk> Message-ID: <36E2EAE1.D8C1E6CF@hkusua.hku.hk> Hi Neil, from South Africa:- Henning, et al., 1997: Zophopetes dysmephila (Trimen, 1868) [Hesperiidae; Hesperiinae], Palm-tree Nightfighter. f/p: Phoenix reclinata P.dactylifera P.canariensis Cocos sp. Borassus sp. Raphia sp. Chrysalidocarpus lutescens all are Arecaceae - Palmae. Under the generic entry for Zophopetes Mabille, 1904, foodplants are listed as Arecaceae. Williams, 1994: Callioratis abraxas (Geometridae) - Bright Tiger; f/p cycads Zerenopsis leopardina (Geometridae) - Leopard Magpie; f/p cycads I'll look into the H.K. species before too long. regards, Roger. references: Henning, G.A., Henning, S.F, Joannou, J.G. & Woodhall, S.E., 1997. Living Butterflies of Southern Africa - Biology, Ecology and Conservation: volume 1; Hesperiidae, Papilionidae and Pieridae of South Africa. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa. Williams, M., 1994. Butterflies of Southern Africa - a field guide. Southern Book Publishers (Pty) Ltd, Halfway House, 1685, South Africa. Roger C. KENDRICK wrote: > I'll take a look in the Southern Africa literature. There are several moth > species which are associated with palms and cycads and there is also (if I > recall correctly) a Hesperiid or two. Here in Hong Kong, there is a skipper > known as the Palm Bob - I'll see what this has to do with palms. > > back later, > > Roger. > > Neil Jones wrote: > > > I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. > > Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly > > which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot > > think of one. Can anyone help me? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/ea2a4fc8/attachment.html -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 879 bytes Desc: Card for Roger C. KENDRICK Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/ea2a4fc8/attachment.vcf From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Sun Mar 7 19:51:16 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Sun, 7 Mar 1999 16:51:16 -0800 Subject: Palm butterfly? Message-ID: >I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. >Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly >which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot >think of one. Can anyone help me? If it's Neotropical, one of the worst palm pests is Brassolis sophorae - a species that is superabundant in SE Brazil at this time of year. I have no idea if anyone has fabricated an English "common name" for it, but it seems likely given its economic importance. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From MMintz4912 at aol.com Mon Mar 8 00:10:35 1999 From: MMintz4912 at aol.com (MMintz4912 at aol.com) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 00:10:35 EST Subject: Need Butterflies for Brooklyn Botanic Garden. Message-ID: <70567d68.36e35bcb@aol.com> Hello List! I am an educator at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in New York. I'm co-ordinating a workshop on butterfly gardening and I am looking for a supplier in the Eastern U.S. of Monarchs, Eastern Blacks, and Eastern Tigers. I need crysalids the first week in April, and will time them to hatch on April 11, if it's possible. I know it's really early in the season, and it's short notice. Does anyone know of a breeder or farmer who might be able to help? I'm also looking for milkweed seedlings or plants. Please feel free to E-mail me directly with any information. Thank you in advance. Michael Mintz MMINTZ4912 at aol.com From niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI Mon Mar 8 02:56:43 1999 From: niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI (Niklas Wahlberg) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 09:56:43 +0200 Subject: Palm butterfly? In-Reply-To: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990308095643.0090edb0@pop.helsinki.fi> Hi, Looking at Common & Waterhouse's Butterflies of Australia, I find two species of hesperids associated with palms: Cephrenes trichopepla (yellow palmdart) and C. augiades (orange palmdart). The former feeds on Cocos nucifera (coconut) and the latter on some Australian palms. Also one satyrid is known as the palmfly (Elymnias agondas), which apparently feed on Calamus (lawyer palms). Cheers, Niklas At 13:37 7.3.1999 GMT, Neil Jones wrote: > >I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. >Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly >which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot >think of one. Can anyone help me? > > >-- >Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ >"At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the >butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog >National Nature Reserve > > _________________________________________________________________________ Niklas Wahlberg Department of Ecology and Systematics Division of Population Biology PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 Check out our www-site: http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ From lsilberb at metz.une.edu.au Mon Mar 8 03:21:38 1999 From: lsilberb at metz.une.edu.au (Tish Silberbauer) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 08:21:38 GMT Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: <36e3872a.10565702@news.une.edu.au> In Australia there are two that immediately come to mind: the Orange Palm Dart, _Cephrenes auguades sperthias_ and the Yellow Palm Dart, _Cephrenes trichopepla_. Needless to say, both are hesperids and their larvae feed on palms. There are also satyrines called "Palm Flies", genus _Elymnias_. Only one species is in Australia, they are really a SE Asian beastie. HTH Tish Silberbauer & Dave Britton On Sun, 07 Mar 99 13:37:34 GMT, Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) wrote: > >I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. >Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly >which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot >think of one. Can anyone help me? > > >-- >Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ >"At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the >butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog >National Nature Reserve > From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Mon Mar 8 05:56:07 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 18:56:07 +0800 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> <36E2D66B.6EB97833@hkusua.hku.hk> <36E2EAE1.D8C1E6CF@hkusua.hku.hk> Message-ID: <36E3ACC7.46BC110@hkusua.hku.hk> Hi again Neil, Finally, the Hong Kong butterfly species that feed on palms: (Data on hostplants for Lau, 1997; geographic data from Bascombe, 1995) Suastes gremius (Fabricius, 1798) [Hesperiidae; Hesperiinae] - (Indian) Palm Bob f/p: Phoenix hanceana (Spiny Date-palm) P. roehelenii (Dwarf Date-palm) Rhapis excelsa (Lady Palm) distribution: Sri Lanka and India, Burma, Thailand, China (Yunnan, Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian Provinces and Taiwan), south to Indo-China and Malay peninsula; also Sumba and Flores (Indonesia). Hyarotis adrastus (Stoll, 1780) [Hesperiidae; Hesperiinae] - Tree Flitter f/p: Phoenix roehelenii (Dwarf Date-palm) Chrysalidocarpus lutescens (Bamboo Palm) Calamus tetradactylus distribution: Sri Lanka and India, Burma, Thailand, China (Hainan & Guangdong) south through Philippines and Malay peninsula to Sumatra, Java and Borneo. Also mentioned in Bascombe is: Elymnias hypermnestra (Linnaeus, 1763) [Nymphalidae; Satyrinae, Elymniini] - Common Palmfly with a note adding "First taken by the author in July 1983 in the northern New Territories, it has since become common throughout Hong Kong. Early specimens were found in the vicinity of nurseries, suggesting accidental import on palms, the larval foodplants." distribution: Sri Lanka and India, east to China (south Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hubei, Fujian, Hainan and Taiwan) south through Indo-China and Malay peninsula to Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Lesser Sundas to Timor and Wetar. I guess you should have a few to use now - species from at least four continents! best regards, Roger. references: Bascombe, M.J., 1995. Check list of the butterflies of South China. Memoirs of the Hong Kong Natural History Society, 20: 1-205. Lau, P. 1997. Butterflies of Hong Kong. Paul Lau Photography, Hong Kong. Neil Jones wrote: > I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. > Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly > which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot > think of one. Can anyone help me? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/7712ee08/attachment.html -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 879 bytes Desc: Card for Roger C. KENDRICK Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/7712ee08/attachment.vcf From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Mon Mar 8 06:43:19 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 19:43:19 +0800 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> <36E2D66B.6EB97833@hkusua.hku.hk> <36E2EAE1.D8C1E6CF@hkusua.hku.hk> <36E3ACC7.46BC110@hkusua.hku.hk> Message-ID: <36E3B7D7.B7F7DD89@hkusua.hku.hk> Roger C. KENDRICK wrote: > Hi again Neil, > ..... > Suastes gremius (Fabricius, 1798).... Please note a typo, Suastes should read Suastus. regards, Roger. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/fb05bb2c/attachment.html -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 879 bytes Desc: Card for Roger C. KENDRICK Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990308/fb05bb2c/attachment.vcf From tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca Mon Mar 8 09:15:51 1999 From: tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca (Thomas, Tony) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 09:15:51 -0500 Subject: Unknown moth Message-ID: <8DD0880D6C19D111B6DA00805FFE8CC8316E12@S2-FRE-R1.FCMR.Forestry.CA> Dr. A.W. Thomas Research Scientist Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre Natural Resources Canada PO Box 4000, Stn. A Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7 e-mail: tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca 'phone (506) 452-3523 FAX (506) 452-3525 Giant Silkmoth website: http://atl.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/fbn/md/family_e.html Illustrated Checklist of Fundy National Park Moths website: http://atl.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/fbn/md/family-s_e.html > ---------- > From: mothman[SMTP:mothman at nbnet.nb.ca] > Reply To: mothman at nbnet.nb.ca > Sent: Sunday, March 07, 1999 4:05 PM > To: lepslist > Subject: Fw: Unknown moth > > Hi fellow moth enthusiasts > > I am seeking confirmation of Stretchia plusiaeformis. I photographed > this specimen near Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, in April of last > year. The only image of this species I have seen is in the Ontario Cutworm > book (Rockburne & Lafontaine, Fig. 169); they give a locality of > north-central Ontario. Forbes also gives north-central Ontario and then > Alberta and west. If this specimen is plusiaeformis then it's about 2,000 > Km > east of known records!! There is one record in the Lep. Soc. Season > Summary: > Laramie, Wyoming. > If not plusiaeformis, then what? > > Thanks > > Tony > > > http://personal.nbnet.nb.ca/mothman/unknown.html > > From tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca Mon Mar 8 09:20:12 1999 From: tthomas at nrcan.gc.ca (Thomas, Tony) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 09:20:12 -0500 Subject: Unknown moth Message-ID: <8DD0880D6C19D111B6DA00805FFE8CC8316E13@S2-FRE-R1.FCMR.Forestry.CA> Gary Anweiler confirmed my identification. He also pointed out that S. plusiaeformis is known to occur in Quebec and New Brunswick but is not yet known from Nova Scotia. Original message > Hi fellow moth enthusiasts > > I am seeking confirmation of Stretchia plusiaeformis. I photographed > this specimen near Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, in April of last > year. The only image of this species I have seen is in the Ontario Cutworm > book (Rockburne & Lafontaine, Fig. 169); they give a locality of > north-central Ontario. Forbes also gives north-central Ontario and then > Alberta and west. If this specimen is plusiaeformis then it's about 2,000 > Km > east of known records!! There is one record in the Lep. Soc. Season > Summary: > Laramie, Wyoming. > If not plusiaeformis, then what? > > Thanks > > Tony > > > http://personal.nbnet.nb.ca/mothman/unknown.html > > From juwaki at mozcom.com Mon Mar 8 10:21:37 1999 From: juwaki at mozcom.com (Stanley L. Cabigas) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 23:21:37 +0800 Subject: Trogonoptera or Troides In-Reply-To: Message-ID: <000c01be6977$5bf721e0$1b7300cf@kilimanjaro> Chuck, genus Trogonoptera is still extant: Trogonoptera brookiana, Trogonoptera trojana. Stanley juwaki at mozcom.com -----Original Message----- From: owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu [mailto:owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu] On Behalf Of Chuck Vaughn Sent: Sunday, March 07, 1999 11:51 PM To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu Subject: Trogonoptera or Troides Can anyone tell me if Trogonoptera has been changed to Troides? TIA, Chuck Vaughn From blanton at darientel.net Mon Mar 8 05:34:11 1999 From: blanton at darientel.net (blanton) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 10:34:11 +0000 Subject: Dried or papered specimen purchase Message-ID: <36E3A7A3.4D8D@darientel.net> I am interested in making bulk purchases of dried butterflies and insects. If you know of suppliers, please send information. I have some suppliers mostly in the Asian area. I'm lacking in South American countries, Europe, Africa and China. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks again, Doug Blanton Chidan's 322 Terrapin Trail Brunswick, Ga. 31525 U.S.A. E-mail: blanton at darientel.net From JMArias at racsa.co.cr Mon Mar 8 13:20:52 1999 From: JMArias at racsa.co.cr (Julio M. Arias) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 12:20:52 -0600 Subject: Costa Rica's National Butterfly? In-Reply-To: <199901290501.AAA24538@gr.its.yale.edu> Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.19990308122052.007cae40@pop.racsa.co.cr> I have run in this list into the notion that Anartia fatima is Costa Rica's national Butterfly. Could someone point me to the source of this information? From the 22 years that I have to live in this country and the 15 of being an entomologist, is the first time that I hear such a thing. Julio M. Arias-Reveron, Ph.D., Coordinador ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Agricultura Sostenible para el Tropico Humedo (CIDASTH) Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica, Sede Regional San Carlos Apdo. 223-4400, Ciudad Quesada San Carlos, Alajuela Costa Rica ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ JMArias at sol.racsa.co.cr Ph. (506)475-5033 x 241 Fax. (506)475-5395 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ From bbeards at ix.netcom.com Mon Mar 8 15:09:48 1999 From: bbeards at ix.netcom.com (Brian Beard) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 12:09:48 -0800 Subject: Hybrid/Question Message-ID: <36E42E8C.7632@ix.netcom.com> Hi All, Vanessa atalanta is said to "cross" with Vanessa annabella on occasion. Can someone point me to the literature on this? Or I have two questions 1)Which way works best or at all: Western Lady Male X Red Admiral Female, or the other way around? 2) What are the host plants for such a larve: Malvaceae or Urticaceae or...? Thanks in advance, Brian From chip at ukans.edu Mon Mar 8 14:07:15 1999 From: chip at ukans.edu (Chip Taylor) Date: Mon, 8 Mar 1999 14:07:15 -0500 Subject: Noctua pronuba - migration? Message-ID: Can someone tell me whether Noctua pronuba (Large yellow underwing) is a migratory species and if so, where I can find a reference to this behavior. Thanks. Monarch Watch Email: monarch at ukans.edu WWW: http://www.MonarchWatch.org/ Dplex-L: send message "info Dplex-L" to Listproc at ukans.edu Phone: 1 (888) TAGGING (toll-free!) -or- 1 (785) 864 4441 Fax: 1 (785) 864 4441 -or- 1 (785) 864 5321 Snail: c/o O.R. Taylor, Dept. of Entomology, Univ. of KS, Lawrence KS 66045 From sheri at butterflywings.com Mon Mar 8 16:42:56 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Mon, 08 Mar 1999 13:42:56 -0800 Subject: Wholesale Riker Mounts??? Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990308134256.0073fa2c@mailhost.mbay.net> Does anyone on either of these lists know how to contact the manufacturers of the Riker Mounts? We are looking to place a very large order for them, and are hoping to get a decent price. Thanks in advance! Sheri Sheri Moreau The Butterfly Conservancy, Carmel, California email: From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Mon Mar 8 17:33:30 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 06:33:30 +0800 Subject: Noctua pronuba - migration? References: Message-ID: <36E45039.370ADAAE@hkusua.hku.hk> Try the chapter on migration by Bretherton in Heath & Emmet's Moths & Butterflies of Great Britian and Ireland. The journals "Atropos", the "Entomologists' Gazette" and the "Journal of the British Entomology & Natural History Society" all should contain references or articles on migrations to the U.K., noting N.pronuba. "British Wildlife" summaries of moth notes may also mention the topic. I'll look up details of the first and last of the above and post them this evening (approx 14:00 GMT). hope this helps, Roger. Chip Taylor wrote: > Can someone tell me whether Noctua pronuba (Large yellow underwing) is a > migratory species and if so, where I can find a reference to this behavior. > Thanks. > > Monarch Watch > Email: monarch at ukans.edu > WWW: http://www.MonarchWatch.org/ > Dplex-L: send message "info Dplex-L" to Listproc at ukans.edu > Phone: 1 (888) TAGGING (toll-free!) -or- 1 (785) 864 4441 > Fax: 1 (785) 864 4441 -or- 1 (785) 864 5321 > Snail: c/o O.R. Taylor, Dept. of Entomology, Univ. of KS, Lawrence KS 66045 -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: vcard.vcf Type: text/x-vcard Size: 879 bytes Desc: Card for Roger C. KENDRICK Url : http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990309/0ffc4349/attachment.vcf From khewsk at hotmail.com Tue Mar 9 04:44:51 1999 From: khewsk at hotmail.com (SK Khew) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 01:44:51 PST Subject: Palm butterfly? Message-ID: <19990309094452.26244.qmail@hotmail.com> Hi Neil, Looks like you've already got a bunch of replies which should help in your search for the word "Palm" in a butterfly's common English name. I'd like to add a couple more : Common Palmfly - Elymnias hypermnestra beatrice (already mentioned by a few listers here) Tawny Palmfly - Elymnias panthera panthera Palm King - Amathusia phidippus phidippus These are from the families Satyridae and Morphinae. There are also a few Hesperiids like the Palm Dart and Palm Bob which have already been mentioned. These species are found in Singapore and Malaysia and generally feed on sesrveral types of palms. The three species I mentioned are figured in the URLs below : http://www.geocities.com/rainforest/vines/2382/palmfly.htm http://www.geocities.com/rainforest/vines/2382/panthera.htm http://www.geocities.com/rainforest/vines/2382/palmking.htm Cheers. >I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. >Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly >which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot >think of one. Can anyone help me? > Butterflies of Singapore : http://www.geocities.com/rainforest/vines/2382 ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Tue Mar 9 07:28:35 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 20:28:35 +0800 Subject: Noctua pronuba - migration? References: <36E45039.370ADAAE@hkusua.hku.hk> Message-ID: <36E513F3.2C2D719@hkusua.hku.hk> Hi Chip, Nothing in the last 5 volumes of British Wildlife, nor in JBENHS. Bretherton (1983) lists N.pronuba as an irregular but sometimes numerous migrant to Britain, where it is also a resident species and Skinner (1984: p89) notes "The vast numbers that occasionally and suddenly appear in southern England during high summer are presumed to be migrants." Bretherton, R.F., 1983. The incidence of mirant Lepidoptera in the British Isles. pp 9-34 in Heath, J. & Emmet, A.M., (eds.), The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. vol. 10. Harley Books, Colchester, Essex, England. Skinner, B., 1984. A Colour Identification Guide to the Moths of the British Isles (Macrolepidoptera). Viking Press, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England. best regards, Roger. Roger C. KENDRICK wrote: > Try the chapter on migration by Bretherton in Heath & Emmet's Moths & > Butterflies of Great Britian and Ireland. The journals "Atropos", the > "Entomologists' Gazette" and the "Journal of the British Entomology & Natural > History Society" all should contain references or articles on migrations to the > U.K., noting N.pronuba. "British Wildlife" summaries of moth notes may also > mention the topic. I'll look up details of the first and last of the above and > post them this evening (approx 14:00 GMT). > > hope this helps, > > Roger. > > Chip Taylor wrote: > > > Can someone tell me whether Noctua pronuba (Large yellow underwing) is a > > migratory species and if so, where I can find a reference to this behavior. > > Thanks. > > --Roger C. KENDRICK Demonstrator / Ph.D. Student Dept. of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong mailto:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk mailing address: Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Lam Kam Road, Shek Kong, Yuen Long, New Territories, HONG KONG Hong Kong Moths website coordinator http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/hkmoth.htm HK Lepidoptera Group webmaster (English version) http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/ From M.Honey at nhm.ac.uk Tue Mar 9 08:50:19 1999 From: M.Honey at nhm.ac.uk (Martin Honey) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 13:50:19 +0000 Subject: Noctua pronuba - migration? Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990309135019.00896a70@mailserver.nhm.ac.uk> Just in case it is of interest to others, here's a copy of my response to the original pronuba request: >At 02:07 PM 3/8/99 -0500, you wrote: >>Can someone tell me whether Noctua pronuba (Large yellow underwing) is a >>migratory species and if so, where I can find a reference to this behavior. >>Thanks. Certainly here in Britain it is assumed to be migratory, at times. The most recent paper I know of to speculate on this is : Howard, R.A. 1999. Possible migration of Noctua pronuba (L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) at the Lizard Point, Cornwall. Entomologist's Gazette 50: 33-38. It gives details of between 8-10,000 specimens of pronuba in one light-trap plus the sea in the area being "littered" with corpses. Martin *********************************************************** Martin R. Honey CBiol MIBiol, Linnaean Butterfly Project Biodiversity Division, Department of Entomology The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road London, SW7 5BD, Great Britain TELEPHONE: 0171 938 8735 International: 44 171 938 8735 FAX: 0171 938 8937 International: 44 171 938 8937 EMAIL: M.Honey at nhm.ac.uk *********************************************************** From chrisjsmith at mcmail.com Tue Mar 9 09:03:33 1999 From: chrisjsmith at mcmail.com (CHRIS SMITH) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 14:03:33 +0000 Subject: postpone Message-ID: <36E52A35.C0E@mcmail.com> set leps-l mail postpone From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 9 12:19:34 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 12:19:34 -0500 Subject: Bramble Hairstreak Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE28B@hqmail.gensym.com> It's always great when you can zip away after working a half day, and still manage to get some butterflying in. Last Friday, March 5, was such a day. It's cooled off here a bit in Southern California, but if you drive fast enough you can beat the fog and clouds that tend to hug the coastline. There were fewer butterflies than a week ago, but at this time of the year there's always at least one newcomer with each week. This week it was Callophrys affinis, a common but no less stunning little spring flyer with a very green hindwing underside. They flitter about, showing mostly the chocolate brown topside, and then quickly perch in an instant - seemingly disappearing - and are therefore easy to overlook. One of my favorite butterflies of California (but then there are so many), partly because of the odd color and partly because of their early arrival. You can still find them occasionally in vacant urban lots that have escaped plowing, and are still quite common in the chaparral areas of the Los Angeles basin. I remember seeing them frequently as a boy, in my explorations of the empty fields of a more rural Los Alamitos (circa 1967). Oh, to have the freedom of an eight year old - to wander fearlessly between barbed wire and past No Trespassing signs. Was it just my age, or were people just a lot less worried about getting sued? Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA From rkrogen at online.no Tue Mar 9 14:15:02 1999 From: rkrogen at online.no (Runar Krogen) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 20:15:02 +0100 Subject: Hybrid/Question Message-ID: <199903091920.UAA12206@online.no> I can recommend following article, written by Thomas E. Dimock: Three natural hybrids of Vanessa atalanta rubria x Cynthia annabella. Published in Journal of the Lepidopterists? Society, Vol. 27, Number 4. The informative article is based on the discovery of three hybrid larvae found in nature on Urtica in Thousand Oaks, California, 1972. Sincerely Runar Krogen Buvika, Norway rkrogen at online.no ---------- > From: Brian Beard > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > Subject: Hybrid/Question > Date: 8. mars 1999 21:09 > > Hi All, > Vanessa atalanta is said to "cross" with Vanessa annabella on > occasion. Can someone point me to the literature on this? Or I have two > questions 1)Which way works best or at all: Western Lady Male X Red > Admiral Female, or the other way around? 2) What are the host plants for > such a larve: Malvaceae or Urticaceae or...? > Thanks in advance, > Brian From cbrdar at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca Tue Mar 9 17:16:42 1999 From: cbrdar at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca (C. Brdar) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 15:16:42 -0700 (MST) Subject: assessing cloud cover and wind In-Reply-To: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE28B@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: Hello all, I was wondering if anyone knows of any methods used to assess wind and cloud cover at a scale that is meaningful for butterflies. I'm doing research, and it involves observing butterfly behaviour, and I need to evaluate these things since they have such marked affects on their behaviour. Thanks for your help, Corina Brdar From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 9 18:51:56 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 18:51:56 -0500 Subject: assessing cloud cover and wind Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE292@hqmail.gensym.com> Corina Brdar asked: > Hello all, > > I was wondering if anyone knows of any methods used to assess wind and > cloud > cover at a scale that is meaningful for butterflies. I'm doing research, > and it involves observing butterfly behaviour, and I need to evaluate > these > things since they have such marked affects on their behaviour. > > I'm not quite sure I understand what you are asking for, but in general I would say that it really depends on the species, the location, the time of year, and the short term history of local weather patterns. While most butterflies will "hide" on days of limited sunshine, there are certainly many exceptions to this. For example, while visiting southern Texas last year, I was amazed to find an incredible number of butterflies on the wing while under a completely overcast sky. The temperature was over 85 degrees, however, so there was obviously sufficient kinetic energy. Other examples might include individuals who have been delayed from emerging the pupal stage on account of a delayed spring. I have seen butterflies in this category make use of every 5 minute blast of sunshine they can get from behind an otherwise clouded sky. An example includes an early summer visit to at-timberline elevations in the eastern Rocky mountains - where thunderheads dominate the early afternoon sky, but the butterflies can be seen flying down from their treetop perches to nectar during very short breaks in the weather. Pieris napi don't concern themselves much with extent of sunshine, and can often be found flying under even the most thorough of tree canopies. Sap loving butterflies are in this category, also, often preferring shade to open sunshine. Many desert butterflies, meanwhile, prefer to fly in patchy weather - especially when this immediately follows a rainstorm. On a slightly different note, butterflies can be found on days that they are not actively flying. There were excellent field reports last year from Massachusetts on Callophrys species that were effectively spotted and counted during rainy, overcast skies by searching for their resting places (now this is dedication). In general, however, I would say that I base my likelihood of pursuing leps on a combination of both extent of sunshine and temperature (although temperature is certainly not a globally definitive indicator). On days forecasted with 100% rain over an extended period of time, I will stay home (or be content with walking in a butterflyless rain). On days of partial but mostly cloudy skys, I might only venture out if I know that there are other reasons to expect activity (as per above). When it's March, and I've been going through winter butterfly withdrawal, almost any day with a chance of patchy sunshine will be enough to get me out of the house. Hope this helps, Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA USA From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 9 18:59:02 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 18:59:02 -0500 Subject: assessing cloud cover and wind Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE293@hqmail.gensym.com> Oh, and regarding wind: I've found this to hinder my ability to catch butterflies more than it hinders their ability to fly. It does tend to inhibit nectaring, and so the butterflies are more likely to fly rapidly, with or against the wind, looking for a calmer location for stopping. Interestingly, I have seen butterflies flying effectively against even very strong winds. Don't know if anyone has studied the aerodynamics involved, but there must be something about the weight, wing shape, and dynamics of wing motion that facilitate this. Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA USA > -----Original Message----- > From: C. Brdar [SMTP:cbrdar at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca] > Sent: Tuesday, March 09, 1999 5:17 PM > To: Mark Walker > Cc: 'LEPS-L' > Subject: assessing cloud cover and wind > > > Hello all, > > I was wondering if anyone knows of any methods used to assess wind and > cloud > cover at a scale that is meaningful for butterflies. I'm doing research, > and it involves observing butterfly behaviour, and I need to evaluate > these > things since they have such marked affects on their behaviour. > > Thanks for your help, > > Corina Brdar From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Tue Mar 9 19:02:25 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 16:02:25 -0800 Subject: butterflies and clouds and wind --- Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F07@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> interesting topic. i suspect the requester for info might have been looking for ways to quantify in a way that is meaningful for butterfly movment within and between habitat patches. but i agree, like everything else, it depends. i too have seen high temperatures support abundant butterfly flight under total cloud cover in Yukon, and then i have seen rocky mtn alpine and subalpine species dive into the weeds at the first touch of the nasty old shadow, and of course we know that ravines, other topographic depressions, leeward sides of forest patches and even shrub patches are wonderful places to see things bunched up on windy days whilst stronger flyers can be found clawing their way upwind under surprising conditions and then i have seen p. eversmanni happily cavorting under sunny skies but temperatures that make even a conditioned resident of the great white north think of pulling out the gloves. and finally the oft observed phenomena, at least in western Canada, where things get too darn hot and most things seem to reduce flight activity - notable exception being of course our old friend p. rapae. but yea, i too would be interested in seeing any references to how one might consistently and meaningfully quantify those weather variables that can be easily seen or easily recorded through simple instrumentation. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From sheri at butterflywings.com Tue Mar 9 04:29:09 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Tue, 09 Mar 1999 01:29:09 -0800 Subject: USPS combining forces with DHL internationally Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990309012909.0071b960@mailhost.mbay.net> There was an article on page A3 of the March 2, 1999 edition of the Wall Street Journal stating that the US Postal Service has formed an alliance with DHL to jointly offer 2-day guaranteed delivery service between 11 major U.S. cities and any address in 18 European countries, "bolstering its international mail operations." A half-pound shipment would cost about US$23, significantly less than FedEx, UPS, and DHL's current prices. Customers could track shipments by telephone or through the postal service's Internet site. This is potentially good news for international pupae shippers...if it works, and if they decide to expand the service. Sheri Sheri Moreau The Butterfly Conservancy, Carmel, California email: From mothman617 at aol.com Tue Mar 9 19:03:07 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 10 Mar 1999 00:03:07 GMT Subject: Noctua pronuba - migration? References: <3.0.5.32.19990309135019.00896a70@mailserver.nhm.ac.uk> Message-ID: <19990309190307.00103.00000252@ng-cr1.aol.com> I do not know of Noctua pronuba habits in the UK. However here in the northeastern United states there has been o population explosion of this introduced species. I have not heard of this moth as a pest as of yet. I would like to know their larval foodplants in their native Europe. I would like to monitor this species if it does become a pest. I do suspect it must feed upon a variety of herbaceous plants and or grasses. I live in Massachusetts and I captured my first N. pronuba in September of 1992. Scince then I have seen multitudes of them in their adult stage from April to October. -Matthew Arey From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Tue Mar 9 19:57:45 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 19:57:45 -0500 Subject: butterflies and clouds and wind --- References: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F07@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Message-ID: Several years ago I adapted a procedure used by industrial hygienists to quantify the average exposure of workers to chemicals, for the purpose of measuring "sunshine", recognizing that butterfly censusing on partly cloudy days might yield different results from days with full sun or no sun. On partly cloudy days, one gets periods of full sun alternating with periods of partial sun or no sun, with changes occurring frequently (more than once a minutes) or slowly (every 10-20 minut) depending on the speed of cloud movement across the sun. Industrial hygienists use what is called a time weighted average to quantify chemical exposure. At intervals of at least every 15 min. I score the sunshine from 0 to 100% based on the strength of my shadow. . For example a sunny day with a slight haze would result in a score of 90%. Or sometimes the shadow is only barely visible and gets a 10% score. I have pretty good reproducibility at scoring 100%, 90%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 10% and 0%, and less reproducibility at some of the intervening numbers. If you score the sunshine at regular intervals, then a simple average will suffice. But, when the sunshine changes more rapidly, I actually try to note each change, and compute the time weighted average as the average of the number of minutes at each percentile. Thus a 30 min observation period with 5 min @ 100%, 5 min @ 0%, and 20 min at 75% would result in a TWA of 67%. However, the average sunshine is not the only (nor necessarily the best metric). It might turn out that the percent of time with > 50% sunshine (or "shadow" as I call it), is a better prediction of butterfly activity. Also, it might turn out that such detail is just a pain, and that it's adequate to simply record whether it's sunny or not for all or most of part of the afternoon. It will be at least another season before I work up the data to answer that question. As far as wind is concerned, I estimate it in MPH from aBeaufort scale (which I learned about many years ago). I think there is a threshold below which wind has little affect on Butterfly activity, and above which it suppresses activity. M. Gochfeld From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Tue Mar 9 21:32:15 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 17:32:15 -0900 (AKST) Subject: butterflies and clouds and wind --- Message-ID: > I think there is a threshold below which wind has little affect on > Butterfly activity, and above which it suppresses activity. There is no doubt that wind can suppress activity. I still remember one day in 1987 in the Richardson Mts., on the Dempster Highway, YT. These are gently rolling low mountains, over which the wind can pass with near- laminar flow--so there is no 'wind shadow' on the downwind side of a hill. It was a clear, warm day--but with a strong wind. Butterflies were not flying unless you kicked one up, at which point it would take off downwind. Yet the preceding and following day had lots of butterflies flying at this or similar sites. Then in 1996 I was in the tundra on the west side of Mt. Drum (Wrangell Mts., AK) on a coolish but sunny day--with a measured 30 mph steady wind. Most of the butterflies we saw were hanging on to flower heads with all available feet--and when they saw you coming they would simply let go, and leave the scene at 30 mph. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From MMintz4912 at aol.com Tue Mar 9 21:35:14 1999 From: MMintz4912 at aol.com (MMintz4912 at aol.com) Date: Tue, 9 Mar 1999 21:35:14 EST Subject: Brooklyn Botanic Garden Message-ID: Thanks to all who have responded to my earlier E-mail. It looks like I have monarchs and giants for my Brooklyn Botanic Garden workshop in New York on April 11. I'm still looking for any other varieties of butterflies (was looking for eastern blacks and tigers, but I know it's super early!). If anyone has any, or any ideas on other livestock, please feel free to contact me directly. Thank you!!! -Michael Mintz From butrfly at epix.net Wed Mar 10 05:10:38 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (butrfly at epix.net) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 02:10:38 -0800 Subject: The Dominican Republic References: <3.0.6.32.19990308122052.007cae40@pop.racsa.co.cr> Message-ID: <36E6451E.3DBC@epix.net> To All I have just spent the most interesting week of my life in the Dominican Republic. I learned of, cave dwelling butterflies and even petroglyphs of a heliconia and bettles. One species of lep becomes a subspecies with every 5 meters of elevation. If anyone is interested in the butterflies of Hispaniola, live, papered, or planning a trip to the D.R. You should contact Julian De La Rosa. He is by far the most gracious host and the most interesting person I have ever met. I feel that I learned more about entomology in one week than I have learned in the past 20 years. You could contact Julian at j.delarosa at codetel.net.do Rick Mikula From NGD at wpo.nerc.ac.uk Wed Mar 10 04:28:01 1999 From: NGD at wpo.nerc.ac.uk (Nick Greatorex-Davies) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 09:28:01 +0000 Subject: assessing cloud cover and wind Message-ID: Corina Here in the UK we make crude assessments of cloud cover (% sun), wind speed (Beaufort scale) and temperature (and also noting time of day) for all the weekly transect counts that are carried out throughout the UK as part of the UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (April to September each year). We have done a little analysis of some of these data and will be doing some more this spring on a limited number of species. I can send you a booklet on the BMS methodology if you would like one (Butterfly Monitoring Scheme - Instructions for independent recorders) which explains how the counts are carried out, how the various weather factors are recorded, what weather criteria need to be satisfied before a transect walk is carried out etc. The methodology is also explained in the book: Pollard, E. & Yates, T.J. (1993). Monitoring butterflies for ecology and conservation. Chapman and Hall, London. 274 pp. ISBN 0 412 40220 3. There is also a section in the book that goes into some of the trials that were carried out before the scheme was launched in 1976 to determine what weather criteria need to be satisfied before a transect count is done. You may find the following paper of interest as it looks a little at the effect of windspeed on the activity of butterflies: Dover, J.W., Sparks, T.H. & Greatorex-Davies, J.N. (1997) The importance of shelter for butterflies in open landscapes. Journal of Insect Conservation 1, 89-97. Hope the above proves to be useful. Kind regards Nick Greatorex-Davies Mr J Nick Greatorex-Davies (Butterfly Monitoring Scheme co-ordinator) Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Monks Wood Abbots Ripton Huntingdon Cambridgeshire PE17 2LS UK Tel: (+44) (0) 1487 773 381 Fax: (+44) (0) 1487 773 467 E-mail: n.greatorex-davies at ite.ac.uk >>> "C. Brdar" 09/03/99 22:16:42 >>> Hello all, I was wondering if anyone knows of any methods used to assess wind and cloud cover at a scale that is meaningful for butterflies. I'm doing research, and it involves observing butterfly behaviour, and I need to evaluate these things since they have such marked affects on their behaviour. Thanks for your help, Corina Brdar From fgeiger at hubcap.clemson.edu Wed Mar 10 16:56:36 1999 From: fgeiger at hubcap.clemson.edu (Sooka) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 16:56:36 -0500 Subject: sources? Message-ID: <7c6ph5$7vb$1@camel25.mindspring.com> Hi, I'm writing a paper on tropical butterflies, especially those found in Peru for a course in Tropical Biology. Does anyone know of any good, scientific sources? Thanks, Faith From gnielsen at andinet.com Wed Mar 10 17:59:00 1999 From: gnielsen at andinet.com (Gregory Nielsen) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 17:59:00 -0500 Subject: sources? Message-ID: <000901be6b49$9cd5e240$a381ddd0@gregory.andinet.com> Hi Faith, There?s a couple of chapters on Butterflies in Manu, The Biodiversity of Southeastern Peru edited by Don Wilson and Abelardo Sandoval, 1996, Smithsonian Institution. Regards, Greg Nielsen -----Mensaje original----- De: Sooka Para: leps-l at lists.yale.edu Fecha: Mi?rcoles, 10 de Marzo de 1999 08:24 p.m. Asunto: sources? >Hi, > I'm writing a paper on tropical butterflies, especially those found >in Peru for a course in Tropical Biology. Does anyone know of any good, >scientific sources? > >Thanks, >Faith > From JFMM490 at wadnr.gov Wed Mar 10 18:23:42 1999 From: JFMM490 at wadnr.gov (John Fleckenstein) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 15:23:42 -0800 Subject: butterflies, clouds, and wind Message-ID: I think response to clouds varies by species. On midwestern prairies, I could be watching abundant skipper activity. Passage of a cumulous cloud with a small, 5 acre shadow would cause most of the skippers to vanish. The fritillaries, whites, and company would still be active. When the cloud passed, the skippers reappeared. I wonder if the disapperance was due to physiology or behavior. While that seemed to happen even on hot days, as someone else mentioned, temperature is often important. There, and in the Pacific Northwest, I see far more activity on a hot cloudy day than a cool, cloudy day. In the Pacific Northwest, spring weather is usually cool and wet. We have a number of species that fly in May. That's a very tough time for a solar powered animal to make a living on the wet side of the Cascades. We can go two or three weeks with little or no sunshine, but the species hang on. Sometimes they manage to do quite well. In May 1996, we did a transect survey at a Euphydryas editha taylori site and found about 500 individuals. We were impressed with the count, especially since it was 55 degrees and drizzling during the survey. I don't think we saw more then two individuals flying. The rest were perched. I guess they emerge and hang around, waiting for good flying weather. I'm sure there are advantages to flying in May, but they escape me. The evolutionary risk of flying in May seems higher than the possible advantages. It's partially stimulating, partially depressing to see such an obvious anamoly and not have the reason be equally obvious. John Fleckenstein, zoologist Washington Natural Heritage Program Department of Natural Resources (360) 902-1674 John.Fleckenstein at wadnr.gov From steve at solitary-sound.com Wed Mar 10 18:45:39 1999 From: steve at solitary-sound.com (Steve Law) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 10:45:39 +1100 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: In article <920813854snz at nwjones.demon.co.uk>, Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk wrote: > I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. > Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly > which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot > think of one. Can anyone help me? > Sorry, forgot to mention the scientific names of the Yellow Palmdart + Orange Palmdart. They are Cephrenes trichopepla and Cephrenes augiades sperthias respectively. From steve at solitary-sound.com Wed Mar 10 18:41:11 1999 From: steve at solitary-sound.com (Steve Law) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 10:41:11 +1100 Subject: Palm butterfly? References: <920813854snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: In article <920813854snz at nwjones.demon.co.uk>, Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk wrote: > I am searching for a lepidopterous name associated with palm trees. > Specifically I am looking for the scientific name of a butterfly > which has the word palm in its common English name. I cannot > think of one. Can anyone help me? In Australia we have several Hesperiidae that feed on palms. The commom names of a couple of these are the Yellow Palmdart and the Orange Palmdart. The Palmfly (Elymnias agondas australiana) also occurs in far northern Australia. From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Wed Mar 10 19:37:02 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 19:37:02 EST5EDT Subject: butterflies, clouds, and wind Message-ID: Dear listers, Excuse me if someone has already posted with similar information. The one observation I would like to add to this discussion is the effect of cloud cover on flight of butterflies at high elevation. I have been at or above treeline on several occasions in Colorado, enjoying watching flights of Parnassius, Colias meadi, several alpine satyrs, etc. One of the most striking behaviors I have ever seen in butterflies in general is the almost immediate response to cloud cover -- namely, dropping to the ground. I have seen Parnassius phoebus (smintheus?) drop literally the second the sun becomes obscured. Even more impressive is their ability to "disappear". I have more than once been nearly on top of a flying Parnassius when it has dropped to the ground as the sun goes behind a cloud. I've dropped to the ground just seconds behind and be unable to find the butterfly in all but one occasion, even after seeing precisely where it went down. I grant you, that most of the time this has happened the terrain has been a bit uneven and rocky, but they are able to pull this "disappearing" stunt even in open alpine meadows. James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From amarte1438 at aol.com Wed Mar 10 22:13:23 1999 From: amarte1438 at aol.com (AMarte1438) Date: 11 Mar 1999 03:13:23 GMT Subject: lepidoptera Message-ID: <19990310221323.24785.00000790@ng18.aol.com> I am an educator in the Philadelphia area and need crysalids or dried specimens. I am interested in a wide selection of specimens. Please e-mail. From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Wed Mar 10 21:23:09 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Wed, 10 Mar 1999 21:23:09 -0500 Subject: Speyeria & Sphecodina spp. Message-ID: <36E7290D.1AE0@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Does anyone know what subspecies of Speyeria cybele is found in Winnipeg, Manitoba and the surrounding areas (cybele or pseudocarpenteri)? Also, are any subspecies recognized for Sphecodina abbottii? Xi Wang From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Thu Mar 11 06:10:29 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 07:10:29 -0400 Subject: Tropical Butterflies In-Reply-To: "Gregory Nielsen" "RE: sources?" (Mar 10, 5:59pm) References: <000901be6b49$9cd5e240$a381ddd0@gregory.andinet.com> Message-ID: <990311071032.ZM13630@Gochfeld> There is a scattered literature on butterflies of the Neotropics with more elaborate books on African, Asian and New Guinean butterflies. For example, the recent volumes by Michael Parsons THE BUTTERFLIES OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA and by Torben Larsen THE BUTTERFLIES OF KENYA are valuable sources. For the Neotropics see the two volumes by Philip DeVries on Costa Rican butterflies. Dan Janzen edited COSTA RICAN NATURAL HISTORY (Univ Chicago Press, 1983) which has chapters on butterflies. Hamilton Tyler, Keith Brown and Kent Wilson published SWALLOWTAIL BUTTERFLIES OF THE AMERICAS (Scientific Publishers 1994) which has a lot of information on neotropical Swallowtails. The multivolume work by Bernard D'Abrera BUTTERFLIES OF THE NEOTROPICAL REGION is mainly illustrations with brief range and systematics information. David Owen's TROPICAL BUTTERFLIES (Clarendon Press, 1971) has is mainly about African butterflies, but includes experimental studies on Neotropical species as well. There are also many technical papers by authors such as Keith Brown and others which will be scattered through the journals. But, what is apparent is the general lack of attention to butterflies of South America (for example, Andrew Pullin's ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF BUTTERFLIES includes a section on global perspectives with chapters on Europe, North America, Africa, and Australasia, but nothing on the Neotropics. Mike Gochfeld From tim.white at yale.edu Thu Mar 11 16:19:27 1999 From: tim.white at yale.edu (Tim White) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 16:19:27 -0500 Subject: NHCOLL-L Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990311161927.006a28d0@rdw2.mail.yale.edu> The Natural History Collections List (NHCOLL-L) has moved! Effective today, March 10, 1999, the Natural History Collections listserver, NHCOLL-L, has moved to Yale University's Peabody Museum of Natural History. NHCOLL-L is a general-purpose electronic forum for those with an interest in the care and management of natural history collections. Membership in NHCOLL-L is open to anyone with e-mail. NHCOLL-L is an unmoderated list, therefore we depend on the list members to provide only those postings that are appropriate to the subject matter. Tim White is the list owner. NHCOLL-L is co-sponsored by the Association for Systematic Collections (ASC) and the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections (SPNHC). The List is a result of the joint annual meeting held in 1994 by ASC and SPNHC and a project to improve the policies and practices of natural history collections sponsored by a grant to ASC from the Institute of Museum Services. For the first five years, NHCOLL-L was hosted by the Museum of Paleontology at the University of California, Berkeley. The list owners were Lori Benson (University of Minnesota) and Jackie Zak (Getty Conservation Trust), respectively, and administered locally by Allen Collins at UCMP. Both ASC and SPNHC are dedicated to the preservation and care of natural history collections. NHCOLL-L gives those working with these collections a place to discuss the issues they have in common, such as administration, collections care, computerization, conservation, and management. Both policy and practical discussions are appropriate. For further information on natural history collections care and management visit ASC at www.ascoll.org or SPNHC at www.spnhc.org. ********************** COMMON NHCOLL-L QUESTIONS ********************* To post messages to NHCOLL-L: Compose email addressed to NHCOLL-L at LISTS.YALE.EDU and put what you want to say to the group in the text of your email. Please include a several word synopsis of what your email is about in the Subject line. Managing your NHCOLL-L subscription: All email for managing NHCOLL-L subscriptions should be addressed to LISTPROC at LISTS.YALE.EDU (not to the posting address). Some of the most commonly desired actions are as follows: Your desire: Text of email should be: signup to the list SUBSCRIBE NHCOLL-L yourname signoff from the list UNSUBSCRIBE NHCOLL-L short info about the list REV NHCOLL-L SHORT full info, including subscribers REV NHCOLL-L review your subscription settings SET NHCOLL-L stop receipt of mail temporarily SET NHCOLL-L MAIL POSTPONE resume mail delivery again SET NHCOLL-L MAIL get mail as a daily digest SET NHCOLL-L MAIL DIGEST From mothman617 at aol.com Thu Mar 11 17:58:33 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 11 Mar 1999 22:58:33 GMT Subject: Southern U.S. Catocala Message-ID: <19990311175833.22559.00000091@ng-ba1.aol.com> I am looking for species of Catocala to buy or exchange. I need to fill some gaps in my collection of North American Catocala, many from the southern regions of the U.S. , specifically Catocala sappho, C. agrippina, C. nebulosa, C. lacrymosa, C. delilah, and others. E-mail me with information - Thanks; Matthew Arey From jvicens at infotelecom.es Thu Mar 11 18:54:42 1999 From: jvicens at infotelecom.es (José Vicens) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 00:54:42 +0100 Subject: List insects Message-ID: <7c9k9o$ri7$1@talia.mad.ttd.net> Lepidopteros P A P I L I O N I D A E Suramerica Papilio chiansiades P. Maldonado 2$ Papilio torquatus Requena 3$ Papilio rhodostictos p. Maldonado 2$ Papilio hypason P. Maldonado 1,50 $ Papilio antichisiades capis Amazonia 2$ Papilio androgeus Amazonia 1.50$ Papilio cleotas Peru Papilio tohas Quillabamba 4$ Papilio lycophron P. Maldonado 2$ Eurytides Callias Iquito 2$ Eurytides protesilaus Iquito 1.50$ Eurytides leucaspis Iquito 2,50$ Papilio zagreus Iquito 5$ Parides SP. Variacion rojiza P. Maldonado 1,50$ Parides SP. Variacion blanca P. Maldonado 1,50$ Madagascar Papilio delande 3,50$ Papilio dardanus 3,50$ Papilio ephiporbas 3,30$ Papilio erithonides 3,60$ Papilio antenor 15$ Papilio phorcas 4$ Europa Papilio machaon Baleares 2.50$ Papilio apollo Teruel 5$ N Y M P H A L I D A E Consul hippona Iquito 1$ Callitea adamsi Iquito 1$ Colobura dirce Requena 1.50$ Panacea regina Iquito 1.50$ Methamorpa stelens Amazonia 1.50$ Methamorpa sulpitia Requena 1.50$ Methamorpa apapus 2 $ Historis orion Methamorpa 1.50$ Perisana SP Quillabamba 1$ Hamadria februa Requena 1.20$ Vanesa carye Quillabamba 1$ Doxocopha xerubina Iquito 1$ Junonia lavinia Ollantaitambo 1.20$ Amadrias febria Amazonia 1.10$ Callicore aegina Iquito 1$ Diatrea climena Iquito 1,50$ Perisama priene Amazonia 1,50$ Perisama vaninka Amazonia 1,50$ R. Indoaustralasia Vindula arsioe Marinduque 2$ Vindula erota Marinduque 2$ Partenos sylvia Marinduque 1$ Cyrestis maenalis Marinduque 1$ Cyrestis themire Marinduque 1$ Hypolimas diomea Marinduque 1$ Madagascar Charaxes candiope 2.50$ Charaxes castor 11$ Precis andremiaga 1.50$ Precis SP 1$ Salamis anteva 3.50$ Salamis anacardi 3.50$ Cyrestis camilus 1$ Hypolimas dexitea 5$ EUROPA Vanesa atlanta Baleares 1,50 $ Vanesa cardui Baleares 1 $ Mesocipalia agiaja Teruel 1$ Britensia circe Teruel 1$ Cethosia biblis Russia 1$ Hipperonia alcyone Teruel 1$ Pandoriana pandora Teruel 3$ M O R P H I D A E Morpho xulkowski Manu 10$ Morpho aurora aureola Manu 3.50$ Morpho granadensis Amazonia 9$ Morpho achilles amazonica Manu 2.30$ Morpho didius Manu 4$ P I E R I D A E Suramerica Phoebis philea Uru bamba 2$ Phoebis rurina Urubamba 2$ Phoebis statira Peru 2$ Colias dimera Urubamba 1$ Pair Colias cesonia Urubamba 1$ Pair Ceptophabia elensis Urubamba 1$ Pair Ascia bunias P. Maldonado 1$ Pair Anteneos menippe P. Maldonado 2$ Leptophobia eleusis Urubamba 1$ Tatochila blanchardi Urubamba 1$ Peurete leucodosine Amazonia 3$ Indoaustralasia Hebomoia glaucipe Is. Negros 2$ Appias ada Marinduque 2$ Prioneris autothisbe Malasia 1$ Appias nero Malasia 1$ Heureme hecabe Marinduque 1$ Appias paulina Marinduque 1$ Catopsilia phirante India 1 $ EUROPA Pontia daplidice Is. Baleares 1$ Pair Geometrix cleopatra Is. Baleares 1$ Pair HELICONIDAE Heliconius buneyi P. Maldonado 1$ Pair Heliconius wallaci P. Maldonado 1$ Pair Dryas julia Urubamba P. Maldonado 1$ Heliconia potiverana Quillabamba 1$ Dione vanillae Peru 1$ Dione Moneta Peru 1$ Dione juno Peru 1$ Heliconius pillis beskei Iquito 1,50$ Heliconius xenoclea Iquito 2$ ACRAEIDAE Acraea damii Madagascar 1$ Actinote teepsinoe Quillabamba 1.50$ Actinote laverna Amazonia 1.50$ DANAIDAE Danaus Chrysippus madagascarensis Madagascar 1$ Eupolea mulicer Malasia 1.50$ Danaus pleixipus Amazonia 4$ Danaus erippus Amazonia 8$ Danaus SP. bomudi Africa 5$ SATYTIDAE Hateerea piera Requena 1$ Cithaerias aurorina Amazonia 1$ Pararge aegera Espa?a 1$ pair Coenonympha pampilus Baleares 1$ Hisparchia semele Teruel 1$ Maniola Jurtina Baleares 1$ Pironia cecilia Baleares 1$ Pyrella hyceta Amazonia 3$ ITHOMIDAE Hylaris fenestella P.Maldonado 1$ Hylaris Vallonia P.Maldonado 1$ Hylaris S.P 1$ Mechanitis lycidice 1$ Godyris duilua Requena 1$ Thyridia confusa P. Maldonado 1,50$ URANIDAE Urania ripileus Madagascar 3$ Urania (gran talla) Madagascar 5$ Urania leilus Madagascar 2$ SATURNIDAE Argema miltreii Madagascar 80$ NOCTUIDAE Noctuidae Sp. Is. Negrosn 3$ COLEOPTEROS y INSECTOS CERAMBICIDAE Acromis asparsa longimanus Selva Manu (8 cm.) 38$ Macrodontia cervicornis Amazonia ( 10 a 12 cm. ) 39$ Cerambicido de Madagascar (de 5 a 6cm.) b&n. 11$ Macrodonta SP. Amazonia (de 6 a 8Cm) 15$ Macrodonta SP. Amazonia (de 8 a 10Cm) 22$ Macrodonta SP. Amazonia (de10a 12cm) 35$ Strangalia Sp. Madagascar 2$ Hemipteros Lethocerus grandis (de 10 a12 Cm.) Amazonia 12$ ARACNIDAE Amblypypi (species) ara?a cueva de la Amazonia 23$ From Katoup at ix.netcom.com Thu Mar 11 20:38:33 1999 From: Katoup at ix.netcom.com (Stacy) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 20:38:33 -0500 Subject: question Message-ID: <001201be6c29$0c6ecec0$395e23c7@stacy> Has anyone ever heard of The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Butterflies by Dr.John Feltwell? Stacy From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Thu Mar 11 21:13:41 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 17:13:41 -0900 (AKST) Subject: question re Feltwell Message-ID: > Has anyone ever heard of The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Butterflies by > Dr.John Feltwell? The book is: 'The Encyclopedia of Butterflies'. It was published by Prentice-Hall in 1993. Lots of excellent photographs of specimens in the Allyn Museum collection. One has to be a bit cautious with the book, since the text has a number of errors (like stating on one page that butterflies occur at an elevation of 44,300 feet (!) on Mt. Everest, and then stating on another page that butterflies fly up to 13,500 feet on that mountain. Actually, one species of _Parnassius_ flies up to 6000 meters (a bit over 19,500 feet) on Mt. Everest. So the author got it wrong twice...). You may be able to obtain this book from second-hand natural-history dealers for about half its list price of $40. The photographs are well worth that, and cover a selection of butterflies from all over the world. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From Katoup at ix.netcom.com Thu Mar 11 21:29:18 1999 From: Katoup at ix.netcom.com (Stacy) Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 21:29:18 -0500 Subject: question re Feltwell Message-ID: <002501be6c30$226c3760$395e23c7@stacy> The book I have is called The Illustrated Encyclopedia Of Butterflies, and it was published by Quantam Books. Are we talking about the same book here? >The book is: 'The Encyclopedia of Butterflies'. It was published by >Prentice-Hall in 1993. Lots of excellent photographs of specimens in >the Allyn Museum collection. One has to be a bit cautious with the book, >since the text has a number of errors (like stating on one page that >butterflies occur at an elevation of 44,300 feet (!) on Mt. Everest, and >then stating on another page that butterflies fly up to 13,500 feet on >that mountain. Actually, one species of _Parnassius_ flies up to 6000 >meters (a bit over 19,500 feet) on Mt. Everest. So the author got it >wrong twice...). > > You may be able to obtain this book from second-hand natural-history >dealers for about half its list price of $40. The photographs are well >worth that, and cover a selection of butterflies from all over the world. > > Ken Philip >fnkwp at uaf.edu > > From llecerf at videotron.ca Thu Mar 11 22:32:14 1999 From: llecerf at videotron.ca (llecerf at videotron.ca) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 03:32:14 GMT Subject: Southern U.S. Catocala References: <19990311175833.22559.00000091@ng-ba1.aol.com> Message-ID: <7ca1ru$bfs$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> Have a look to my web site, I have some Catocala for exchange. Thanks Laurent http://pages.infinit.net/laurentl In article <19990311175833.22559.00000091 at ng-ba1.aol.com>, mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) wrote: > I am looking for species of Catocala to buy or exchange. I need to fill some > gaps in my collection of North American Catocala, many from the southern > regions of the U.S. , specifically Catocala sappho, C. agrippina, C. nebulosa, > C. lacrymosa, C. delilah, and others. E-mail me with information - Thanks; > Matthew Arey > -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From llecerf at videotron.ca Thu Mar 11 22:40:53 1999 From: llecerf at videotron.ca (llecerf at videotron.ca) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 03:40:53 GMT Subject: CITES Message-ID: <7ca2c3$bub$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> Do anybody know where on the web I can find the most recent CITES list for butterflies and other insects ? Thanks Laurent http://pages.infinit.net/laurentl -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From MMintz4912 at aol.com Fri Mar 12 01:16:18 1999 From: MMintz4912 at aol.com (MMintz4912 at aol.com) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 01:16:18 EST Subject: The Illustrated Encyclopedia Message-ID: <26b18874.36e8b132@aol.com> The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World is by Paul Smart. Different from the Encyclopedia of Butterflies. I actually am looking for a copy of the Illustrated Encyclopedia, as well as a copy of The Biology of Butterflies (Royal Ent. Soc. Symposium, 1984). BioQuip had both last year, but the books are out of print and they don't have any copies. Anyone know where they might be found? -Michael In response to: To: Cc: Subject: question Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 20:38:33 -0500 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Has anyone ever heard of The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Butterflies by Dr.John Feltwell? Stacy From priamus at ace-net.com.au Fri Mar 12 02:53:59 1999 From: priamus at ace-net.com.au (priamus at ace-net.com.au) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 17:53:59 +1000 Subject: CITES References: <7ca2c3$bub$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> Message-ID: <36E8C817.4D1A@ace-net.com.au> Go to CITES homepage "http://www2.wcmc.org.uk/CITES/english/index.html" and start searching from there. Chris Hocking Papillon Entomology . . . . . . . . . . Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? llecerf at videotron.ca wrote: > > Do anybody know where on the web I can find the most recent CITES list for > butterflies and other insects ? > Thanks > Laurent > http://pages.infinit.net/laurentl > > -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- > http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From spruance at infinet.com Fri Mar 12 10:30:16 1999 From: spruance at infinet.com (Eric or Pat Metzler) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 10:30:16 -0500 Subject: The Illustrated Encyclopedia References: <26b18874.36e8b132@aol.com> Message-ID: <36E93308.1B05@infinet.com> Try these web sites. I've had very good luck looking for specific items at these places. They have a lot of my money. http://www2.alibris.com/cgi-bin/texis/bookstore http://www.abebooks.com http://www.bibliofind.com http://www.bibliocity.com Eric Metzler Columbus OH MMintz4912 at aol.com wrote: > > The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World is by Paul Smart. > Different from the Encyclopedia of Butterflies. I actually am looking for a > copy of the Illustrated Encyclopedia, as well as a copy of The Biology of > Butterflies (Royal Ent. Soc. Symposium, 1984). BioQuip had both last year, > but the books are out of print and they don't have any copies. Anyone know > where they might be found? > > -Michael > > In response to: > To: > Cc: > Subject: question > Date: Thu, 11 Mar 1999 20:38:33 -0500 > MIME-Version: 1.0 > Content-Type: text/plain; > charset="iso-8859-1" > Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > > Has anyone ever heard of The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Butterflies by > Dr.John Feltwell? > > Stacy From sheri at butterflywings.com Fri Mar 12 13:06:04 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 10:06:04 -0800 Subject: butterfly camouflage/lifespan question from student Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990312100604.0074be88@mailhost.mbay.net> Dear Listers, I received the below question from a student. I answered her with the bottom paragraph, and my "canned" message for students about where to find butterfly/moth information on the Internet. But, because this is a somewhat unusual question, if anyone has any specific thoughts or resources on camouflage extending lifespan, could you please send the info to Megan (and me--I'm curious too!!). TIA!! Sheri ----------------------------------------------------------------- Megan wrote: >Hi. My name is Megan Brick. i am Doing a research report on butterfly. If you >can send me some info about the butterfly. i need info about how well >differenet types of butterflies live the longest due to camoflage. If you >could please send me some info, i would really apprecate it. Thank you. Email Megan directly at Sheri wrote back: Megan, I don't have any specific info about how long butterflies live DUE TO CAMOUFLAGE. Most adult butterflies only live 2-5 weeks. Exceptions are certain Heliconiads (longwing passion vine butterflies) which eat pollen in addition to nectar, and Mourning Cloaks, which eat tree sap and rotting fruit in addition to nectar. It is believed by some scientists that the extra nutritients these butterflies ingest help to extend their lifespans. Butterflies which overwinter as adults (Monarchs, Painted Ladies, Mourning Cloaks, and many other species) live longer lives because they go into a state of reduced metabolism known as "diapause." Essentially, all butterflies and moths use camouflage to some degree when they are at rest: either through the patterns on their wings in the "at rest" position, and/or by choosing a safe and hidden place to hide while resting. Many of them use bright colors and/or eye spots to warn off would-be predators when they are flying, or when startled. Sheri Moreau The Butterfly Conservancy, Carmel, California email: From dylansteven at europe14.freeserve.co.uk Fri Mar 12 17:28:55 1999 From: dylansteven at europe14.freeserve.co.uk (Dylan Lloyd) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 22:28:55 -0000 Subject: Noctua pronuba - migration? Message-ID: <00a801be6cd7$b86d6ca0$b220883e@pbl9c> >> Can someone tell me whether Noctua pronuba (Large yellow underwing) is a >> migratory species and if so, where I can find a reference to this behavior. >> Thanks. ---------------------------- In north Wales (U.K.) we have had large catches of N.pronuba, 999 in one night. Such numbers suggest a migratory influx. Cheers, Dylan Lloyd. From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Fri Mar 12 18:21:10 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 18:21:10 -0500 Subject: Kahli Message-ID: <36E9A166.1C69@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, 1. Does anyone know if the Kahli swallowtail is a seperate species or a subspecies of P. polyxenes? 2. Which is the right name: Papilio cresphontes or Heraclides cresphontes? Xi Wang From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Fri Mar 12 22:06:02 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 18:06:02 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Kahli Message-ID: > Does anyone know if the Kahli swallowtail is a seperate species or a > subspecies of P. polyxenes? It depends which source you consult--and your preference for lumping or splitting. The Hodges catologue (MONA) and the Miller/Brown catalogue list _kahli_ as a full species. Scott (B'flies of NA) and Tyler/Brown/ Wison (Swallowtail B'flies of the Americas) list it as a ssp. of _poli- xenes_, and Scott mentions hybridization between _machaon_ and _polixenes_ in the past as being responsible for the subspecies. Layberry, Hall, and Lafontaine (B'flies of Canada) state unequivocally that _kahli_ is a hybrid between _machaon_ and _polixenes_, with reference to Klassen et al, 1989. That turns out to be 'The Butterflies of Manitoba, by Klassen, Westwood, Preston, and McKillop (1989). They list _P. kahli_ as a species, and have the following to say: "The status of _Papilio kahli_ is in debate. Some authors consider the Kahli Swallowtail to be a subspecies of the Black Swallowtail. Sperling (1987) stated that the Kahli Swallowtail consists of an unstable breeding population originating from a _Papilio polyxenes_/_Papilio machaon_ cross, freely interbreeding with its originators." One should presumably read Sperling ('Evolution of _Papilio machaon_ species group in western Canada'. Quaestiones Entomologicae 23: 198-315, 1987) before arriving at any conclusions about all this. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Fri Mar 12 22:18:14 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 19:18:14 -0800 (PST) Subject: butterflies, clouds, and wind References: Message-ID: <22739-36E9D8F6-16@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net> John: I live on the coast in N. CA. I've observed E. editha flying there in the fog on cold windy days, (though fewer than on warm days). my guess then was that wasps & cold blooded predators are more scarce, so it would be a safe time to look for mates. Also they never seemed to fly to far above the ground, so when they get chilled, they just drop into the brush for warmth(?). Perhaps the ground temp. is higher than the air temp. Bill From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Fri Mar 12 22:01:46 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 22:01:46 -0500 Subject: Dimorphism Message-ID: <36E9D51A.331A@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Could someone please tell me what activates the genes responsible for dark forms in Papilio glaucus? I know taht these swallowtails in southern regions mimic Battus philenor and exhibit dimorphism and that butterflies in northern latitudes don't; so, does this mean that they're genetically dissimilar? Thanks, Xi Wang From llecerf at videotron.ca Sat Mar 13 01:31:37 1999 From: llecerf at videotron.ca (llecerf at videotron.ca) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 06:31:37 GMT Subject: CITES References: <7ca2c3$bub$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com>, <36E8C817.4D1A@ace-net.com.au> Message-ID: <7cd0oa$tge$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> Thanks for the information. I wrote my feeling about butterfly preservation, and created a forum on this subject. If you are interested : http://pages.infinit.net/laurentl/preservation.html In article <36E8C817.4D1A at ace-net.com.au>, priamus at ace-net.com.au wrote: > Go to CITES homepage "http://www2.wcmc.org.uk/CITES/english/index.html" > and start searching from there. > > Chris Hocking > Papillon Entomology . . . . . . . . . . Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? > > llecerf at videotron.ca wrote: > > > > Do anybody know where on the web I can find the most recent CITES list for > > butterflies and other insects ? > > Thanks > > Laurent > > http://pages.infinit.net/laurentl > > > > -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- > > http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own > > -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From cthomp1 at earthlink.net Fri Mar 12 22:58:49 1999 From: cthomp1 at earthlink.net (Heliconius) Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 19:58:49 -0800 Subject: California Butterflies - Livestock List & Papered List Message-ID: <7cco5g$iu$1@birch.prod.itd.earthlink.net> http://home.earthlink.net/~cthomp1/robert.htm From rhjo at casema.net Sat Mar 13 13:06:18 1999 From: rhjo at casema.net (Ric) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 19:06:18 +0100 Subject: butterfly pics Message-ID: <7ce9gf$nif$1@news.casema.net> http://www.casema.net/~rhjo/ Some butterfly pics From valeries at home.com Sat Mar 13 15:30:30 1999 From: valeries at home.com (valeries at home.com) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 20:30:30 GMT Subject: Butterfly in Winter Message-ID: <36EACA98.2C7AFCB1@home.com> I live in Ft. McMurray, Alberta. This morning with -1 celcius, I found a very large, black & orange butterfly perched on my metal shed. Does anyone have any ideas where this butterfly came from? I am stumped as to what to tell my children. valeries at home.com From priamus at ace-net.com.au Sat Mar 13 18:10:15 1999 From: priamus at ace-net.com.au (priamus at ace-net.com.au) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 09:10:15 +1000 Subject: question re Feltwell References: <002501be6c30$226c3760$395e23c7@stacy> Message-ID: <36EAF057.557D@ace-net.com.au> Can you please supply the ISBN number and year of publication? If reprinted, the last year referred to is the important one. This info might clarify the situation for us. Chris Hocking Papillon Entomology . . . . . . . . . . Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Stacy wrote: > > The book I have is called The Illustrated Encyclopedia Of Butterflies, and > it was published by Quantam Books. Are we talking about the same book here? > From Katoup at ix.netcom.com Sat Mar 13 20:47:59 1999 From: Katoup at ix.netcom.com (Stacy) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 20:47:59 -0500 Subject: moths Message-ID: <005601be6dbc$b2a09460$255e23c7@stacy> I know you guys mostly talk about butterflies,but does anyone know of any websites that have lists of moths of the world on it? Thanks Stacy From be496 at lafn.org Sat Mar 13 14:19:09 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 19:19:09 +0000 Subject: ? re Feltwell + Australia bk query References: <002501be6c30$226c3760$395e23c7@stacy> <36EAF057.557D@ace-net.com.au> Message-ID: <36EABA2D.C72A051C@lafn.org> Hi! J. Feltwell, "Encyclopedia of Butterflies." London: Quarto Publ. 288pp. 1993 New York, Prentice Hall. No ISBN #'s listed in my reference material. P. Smart's "Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World. 1989. New York: Crescent Bks. 275pp.--fm. Reference. My book shows published by Salamander Books, Ltd. London & distributed by Random House Value Publishing, New Jersey, 1975 275 pp. ISBN 0-517-14249-X Looks like there can be a change of publishers for various reprints.... I prefer Smart over Lewis, though a close second, and both much better than various other misc. world volumes. H.L. Lewis. 1973 Butterflies of the World. London. 328 pp. (208 pl) Chicago Follett ISBN 0-517-481650 I have 1985 reprint by Crescent Books. Both necessarily very limited overview.... Would anyone care to compare Feltwell with Smart and Lewis? Would you mind comparing "Checklist of the Leps of Australia" - Nielsen, Edwards & Rangsi 1996 (529 pp--plates?) with Fisher's "Field Guide to Australian Butterflies," 1995 (272 pp. 16 pl)??? Thanks so much, Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. priamus at ace-net.com.au wrote: > > Can you please supply the ISBN number and year of publication? If > reprinted, the last year referred to is the important one. This info > might clarify the situation for us. > > Chris Hocking > Papillon Entomology . . . . . . . . . . Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? > > Stacy wrote: > > > > The book I have is called The Illustrated Encyclopedia Of Butterflies, and > > it was published by Quantam Books. Are we talking about the same book here? > > From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Sat Mar 13 21:19:12 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 22:19:12 -0400 Subject: butterflies, clouds, and wind In-Reply-To: JayAndEstherC@webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) "Re: butterflies, clouds, and wind" (Mar 12, 7:18pm) References: <22739-36E9D8F6-16@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Message-ID: <990313221916.ZM13742@Gochfeld> ON sunny days the ground temperature is indeed warmer than the air temperature, but there is only a narrow band of this warmer microclimate (often less than 15 cm), which results from sunshine reflected off the ground surface. It cools very quickly when a cloud passes, casting a shadow. It also varies depending on a lot of factors (air temperature, angle of sun, nature of substrate, nature of ground cover etc). I used to make a lot of these measurements when I was studying the thermoregulatory behavior of ground-nesting birds. Mike Gochfeld From butrfly at epix.net Sun Mar 14 02:50:24 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Sat, 13 Mar 1999 23:50:24 -0800 Subject: moths References: <005601be6dbc$b2a09460$255e23c7@stacy> Message-ID: <36EB6A40.45B4@epix.net> Stacy wrote: I know you guys mostly talk about butterflies,but does anyone know of any websites that have lists of moths of the world on it? Thanks Moths of North America County Checklists http://www.greatplains.org/npresource/distr/LEPID/MOTHS/chklist/chklist.htm Giant Silkmoth website: http://atl.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/fbn/md/family_e.html The Richard B. Dominick Moth and Butterfly Collection http://zebra.scarolina.edu/moth/intro.html Moths of North America http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/lepid/moths/mothref.htm The Butterfly WebSite Article Index . http://www.mgfx.com/Butterfly/articles/ Atlas of North American Lepidoptera http://www.troplep.org/atlasna.htm Moths Checklist - Mlawula Nature Reserve, Swaziland http://www.sntc.org.sz/checklst/mlmotch.html Illustrated Checklist of Fundy National Park Moths website: http://atl.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/fbn/md/family-s_e.html silkworms for teachers at www.mediamessage.com/kayton From Use-Author-Address-Header at [127.1] Sun Mar 14 03:31:57 1999 From: Use-Author-Address-Header at [127.1] (Use-Author-Address-Header at [127.1]) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 16:31:57 +0800 Subject: T.imperator for sale or exchange Message-ID: <19990314083023.21297.qmail@nym.alias.net> Hi , I am a collector of butterflies , I lived in China . I have some Teinopalpus imperialis for sale , male US$120 per , female US$200 per , 1 pair US$280 , postage is US$20 ( registered mail ) or US$50 ( DHL ) . price include cost of CITES permit . Teinopalpus imperialis from the SiChuan province of China . or I can exchange with else rare butterfly . If you are interested in Teinopalpus imperialis , E-Mail me at : "top.phoenix at 126.com" ( I apologize for any inconvenience caused by this message . ) From fletch at vaxxine.com Sun Mar 14 08:51:45 1999 From: fletch at vaxxine.com (JOHN and SUE FLETCHER) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 08:51:45 -0500 Subject: Butterfly in Winter References: <36EACA98.2C7AFCB1@home.com> Message-ID: <7cgkss$n26$1@news.vaxxine.com> valeries at home.com wrote in message <36EACA98.2C7AFCB1 at home.com>... >I live in Ft. McMurray, Alberta. This morning with -1 celcius, I found >a very large, black & orange butterfly perched on my metal shed. Does >anyone have any ideas where this butterfly came from? > >I am stumped as to what to tell my children. >valeries at home.com Could be a Mourning Cloak (Nymphalis antiopa). This butterfly overwinters as an adult usually hiding in the bark of trees and is inactive most of the winter but on a bright sunny day when the sun warms its wings it will go for a short flight get a small sip of water to rehydrate and disappear back into the bark of a tree trunk. I I've seen quite a few in flight over the years here in Southern Ontario perhaps someone reading this can confirm if they extend as far north as your locale. From gganweiler at sprint.ca Sun Mar 14 11:45:01 1999 From: gganweiler at sprint.ca (Gary Anweiler) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 16:45:01 GMT Subject: Butterfly in Winter References: <7cgkss$n26$1@news.vaxxine.com>, <19990314101346.05798.00000477@ng16.aol.com> Message-ID: <01be6e3a$4e9ca5c0$49c494d1@default> Although a Moth fanatic, I do live in the general environs so feel qualified to provide a guess as to species. Definitely a Nymphalid - and probably either Nymphalis j-album, the Compton's Tortoiseshell (they were commoner than usual last season), N. milberti - the Milbert's Tortoisehell, or one of the Poly9nia sp. The Red Admiral is also a possibility - but it would be a longer shot. I agree the Mourning Cloak would probably not get called a red and black butterfly. Gary Anweiler, Edmonton AB Canada From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Sun Mar 14 12:39:28 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 12:39:28 -0500 Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: <36EBF450.7C9D@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Can anyone tell me which spp. (rubrofasciata or arthemis) is found in Winnipeg for Limenitis arthemis, and also if there are any spp recognized for Pieris rapae and if so, is it P. rapae rapae? Xi Wang From valeries at home.com Sun Mar 14 14:56:11 1999 From: valeries at home.com (valeries at home.com) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 19:56:11 GMT Subject: Butterfly in Winter Message-ID: <36EC1409.C8C88BDA@home.com> Thank you everyone, we are very excited about the great response we have received. The butterfly in question, is about 2 1/2" wingspan, definately dark orange, and black. Comparing to pics at http://www.mpwrc.usgs.gov. I believe I have a Northern or Gorgone Checkerspot, except for the size, or I might have a Milberts tortoishell. In answer to M. Gochfeld we are at 57 deg. N. From twarren at home.com Sun Mar 14 17:47:18 1999 From: twarren at home.com (Twarren) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 14:47:18 -0800 Subject: unsubscribe leps-L Twarren Message-ID: <04e101be6e6c$9d7b9d40$f8f04118@CS742343-A.cgws1.ab.wave.home.com> unsubscribe leps-L Twarren From Katoup at ix.netcom.com Sun Mar 14 17:54:29 1999 From: Katoup at ix.netcom.com (Stacy) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 17:54:29 -0500 Subject: moth question Message-ID: <004901be6e6d$9f85f6c0$895e23c7@stacy> Has anyone ever heard of Acherontia Styx? If so, could you give me some information on this moth species? Stacy From hankb at theriver.com Sun Mar 14 18:02:37 1999 From: hankb at theriver.com (Hank & Priscilla Brodkin) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 16:02:37 -0700 Subject: SEABA March 13 Field Trip Message-ID: <36EC400D.346C1CAE@theriver.com> On March 13, SEABA (The Southeastern Arizona Butterfly Association) had it's inaugural field trip at Patagonia Lake State Park in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. It was a beautiful windless day with the temperature reaching the high 60's. The trip leader, Rich Bailowitz, coauthor of "Butterflies of Southeast Arizona", timed the trip to the bloom of Senicio salignus, a good spring nectar source in this area. Some 20 participants, guided by Rich's expertise, hiked up and through Sonoita Creek, finding some some 20 species for the day. The species seen were: White-barred Skipper (Atrytonopsis pittacus) Orange Skipperling (Copaeodes aurantiacus) White Common Checkered-Skipper (Pyrgus albescens) Funereal Duskywing (Erynnis funeralis) Mournful Duskywing (E. tristis) Arizona Pwdered-Skipper (Systasea zampa) Golden-headed Scallopwing (Staphylus ceos) Pipevine Swallowtail (Battus philenor) Pearly Marble (Euchloe hyantis) Dainty Sulphur (Nathalis iole) Sleepy Orange (Eurema nicippe) Fatal Metalmark (Calephelis nemisis) Zela metalmark (Emesis zela) Gray hairstreak (Strymon melinus) Marine Blue (Leptotes marina) American Snout (Libytheana carinenta) Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia) Texas Crescent (Anthanassa texana) Mourning Cloak (Nymphalis antiopa) -- Hank Brodkin Carr Canyon, Cochise County, AZ 31.45N, 110.27W Send Mailto:hankb at theriver.com From mark.boddington at st-johns.oxford.ac.uk Sun Mar 14 18:02:53 1999 From: mark.boddington at st-johns.oxford.ac.uk (Mark Boddington) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 23:02:53 -0000 Subject: moth question In-Reply-To: <004901be6e6d$9f85f6c0$895e23c7@stacy> Message-ID: <000001be6e6e$ca87ade0$08b501a3@stu008.sjc.ox.ac.uk> http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/tpittaway/sphingid/a_sty.htm > -----Original Message----- > From: owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu [mailto:owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu]On > Behalf Of Stacy > Sent: 14 March 1999 22:54 > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > Cc: katoup at ix.netcom.com > Subject: moth question > > > Has anyone ever heard of Acherontia Styx? > If so, could you give me some information on this moth species? > > Stacy > > From sheri at butterflywings.com Sun Mar 14 17:53:15 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 14:53:15 -0800 Subject: butterfly lecture tips Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990314145315.0073a240@mailhost.mbay.net> Ron, you wrote to Jana: >I have hand outs for both adults and children and tips on >what makes a good program and how long. Will be more than >willing to snail-mail to anyone who preaches for the b'flies. I'd love to share tips with you and anyone else out there, with a view to improving my presentation. My address is at the bottom of this message, if you have handouts you can mail me. If anyone wants a copy of my handouts, please send me your snail mail address privately! Here's what I do currently: I teach one-hour classes to schools, garden clubs, retirement homes, etc. I generally start out with a slide show, then gather the group into a circle (on the floor for kids!) and pass around a lot of hands-on live and preserved samples. At the end of my talk, we tag an adult Monarch, and take it outside and release it. I have a 2 page butterfly gardening handout, and some coloring sheets I leave with the teachers, and they usually buy a milkweed plant and a couple of Monarch caterpillars at my reduced educational rate. (Slight digression here: Like Mary, I come dressed for the part of The Butterfly Lady in a butterfly t-shirt, jacket, and/or vest. Hadn't thought of a hat, however!!! I was teaching a group of Kindergarteners last fall, and was wearing my Hungry Caterpillars t-shirt, when a fire alarm sounded. It was their very first fire drill, and they were terrified (the front office had neglected to notify the K. teachers that it was going to happen so they could prepare the kids in advance, and the teachers were livid). Many of the kids were crying and all were upset at the disruption and the noise and of course they all thought their classroom was going to burn up--bookbags and lunch boxes and all. I used my caterpillar t-shirt to distract them--how many, which is scariest, etc.--and it was a BIG success!!) One of the things on my To Do list is to put together an advance suggestion sheet for teachers so they can prepare the class for my lectures. Currently, I just verbally ask the teacher, when scheduling the class, to have the kids brainstorm on the board or on a large tablet: (1) What do we know about butterflies? (food, lifecycle, predators, etc.) (2) What would we like to know about butterflies? (you'd be amazed!) When I arrive, I hand the teacher a list of words I'd like to have written on the board that I will use during the class (either the teacher, the aide, or one of the children write these on the board while I'm setting up). The words include: Lepidoptera, metamorphosis, instar, chrysalis, larva, pupa, cocoon, migration, diapause, predator, camouflage, overwinter, etc., and depend on the age group I'm speaking to. At the end of my talk, we go over the vocabulary words and their brainstormed lists of questions, and they answer their own questions with info they've learned during the talk, or if I've missed something, I answer it. Usually my talks are scheduled in the middle of a class unit on metamorphosis. For follow-on projects, I suggest to the teacher that the students invent an insect, drawing a picture or sculpting what it looks like, and describing in writing the insect's lifecycle, including incomplete or complete metamorphosis, what it eats, how it escapes from predators, how it defends itself, how long it lives, how it survives bad weather, and how it reproduces (depending on age of students). This project can easily take up to a week to complete, and involves science, art and math. If it's a local school, I GLADLY return FREE to the classroom to see the results of their projects and admire their efforts!!! And also to answer any new questions that may have arisen in the interim... This is probably my most favorite part of my job!! Smiles to all! Sheri Moreau P.O. Box 7253 Carmel, CA 93921 Sheri Moreau The Butterfly Conservancy, Carmel, California email: From mikayak at ix.netcom.com Sun Mar 14 20:33:08 1999 From: mikayak at ix.netcom.com (Mike Soukup) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 20:33:08 -0500 Subject: moth question References: <000001be6e6e$ca87ade0$08b501a3@stu008.sjc.ox.ac.uk> Message-ID: <36EC6354.3BE28656@ix.netcom.com> A. styx is a Sphinx moth (family Sphingiidae). There are three moths in this genus. All 3 are known as "Death's Head Sphinxes" - due to the percieved "skull" pattern on the back of the thorax. However, I think A. styx looks more like a "Ku Klux Klan" sphinx as the pattern on the thorax reminds me of a hooded figure. A. styx ranges throughout China, India, Indonesia down into the austrailian region. Check out the photo and more info at Anthony Pittaway's site at: http://hometown.aol.com/tpittaway/sphingid/list.htm Good luck Mark Boddington wrote: > http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/tpittaway/sphingid/a_sty.htm > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu [mailto:owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu]On > > Behalf Of Stacy > > Sent: 14 March 1999 22:54 > > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > > Cc: katoup at ix.netcom.com > > Subject: moth question > > > > > > Has anyone ever heard of Acherontia Styx? > > If so, could you give me some information on this moth species? > > > > Stacy > > > > From dmillard at mail.utexas.edu Sun Mar 14 23:40:18 1999 From: dmillard at mail.utexas.edu (David Antony Millard) Date: Sun, 14 Mar 1999 22:40:18 -0600 Subject: digest 661 References: <199903130501.AAA25282@gr.its.yale.edu> Message-ID: <36EC8F2B.56CAA11C@mail.utexas.edu> > Subject: The Illustrated Encyclopedia > Date: Fri, 12 Mar 1999 01:16:18 EST > From: MMintz4912 at aol.com > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > > The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World is by Paul Smart. > Different from the Encyclopedia of Butterflies. I actually am looking for a > copy of the Illustrated Encyclopedia, as well as a copy of The Biology of > Butterflies (Royal Ent. Soc. Symposium, 1984). BioQuip had both last year, > but the books are out of print and they don't have any copies. Anyone know > where they might be found? > > -Michael Dear Michael, I have an extra copy of The Biology of Butterflies. Email me at dmillard at mail.utexas.edu, if you are still interested, and we can discuss a mutually pleasing transaction. Regards, David From John.Snyder at furman.edu Mon Mar 15 08:48:07 1999 From: John.Snyder at furman.edu (John Snyder) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 08:48:07 -0500 Subject: Moths Message-ID: <85256735.004BDC09.00@nameserver1.furman.edu> Stacy wrote: I know you guys mostly talk about butterflies,but does anyone know of any websites that have lists of moths of the world on it? >>>Here's another web site, where many North American moths are listed, with links to their pictures (larvae and adults). http://www.furman.edu/~snyder/leplist/ John john.snyder at furman.edu From entomology at home.com Mon Mar 15 19:42:02 1999 From: entomology at home.com (T.Warren) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 16:42:02 -0800 Subject: sorry for the error in sending my mail to the list. Message-ID: <074801be6f45$ceb445e0$f8f04118@CS742343-A.cgws1.ab.wave.home.com> I must indeed say sorry for the e-mail being directed to the list instead of the computer...I am brain-dead when it comes to the computers. I had myself subscribed under all three of my e-mail accounts, which meant three copies of every e-mail.Can you imagine? I think that I am straightened out, and it won't happen again. Sorry! Tracey Warren From omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu Mon Mar 15 16:19:49 1999 From: omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu (omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu) Date: Mon, 15 Mar 1999 16:19:49 -0500 Subject: subfamilies of Noctuidae Message-ID: <36ED7975.2162C979@tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu> Has there been a revision involving the subfamilies Catocalinae, Erebinae, and Ophiderinae of the family Noctuidae? It appears that some species once in Catocaline and Erebinae have been moved to Ophiderinae. Is Erebinae a valid subfamily and who is the authority for these changes? O.G. Marti, Jr. omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu From spruance at infinet.com Tue Mar 16 08:27:33 1999 From: spruance at infinet.com (Eric or Pat Metzler) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 08:27:33 -0500 Subject: subfamilies of Noctuidae References: <36ED7975.2162C979@tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu> Message-ID: <36EE5C45.4877@infinet.com> You can pretty well take your pick. Recent works by Scoble, Poole and Poole, Kitching and Rawlins, and Nowacki and Fibiger each propose different schemes. The latter two most closely resemble each other. The latter two, also the most recent, do not have Ophiderinae, but they do have a couple subfamilies not previously mentioned, such as Calpinae. I would imagine that as long as you are consistent, several options are available. Good luck, Eric Metzler Columbus OH omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu wrote: > > Has there been a revision involving the subfamilies Catocalinae, > Erebinae, and Ophiderinae of the family Noctuidae? It appears that some > species once in Catocaline and Erebinae have been moved to Ophiderinae. > Is Erebinae a valid subfamily and who is the authority for these > changes? > > O.G. Marti, Jr. omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu From naebean at hotmail.com Tue Mar 16 09:15:35 1999 From: naebean at hotmail.com (nina elshiekh) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 06:15:35 PST Subject: saddleback caterpillar Message-ID: <19990316141536.2844.qmail@hotmail.com> I was looking through an eyewitness series book on moths and butterflies and found a picture of a strange caterpillar that I'd seen last august hanging out on my passionvine. It was a saddleback and from the description it was a full grown one. The book noted that this is a more tropical species, so i wonder if it is an uncommon site here in North Carolina. Is the passionvine it's host plant? Nina Elshiekh Chapel Hill, NC USA Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu Tue Mar 16 10:38:20 1999 From: omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu (O.G. Marti, Jr.) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 10:38:20 -0500 Subject: subfamilies of Noctuidae In-Reply-To: <36EE5C45.4877@infinet.com> Message-ID: <19990316102806.afe0b848dac711d2b97300a0c96fc0b5.in@tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu> > You can pretty well take your pick. Recent works by Scoble, Poole and > Poole, Kitching and Rawlins, and Nowacki and Fibiger each propose > different schemes. The latter two most closely resemble each other. > The latter two, also the most recent, do not have Ophiderinae, but they > do have a couple subfamilies not previously mentioned, such as Calpinae. > Eric: Thanks for your message. I have Poole (Lepidopterorum Catalogus, Noctuidae, 1989) but I don't have the other authors you mentioned. Do you have the references for their work? Thanks again. O.G. Marti, Jr. > I would imagine that as long as you are consistent, several options are > available. > > Good luck, > > Eric Metzler > Columbus OH > > omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu wrote: > > > > Has there been a revision involving the subfamilies Catocalinae, > > Erebinae, and Ophiderinae of the family Noctuidae? It appears that some > > species once in Catocaline and Erebinae have been moved to Ophiderinae. > > Is Erebinae a valid subfamily and who is the authority for these > > changes? > > > > O.G. Marti, Jr. omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu > Orville G. Marti, Jr., Microbiologist USDA, ARS, IBPMRL PO Box 748 Tifton, GA. 31793 omarti at tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu Phone: 912-387-2328 (office) Phone: 912-387-2350 (lab) FAX : 912-387-2321 WEB: http://sacs.cpes.peachnet.edu/ibpmrl From sheri at butterflywings.com Tue Mar 16 12:03:35 1999 From: sheri at butterflywings.com (Sheri Moreau) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 09:03:35 -0800 Subject: Collecting Monarch larvae near to molting Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990316090335.0073fb70@mailhost.mbay.net> Harlen, I pick up larvae that are near to molting all the time, almost every day, in fact. If you are gentle and VERY careful, it appears to have no adverse impact on them whatsoever (despite all the warnings I've read)...I have beautiful chrysalides right now! I prefer not to pick up ones whose head cases have fallen forward, but if it's necessary, I will do it. I DON'T pick them up after they've molted until after they've eaten their discarded skin and their tentacles are back in the normal position. The other option is to cut out a segment of leaf around the larvae, and transfer the whole thing to a safe container. Better to be gently moved at a non-ideal time, then eaten by a mockingbird!! (Well, the mockingbirds would disagree with me, but throw them some peanuts, and you'll have a friend for life! I know a professor at the Naval Postgraduate School who used peanuts to train a Stellar's Jay to fly in his office window, sit on top of the computer monitor, and take peanuts from his fingers. The bird's been coming back for 5 years, often with his offspring in tow!) Sheri From butrfly at epix.net Tue Mar 16 14:38:45 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (butrfly at epix.net) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 11:38:45 -0800 Subject: saddleback caterpillar References: <19990316141536.2844.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: <36EEB345.3F60@epix.net> nina elshiekh wrote: > > I was looking through an eyewitness series book on moths and butterflies > and found a picture of a strange caterpillar that I'd seen last august > hanging out on my passionvine. It was a saddleback and from the > description it was a full grown one. The book noted that this is a more > tropical species, so i wonder if it is an uncommon site here in North > Carolina. Is the passionvine it's host plant? > Sibine stimulea, the saddleback, feeds on apple, cherry, pawpaw, oak, blueberry, corn,and rose. The larvas only an inch long at maturity. It can be found from MA to Fl and west to Missouri. The spines can be painful against the skin. Rick Mikula From viceroy at gate.net Tue Mar 16 17:29:54 1999 From: viceroy at gate.net (Anne Kilmer) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 17:29:54 -0500 Subject: saddleback caterpillar References: <19990316141536.2844.qmail@hotmail.com> <36EEB345.3F60@epix.net> Message-ID: <36EEDB62.485967C8@gate.net> butrfly at EPIX.NET wrote: > > nina elshiekh wrote: > > > > I was looking through an eyewitness series book on moths and butterflies > > and found a picture of a strange caterpillar that I'd seen last august > > hanging out on my passionvine. It was a saddleback and from the > > description it was a full grown one. The book noted that this is a more > > tropical species, so i wonder if it is an uncommon site here in North > > Carolina. Is the passionvine it's host plant? > > > > Sibine stimulea, the saddleback, feeds on apple, cherry, pawpaw, oak, blueberry, > corn,and rose. The larvas only an inch long at maturity. It can be found from > MA to Fl and west to Missouri. The spines can be painful against the skin. > > Rick Mikula It's pretty undiscriminating. I stopped training my topiary willow when the saddlebacks retaliated. I don't know any tree they don't like. Moths ain't necessarily choosy. These, like the Io moth, are gorgeous caterpillars. But they do have urticating hairs. Dab the spot with a piece of duct tape first ... then use your soothing unguents. Anne Kilmer South florida From mothman617 at aol.com Tue Mar 16 17:52:44 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 16 Mar 1999 22:52:44 GMT Subject: moth question References: <004901be6e6d$9f85f6c0$895e23c7@stacy> Message-ID: <19990316175244.17650.00000164@ng18.aol.com> Yes. Acherontia styx is better known as the 'Deaths Head Hawkmoth'. It is found throughout southern Europe, Central Asia and N. Africa. Many other species of Acherontia can be found throughout Asia and Indonesia. The larva feeds upon Deadly Nightshade and other members of the Solanaceae. There are many superstitions surrounding this moth due to the conspicuous 'skull' like markings upon the thorax and is thought to bring bad luck, misfortune or a death in ones family if one is encountered inside ones dwelling. During the 1600's in Europe, if one of these moths were seen on ones property, the owner would then be accused of being a witch and thus prosecuted and sent to the gallows. This moth even had its Hollywood movie debut in the 1991 thriller 'Silence of the Lambs'. From mark.boddington at st-johns.oxford.ac.uk Tue Mar 16 18:40:07 1999 From: mark.boddington at st-johns.oxford.ac.uk (Mark Boddington) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 23:40:07 -0000 Subject: moth question In-Reply-To: <19990316175244.17650.00000164@ng18.aol.com> Message-ID: <000201be7006$53036a40$08b501a3@stu008.sjc.ox.ac.uk> This information actually pertains to the closely related Acherontia atropos, which does occur in Europe. Acherontia styx is NOT a European species, but is similar in many respects - for more information refer to the URL in my recent post and also Mike Soukup's post. Also, http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/sph/hksphi.htm#HKSphingidae-List contains more Acherontia links and images of the third remaining member of the genus, A. lachesis. Regards, Mark. > -----Original Message----- > From: owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu [mailto:owner-leps-l at lists.yale.edu]On > Behalf Of Mothman617 > Sent: 16 March 1999 22:53 > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > Subject: Re: moth question > > > Yes. Acherontia styx is better known as the 'Deaths Head > Hawkmoth'. It is found > throughout southern Europe, Central Asia and N. Africa. Many > other species of > Acherontia can be found throughout Asia and Indonesia. The larva > feeds upon > Deadly Nightshade and other members of the Solanaceae. There are many > superstitions surrounding this moth due to the conspicuous 'skull' like > markings upon the thorax and is thought to bring bad luck, misfortune or a > death in ones family if one is encountered inside ones dwelling. > During the > 1600's in Europe, if one of these moths were seen on ones > property, the owner > would then be accused of being a witch and thus prosecuted and > sent to the > gallows. > This moth even had its Hollywood movie debut in the 1991 thriller > 'Silence of > the Lambs'. > > From timbukt2 at excite.com Tue Mar 16 20:39:43 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 17:39:43 PST Subject: The Saddleback (Sibine stimulea) Message-ID: <921634783.23770.954@excite.com> I have reared S. stimulea from eggs in Florida. Yes, many hosts including Hibiscus, Citrus, Gelsemium, Oleander, and Amyrillis in that region. The adult is a pretty little moth, described by W.J. Holland, I believe. Stinging hairs are retained in the cocoon. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 16 21:02:04 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 21:02:04 -0500 Subject: Eastern San Diego Co. Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2BB@hqmail.gensym.com> Finally some rain here in SoCal. It actually snowed down to 1500 ft. Here's a field report from Shelter Valley, San Diego county, California, USA on March 12, 1999. A wonderful day in the desert, with many interesting butterflies on the wing: Anthocharis sara sara, including form caliente/stella (Sara Orangetip) - 5 Anthocharis lanceolata australis (Grinnell's Marble) - 1 Euphydryas chalcedona quino (Quino Checkerspot) - 12 Calephelis wrightii (Wright's Metalmark) - 1 Glaucopsyche lygdamus australis (Southern Blue) - > 100 Callophrys affinis (Bramble Hairstreak) - > 100 Also a day flying black and white moth (couldn't id it). Too small for Hemileuca - estimated 4 cm wingspan. Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA From fred_heath at power-one.com Tue Mar 16 21:39:41 1999 From: fred_heath at power-one.com (fred_heath at power-one.com) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 1999 18:39:41 -0800 Subject: Eastern San Diego Co. Message-ID: <9903169216.AA921638379@smtp.power-one.com> Mark, Your moth was probably a Riding's Forester (Alypia ridingsi). I always have a heck of a time convincing new butterfly watchers that it is a really a moth. Interestingly, the real name of Shelter Valley is Earthquake Valley, but the local real estate people felt that name might be a determent to their profession. -----Fred ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Eastern San Diego Co. Author: at -INTERNET-MAIL Date: 3/16/99 9:02 PM Finally some rain here in SoCal. It actually snowed down to 1500 ft. Here's a field report from Shelter Valley, San Diego county, California, USA on March 12, 1999. A wonderful day in the desert, with many interesting butterflies on the wing: Anthocharis sara sara, including form caliente/stella (Sara Orangetip) - 5 Anthocharis lanceolata australis (Grinnell's Marble) - 1 Euphydryas chalcedona quino (Quino Checkerspot) - 12 Calephelis wrightii (Wright's Metalmark) - 1 Glaucopsyche lygdamus australis (Southern Blue) - > 100 Callophrys affinis (Bramble Hairstreak) - > 100 Also a day flying black and white moth (couldn't id it). Too small for Hemileuca - estimated 4 cm wingspan. Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA From zagatti at versailles.inra.fr Wed Mar 17 03:18:36 1999 From: zagatti at versailles.inra.fr (Pierre Zagatti) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 09:18:36 +0100 Subject: Arctiidae plates Message-ID: <36EF655C.BE9AA6AC@versailles.inra.fr> Dear leppers, I just tried a new way to identify species in the Catalogue of Lepidoptera of the Antilles. Now you can access plates (with different sizes varying with your screen resolution), and by directly clicking on the plates you have access to the species pages. The most recent browsers (Netscape 4.5 but not my release of Internet Explorer) shows the name of species following your mouse ! I realize that the links to species do not work with _ancient_ browsers (I tried Mosaic 2.0) but things must evolve. I made this for the Arctiidae only: http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/arctiid/texteng/arctiide.htm Try it and let me know if you have some problems with it. -- Pierre ZAGATTI INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques 78026 Versailles Cedex FRANCE Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ From haendel at zoologie.uni-halle.de Wed Mar 17 13:22:11 1999 From: haendel at zoologie.uni-halle.de (Joachim Haendel) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 10:22:11 -0800 Subject: moth question References: <004901be6e6d$9f85f6c0$895e23c7@stacy>, <19990316175244.17650.00000164@ng18.aol.com> Message-ID: <36EFF2D3.97D@zoologie.uni-halle.de> >Yes. Acherontia styx is better known as the 'Deaths Head Hawkmoth'. It is found >throughout southern Europe, Central Asia and N. Africa. No, the 'Deaths Head Hawkmoth' from southern Europe, Middle East and N. Africa is Acherontia atropos. >Many other species of Acherontia can be found throughout Asia and Indonesia. It is also not correct. There are only 3 species of the genus Acherontia: A. atropos (Europe, Middle East and Africa) A. lachesis (S- and SE-Asia) A. styx with 2 Subspecies A. styx styx (Arabia, Middle and East Asia) A. styx medusa (= A.styx crathis)S- and SE-Asia Best wishes Joachim ______________________________________________________ Joachim Haendel Institut fuer Zoologie der Martin-Luther-Universitaet Domplatz 4 D-06099 Halle (Saale) Germany Tel.: +49 345 - 55 26 447 Fax.: +49 345 - 55 27 152 E-mail: haendel at zoologie.uni-halle.de ______________________________________________________ http://www.biologie.uni-halle.de/Zoology/zool.html From snylin at zoologi.su.se Wed Mar 17 06:16:43 1999 From: snylin at zoologi.su.se (Soren Nylin) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:16:43 +0100 Subject: "Nymphalis vaualbum" taxonomy Message-ID: <199903171116.MAA08984@mail.datakom.su.se> Hi there on the list, Together with collegues I have been working for a long time on the phylogeny of Nymphalini, as you have heard over the years. We are now soon ready to submit the paper, and let me take this opportunity to sincerely thank everyone who has contributed somehow or another! I lost one version of the manuscript in a computer crash, and I may have lost some names of people who should be mentioned in the acknowledgements in the process, I hope not... But onto my specific questions for the list: We are now convinced that available evidence does not support inclusion of "vaualbum" (the correct name may be l-album) in Nymphalis, since this species or species group is more closely related to Polygonia (in the strict sense) according to both morphology and DNA. The similarity to Nymphalis is ancestral. The species has in fact been named "Polygonia l-album" for a long time by European and Japanese authors, but lately the use of "Nymphalis vaualbum" has been adopted by both, as well as by Americans. Even more closely related to the strict Polygonia is "Kaniska canace" or "Polygonia canace", an Asian species which superficially looks very different from either of the above (being black and blue or green dorsally) and larvae eat monecyteledon plants (!), but these differences are only unique for the species (autapomorphies) and do not bear on phylogenetic relationships. On the underside and inside, and when considering immature stages or DNA it is clearly very closely related to Polygonia, albeit equally clearly outside of the "proper" Polygonias. Nymphalis and Polygonia in the wide sense are sister taxa, which explains why a species at the base of the Polygonia branch can be very similar to a "proper" Nymphalis. Aglais urticae and milberti are well outside of these species and cannot be included in Nymphalis, as is often proposed. Inachis io is also outside. 1) I would like your opinions on whether we should propose including both vaualbum/l-album and canace in Polygonia or whether we should propose using Kaniska for canace and a genus of its own for vaualbum/l-album. Both are correct cladistically. In favour of the former speaks: fewer generic names (Kaniska and the new genus would have only one species each, as currently recognized) and the fact that this carries the information that they belong on the Polygonia branch. It is also a usage which has previously been adopted. In favour of the latter scheme speaks recognition of the fact that Polygonia excluding these two species is a very "good" genus with many species, which are held together by a large number of uniquely derived traits (synapomorphies), whereas Kaniska certainly is very distinct from these species in appearence and habits. And if Kaniska is given a genus then so must "vaualbum", so as not to make Polygonia paraphyletic.... It's a matter of taste, so I ask yours! 2) Can anyone more familiar with the rules than I am decide if there is an available genus for "vaualbum"? Scudder placed the species in Eugonia Hubner, which is not used now that I know of, but the type species for this genus is polychloros which of course remains in Nymphalis and is also the type for this genus. The firsts description may have been under the genus Phalaena, but this is one of the old genera which was used for everything.. What are the rules regarding generic names? 3) Similarly, should we suggest vaualbum or l-album? The former is older (Dennis & Schiffermuller 1775) but published without description, the latter is from Esper 1780 who described the species. Authors like Stichel 1911 (in Seitz vol 1) and Seitz 1914 thought the latter should be used, but recently vaualbum has popped up again. Questions, questions... Here's your chance to have opinions! Best regards Soren Soren Nylin Lecturer/Associate Professor of Animal Ecology http://www.zoologi.su.se/research/ecology.html Coordinator of graduate courses in Ecology, Ethology and Evolution http://www.zoologi.su.se/education/PhD-BIOLOGY/biohome.html Department of Zoology Stockholm University S-106 91 Stockholm SWEDEN Soren.Nylin at zoologi.su.se Tel +46-8-164033 Fax 167715 From joe at bio.umass.edu Wed Mar 17 06:50:35 1999 From: joe at bio.umass.edu (Joe Kunkel) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 06:50:35 -0500 Subject: Arctiidae plates References: <36EF655C.BE9AA6AC@versailles.inra.fr> Message-ID: <36EF970B.A0511A22@bio.umass.edu> Pierre, Very nice progress on your Lep Catalogue of the Antilles. I like your clickable visual map of plates in adjustable sizes. We are making some grudging progress on the World Noctuid plate/figure/image database, URL: http://marlin.bio.umass.edu/biology/kunkel/poster/amherst/ Our intion is to provide access to as many of the classic images of Noctuids as well as the text of their original descriptions. So far we have bits and pieces such as the plates and _Catocala_ text of Strecker, and Barnes & McDunnough plates and figures and Hampson plates as well as _Catocala_ figures and Vermes _Catocala_ slides arrayed in an HTML/frames _ad hoc_ format. Now we are creating a database structure in which we hope to access them all in a unified way. We have created that framework around the Hampson noctuid plates and now have to cut them into individual figures as we have for the _Catocala_. You can view the 'Unified Database Project' at URL: http://informatics.bio.umass.edu/research/ We are providing access to it in this unfinished state to invite critics to suggest changes. Joe Pierre Zagatti wrote: > > Dear leppers, > > I just tried a new way to identify species in the Catalogue of > Lepidoptera of the Antilles. > Now you can access plates (with different sizes varying with your screen > resolution), > and by directly clicking on the plates you have access to the species > pages. > > The most recent browsers (Netscape 4.5 but not my release of Internet > Explorer) > shows the name of species following your mouse ! > > I realize that the links to species do not work with _ancient_ browsers > (I tried Mosaic 2.0) > but things must evolve. > > I made this for the Arctiidae only: > > http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/arctiid/texteng/arctiide.htm > > Try it and let me know if you have some problems with it. > > -- > Pierre ZAGATTI > INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques > 78026 Versailles Cedex > FRANCE > Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 > e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr > http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ -- -------------------- Joseph G. Kunkel, Professor Biology Department joe at bio.umass.edu University of Massachusetts http://www.bio.umass.edu/biology/kunkel Amherst MA 01003 From 1_iron at email.msn.com Wed Mar 17 10:20:12 1999 From: 1_iron at email.msn.com (Jim Taylor) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 10:20:12 -0500 Subject: "Parsimony" program for clade studies Message-ID: <000501be7089$a89637c0$2c870a3f@kylepsoc> Hi, Folks. I read the other day about a program to determine the degree to which species, genera, etc., are related to each other, and the tool in use was a program using the principle of parsimony. The name suggests a comparison of some sort of characteristics of the critters under study with those sharing the most being the most closely related. One could do this readily with a simple spread sheet program, I suppose, but the idea of a program written specifically to that purpose is intriguing. I should like to look into this further. Anyone know of this program, and how I might obtain a copy for study? Anyone have an opinion on the veracity of the results compared to, say, a DNA analysis? How would one go about choosing the most meaningful characteristics for comparison? How would one weigh the characteristics so chosen? Comments appreciated. Jim Taylor From kerichers at wasco.k12.ca.us Wed Mar 17 11:00:33 1999 From: kerichers at wasco.k12.ca.us (Kelly Richers) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 08:00:33 -0800 Subject: Eastern San Diego Co. Message-ID: We also have Alypia mariposa here in Kern County to the north, but I find it sparingly in April >>> 03/16 6:39 PM >>> Mark, Your moth was probably a Riding's Forester (Alypia ridingsi). I always have a heck of a time convincing new butterfly watchers that it is a really a moth. Interestingly, the real name of Shelter Valley is Earthquake Valley, but the local real estate people felt that name might be a determent to their profession. -----Fred ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Eastern San Diego Co. Author: at -INTERNET-MAIL Date: 3/16/99 9:02 PM Finally some rain here in SoCal. It actually snowed down to 1500 ft. Here's a field report from Shelter Valley, San Diego county, California, USA on March 12, 1999. A wonderful day in the desert, with many interesting butterflies on the wing: Anthocharis sara sara, including form caliente/stella (Sara Orangetip) - 5 Anthocharis lanceolata australis (Grinnell's Marble) - 1 Euphydryas chalcedona quino (Quino Checkerspot) - 12 Calephelis wrightii (Wright's Metalmark) - 1 Glaucopsyche lygdamus australis (Southern Blue) - > 100 Callophrys affinis (Bramble Hairstreak) - > 100 Also a day flying black and white moth (couldn't id it). Too small for Hemileuca - estimated 4 cm wingspan. Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA From MWalker at gensym.com Wed Mar 17 12:08:32 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 12:08:32 -0500 Subject: Eastern San Diego Co. Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2BC@hqmail.gensym.com> Eric, The classification of this checkerspot has been confounded by the use of the name "Quino". The butterfly is a sub-species (or race) of chalcedona, and is principally found in the arid eastern foothills of the Laguna mountains. It is not a sub-species of E. editha. I understand that the common name "Quino Checkerspot" has been used for the sub-species of E. editha that flies in the coastal foothills of Orange and San Diego Co. (and is currently listed, I believe). That is not what I saw in the desert last Friday. Too bad! Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA > -----Original Message----- > From: eric w hein [SMTP:ewh1 at juno.com] > Sent: Tuesday, March 16, 1999 11:40 PM > To: MWalker at gensym.com > Subject: RE: Eastern San Diego Co. > > Hi Mark: > > I'm really curious about your observation of Quino checkerspot > butterflies near Shelter Valley, San Diego County. Can you tell me some > more about the exact location where you saw the 12 individuals, say on a > Thomas Brothers guide? Not to question your identification skills, but > are you sure the specimens were Quino checkerspot and not Chalcedon > checkerspot. This would be a new eastern location for Quino. I'd love > to learn more. For example, did you observe any dot seed plantain > (Plantago erecta), the Quino's larval food plant? > > Any information would be greatly appreciated. > > Eric Hein > ___________________________________________________________________ > You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. > Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html > or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866] From c.bergentomology at wxs.nl Wed Mar 17 12:13:25 1999 From: c.bergentomology at wxs.nl (C. van den Berg) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 18:13:25 +0100 Subject: Subscribe Leps-L Cornelis van den Berg Message-ID: <7726CDA557C.AAA3CDD@smtp04.wxs.nl> SUBSCRIBE-L Leps-L Cornelis (Kees) van den Berg From daldap at vpuserv.vpu.lt Wed Mar 17 14:20:17 1999 From: daldap at vpuserv.vpu.lt (Dalius Dapkus) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 19:20:17 +0000 Subject: Radius for attracting Lep In-Reply-To: <36EFF2D3.97D@zoologie.uni-halle.de> Message-ID: Does anybody knows what is the radius (in metres) from the lamp for attracting nocturnal Lepidoptera to light? The lamp is ML 160 W and it is hung at 2 metres height. I have heard that if such lamp is hung at 1 metre height, it attracts Lepidoptera within 50 metre radius. Are there any publications on this question? Sincerely, Dalius Dapkus From wthark at aol.com Wed Mar 17 13:35:59 1999 From: wthark at aol.com (Wthark) Date: 17 Mar 1999 18:35:59 GMT Subject: Spring Butterflies Message-ID: <19990317133559.25665.00000092@ng-fc1.aol.com> Early spring in Richmond, Virginia has been unusually cold with snow, sleet, rain and cold. After weeks of this weather and snow on March 15, I saw two Cabbage Whites on March 16. The temperature was 60 and it was the first day in the 60's for weeks. Bill Hark Bill's Photo Page http://www.geocities.com/~billhark Photos of butterflies, moths, tornadoes, storms and comets From litjens at ibm.net Wed Mar 17 13:48:59 1999 From: litjens at ibm.net (Mark Litjens) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 18:48:59 +0000 Subject: UK Butterflies Message-ID: <36EFF91B.3C227EF8@ibm.net> What have UK people been seeing this week so far in the mini heat wave? Since Saturday i have recorded 51 Brimstone and 1 Comma in Hampshire. Most around my place of work SW of Winchester. To me this is high but i have only been recording Butterfly numbers for 2 years (3rd spring). But i have not seen any Small Tortoiseshell or Peacock but i know people who have. Their emergence may just be patchy. Mark From be496 at lafn.org Wed Mar 17 08:39:48 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 13:39:48 +0000 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2BC@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: <36EFB0A4.72AB957D@lafn.org> Dear Mark & Eric, The subject bug is quite likely the Wright's ssp. of Leanira Checkerspot, Euphydryas leanira wrighti, found along desert edges. The endangered Quino ssp. of Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha quino is a synonym for and replaces Wright's Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha wrighti--found more coastally. Refer to John Emmel's section on Nomenclature Revisions in "Searching for Butterflies in Southern California." You might like to check out http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabala/index.htm under "hotspots" for the latest Anza-Borrego area list. Cheers, Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. be496 at lafn.org Mark Walker wrote: > > Eric, > > The classification of this checkerspot has been confounded by the use of the > name "Quino". The butterfly is a sub-species (or race) of chalcedona, and > is principally found in the arid eastern foothills of the Laguna mountains. > It is not a sub-species of E. editha. > > I understand that the common name "Quino Checkerspot" has been used for the > sub-species of E. editha that flies in the coastal foothills of Orange and > San Diego Co. (and is currently listed, I believe). That is not what I saw > in the desert last Friday. Too bad! > > Mark Walker > Mission Viejo, CA > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: eric w hein [SMTP:ewh1 at juno.com] > > Sent: Tuesday, March 16, 1999 11:40 PM > > To: MWalker at gensym.com > > Subject: RE: Eastern San Diego Co. > > > > Hi Mark: > > > > I'm really curious about your observation of Quino checkerspot > > butterflies near Shelter Valley, San Diego County. Can you tell me some > > more about the exact location where you saw the 12 individuals, say on a > > Thomas Brothers guide? Not to question your identification skills, but > > are you sure the specimens were Quino checkerspot and not Chalcedon > > checkerspot. This would be a new eastern location for Quino. I'd love > > to learn more. For example, did you observe any dot seed plantain > > (Plantago erecta), the Quino's larval food plant? > > > > Any information would be greatly appreciated. > > > > Eric Hein > > ___________________________________________________________________ > > You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. > > Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html > > or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866] From MWalker at gensym.com Wed Mar 17 17:16:12 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 17:16:12 -0500 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2C6@hqmail.gensym.com> Well, actually the checkerspot is Euphydryas chalcedona ssp. quino or some race with distinctive coloration, depending on your viewpoint. In Emmel and Emmel, it is described as the former, aka the Quino Checkerspot. It has more extensive red coloration than does E. c. chalcedona, but not as much as other desert forms of this species (nor is it as red as E. editha). All of these checkerspots are stunning, in my opinion. I haven't seen any Chlosyne [Thessalia] leanira yet this season. Wanda: Don't know if I'll make it tonight. P.P. is over an hour a way with no traffic. Mark Walker. > -----Original Message----- > From: wanda [SMTP:be496 at lafn.org] > Sent: Wednesday, March 17, 1999 8:40 AM > To: MWalker at gensym.com; ewh1 at juno.com > Cc: Leps internet; Dameron, Wanda > Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. > > Dear Mark & Eric, > > The subject bug is quite likely the Wright's ssp. of Leanira > Checkerspot, Euphydryas leanira wrighti, found along desert edges. > > The endangered Quino ssp. of Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha quino is > a > synonym for and replaces Wright's Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha > wrighti--found more coastally. > > Refer to John Emmel's section on Nomenclature Revisions in > "Searching > for Butterflies in Southern California." You might like to check out > http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabala/index.htm under "hotspots" for the > latest Anza-Borrego area list. > > Cheers, > > Wanda Dameron > Flutterby Press > Los Angeles, Calif. > be496 at lafn.org > > > Mark Walker wrote: > > > > Eric, > > > > The classification of this checkerspot has been confounded by the use of > the > > name "Quino". The butterfly is a sub-species (or race) of chalcedona, > and > > is principally found in the arid eastern foothills of the Laguna > mountains. > > It is not a sub-species of E. editha. > > > > I understand that the common name "Quino Checkerspot" has been used for > the > > sub-species of E. editha that flies in the coastal foothills of Orange > and > > San Diego Co. (and is currently listed, I believe). That is not what I > saw > > in the desert last Friday. Too bad! > > > > Mark Walker > > Mission Viejo, CA > > > > > -----Original Message----- > > > From: eric w hein [SMTP:ewh1 at juno.com] > > > Sent: Tuesday, March 16, 1999 11:40 PM > > > To: MWalker at gensym.com > > > Subject: RE: Eastern San Diego Co. > > > > > > Hi Mark: > > > > > > I'm really curious about your observation of Quino checkerspot > > > butterflies near Shelter Valley, San Diego County. Can you tell me > some > > > more about the exact location where you saw the 12 individuals, say on > a > > > Thomas Brothers guide? Not to question your identification skills, > but > > > are you sure the specimens were Quino checkerspot and not Chalcedon > > > checkerspot. This would be a new eastern location for Quino. I'd > love > > > to learn more. For example, did you observe any dot seed plantain > > > (Plantago erecta), the Quino's larval food plant? > > > > > > Any information would be greatly appreciated. > > > > > > Eric Hein > > > ___________________________________________________________________ > > > You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. > > > Get completely free e-mail from Juno at > http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html > > > or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866] From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Wed Mar 17 18:29:06 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 15:29:06 -0800 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: Mark Walker wrote: >Well, actually the checkerspot is Euphydryas chalcedona ssp. quino or some >race with distinctive coloration, depending on your viewpoint. In Emmel and >Emmel, it is described as the former, aka the Quino Checkerspot. It has >more extensive red coloration than does E. c. chalcedona, but not as much as >other desert forms of this species (nor is it as red as E. editha). All of >these checkerspots are stunning, in my opinion. Wanda was right - the name "Quino" was *mistakenly* applied to E. chalcedona hennei in the past, but is now applied to a subspecies of editha which *used* to be called E. e. wrighti. The confusion was because the type specimen of E. e. quino was destroyed in the San Francisco fire of 1906, and folks assumed that the name referred to E. c. hennei. The fact that the old "common" name for E. e. quino, "Wright's Checkerspot" is now applied to Thessalia leanira wrighti, just adds to the confusion. Further, that E. e. quino is now on the endangered list and the other two are not just makes matters an order of magnitude worse, since a small amount of confusion as to name can now have serious political repercussions. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Wed Mar 17 18:22:45 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 99 23:22:45 GMT Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2BC@hqmail.gensym.com>, <36EFB0A4.72AB957D@lafn.org> Message-ID: <921712965snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> In article <36EFB0A4.72AB957D at lafn.org> be496 at lafn.org "wanda" writes: > Dear Mark & Eric, > > The subject bug is quite likely the Wright's ssp. of Leanira > Checkerspot, Euphydryas leanira wrighti, found along desert edges. For give an intrusion from the other side of the "pond" but I think leanira is in Chlosyne not Euphydryas. Incidentally if you want to check what you have seen there is a Pucture of the genuine E. editha quino , which I took myself, in the checkerspot gallery on my homepages. Just follow the links. > > The endangered Quino ssp. of Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha quino is a > synonym for and replaces Wright's Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha > wrighti--found more coastally. > > Refer to John Emmel's section on Nomenclature Revisions in "Searching > for Butterflies in Southern California." You might like to check out > http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabala/index.htm under "hotspots" for the > latest Anza-Borrego area list. > > Cheers, > > Wanda Dameron > Flutterby Press > Los Angeles, Calif. > be496 at lafn.org > > > Mark Walker wrote: > > > > Eric, > > > > The classification of this checkerspot has been confounded by the use of the > > name "Quino". The butterfly is a sub-species (or race) of chalcedona, and > > is principally found in the arid eastern foothills of the Laguna mountains. > > It is not a sub-species of E. editha. > > > > I understand that the common name "Quino Checkerspot" has been used for the > > sub-species of E. editha that flies in the coastal foothills of Orange and > > San Diego Co. (and is currently listed, I believe). That is not what I saw > > in the desert last Friday. Too bad! > > > > Mark Walker > > Mission Viejo, CA > > > > > -----Original Message----- > > > From: eric w hein [SMTP:ewh1 at juno.com] > > > Sent: Tuesday, March 16, 1999 11:40 PM > > > To: MWalker at gensym.com > > > Subject: RE: Eastern San Diego Co. > > > > > > Hi Mark: > > > > > > I'm really curious about your observation of Quino checkerspot > > > butterflies near Shelter Valley, San Diego County. Can you tell me some > > > more about the exact location where you saw the 12 individuals, say on a > > > Thomas Brothers guide? Not to question your identification skills, but > > > are you sure the specimens were Quino checkerspot and not Chalcedon > > > checkerspot. This would be a new eastern location for Quino. I'd love > > > to learn more. For example, did you observe any dot seed plantain > > > (Plantago erecta), the Quino's larval food plant? > > > > > > Any information would be greatly appreciated. > > > > > > Eric Hein > > > ___________________________________________________________________ > > > You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. > > > Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html > > > or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866] > > -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From fred_heath at power-one.com Wed Mar 17 19:24:45 1999 From: fred_heath at power-one.com (fred_heath at power-one.com) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 16:24:45 -0800 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: <9903179217.AA921716687@smtp.power-one.com> And of course to confuse things further, I'll throw in the fact that the NABA checklist uses Thessalia as the genus name for the Leanira Checkerspot. Who was it that said the scientific names were less confusing?.... that was just a bad joke, please no nasty-grams. Also, not to argue with my friend, Wanda, but Euphydryas chalcedona henne would not be inconsistent with our own observations in both Sentenec and Plum Canyon at his time of year. Both of these locations are less than 3 miles from "Shelter" Valley. -----Fred ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Re: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Author: at -INTERNET-MAIL Date: 3/17/99 11:22 PM In article <36EFB0A4.72AB957D at lafn.org> be496 at lafn.org "wanda" writes: > Dear Mark & Eric, > > The subject bug is quite likely the Wright's ssp. of Leanira > Checkerspot, Euphydryas leanira wrighti, found along desert edges. For give an intrusion from the other side of the "pond" but I think leanira is in Chlosyne not Euphydryas. Incidentally if you want to check what you have seen there is a Pucture of the genuine E. editha quino , which I took myself, in the checkerspot gallery on my homepages. Just follow the links. > > The endangered Quino ssp. of Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha quino is a > synonym for and replaces Wright's Edith's Checkerspot, E. editha > wrighti--found more coastally. > > Refer to John Emmel's section on Nomenclature Revisions in "Searching > for Butterflies in Southern California." You might like to check out > http://www.naba.org/chapters/nabala/index.htm under "hotspots" for the > latest Anza-Borrego area list. > > Cheers, > > Wanda Dameron > Flutterby Press > Los Angeles, Calif. > be496 at lafn.org > > > Mark Walker wrote: > > > > Eric, > > > > The classification of this checkerspot has been confounded by the use of the > > name "Quino". The butterfly is a sub-species (or race) of chalcedona, and > > is principally found in the arid eastern foothills of the Laguna mountains. > > It is not a sub-species of E. editha. > > > > I understand that the common name "Quino Checkerspot" has been used for the > > sub-species of E. editha that flies in the coastal foothills of Orange and > > San Diego Co. (and is currently listed, I believe). That is not what I saw > > in the desert last Friday. Too bad! > > > > Mark Walker > > Mission Viejo, CA > > > > > -----Original Message----- > > > From: eric w hein [SMTP:ewh1 at juno.com] > > > Sent: Tuesday, March 16, 1999 11:40 PM > > > To: MWalker at gensym.com > > > Subject: RE: Eastern San Diego Co. > > > > > > Hi Mark: > > > > > > I'm really curious about your observation of Quino checkerspot > > > butterflies near Shelter Valley, San Diego County. Can you tell me some > > > more about the exact location where you saw the 12 individuals, say on a > > > Thomas Brothers guide? Not to question your identification skills, but > > > are you sure the specimens were Quino checkerspot and not Chalcedon > > > checkerspot. This would be a new eastern location for Quino. I'd love > > > to learn more. For example, did you observe any dot seed plantain > > > (Plantago erecta), the Quino's larval food plant? > > > > > > Any information would be greatly appreciated. > > > > > > Eric Hein > > > ___________________________________________________________________ > > > You don't need to buy Internet access to use free Internet e-mail. > > > Get completely free e-mail from Juno at http://www.juno.com/getjuno.html > > > or call Juno at (800) 654-JUNO [654-5866] > > -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Wed Mar 17 20:10:16 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1999 16:10:16 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: > And of course to confuse things further, I'll throw in the fact > that the NABA checklist uses Thessalia as the genus name for the > Leanira Checkerspot. The NABA list is hardly unique in that respect. Both the Hodges checklist (MONA) and the Miller/Brown catalogue use _Thessalia_ for this subgroup of _Chlosyne_ and raise it to generic rank. So this usage has been stable for some 16 years, at least... Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI Thu Mar 18 01:16:43 1999 From: niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI (Niklas Wahlberg) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 08:16:43 +0200 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. In-Reply-To: Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990318081643.009166c0@pop.helsinki.fi> Hi all, Just to make things a bit more confusing: in my cladistic analysis of checkerspot DNA sequences, Thessalia comes out in the middle of Chlosyne and so should be lowered to subgeneric rank, unless you want to create a new genus for the Central American Chlosyne... You can see a phylogeny of the checkerspots at http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/phylogeny.html Cheers, Niklas At 16:10 17.3.1999 -0900, Kenelm Philip wrote: > >> And of course to confuse things further, I'll throw in the fact >> that the NABA checklist uses Thessalia as the genus name for the >> Leanira Checkerspot. > > The NABA list is hardly unique in that respect. Both the Hodges >checklist (MONA) and the Miller/Brown catalogue use _Thessalia_ for this >subgroup of _Chlosyne_ and raise it to generic rank. So this usage has >been stable for some 16 years, at least... > > Ken Philip >fnkwp at uaf.edu > > _________________________________________________________________________ Niklas Wahlberg Department of Ecology and Systematics Division of Population Biology PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 Check out our www-site: http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ From tony.aw.prichard at bt.com Thu Mar 18 03:07:12 1999 From: tony.aw.prichard at bt.com (Prichard,AW,NAR7 PRICHAA2 M) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 08:07:12 -0000 Subject: UK Butterflies (with added Moths) Message-ID: <199903180816.DAA14971@gr.its.yale.edu> Here in Suffolk I haven't seen much on the butterfly front myself. Just a couple each of Peacocks and Small Tortoiseshells although I haven't been looking too hard. I have heard reports of the odd Brimstone and Comma around - but nothing to match the 51 Brimstones. On the moth front we have made the most of a couple of warm nights in the last week to hold a couple of MV sessions. The first at Rede Wood, just north of Ipswich, on the 12/3/99 turned up 19 species including; Shoulder Stripe, Dark Chestnut, Engrailed, Brindled Pug and Oak Beauty. A second session at Wolves Wood RSPB Reserve, west of Ipswich, on 16/03/99 turned up a bit more - 20 species. These included Lead-coloured Drab, Small Brindled Beauty, Yellow Horned and Shoulder Stripe. The 500+ Small Quakers on and around the sheet was a bit of a contrast to the mostly bare sheets we've been having in January and February. Hebrew Character, Early Grey, Clouded Drab, Small Quaker and Common Quaker seem to be turning up in some numbers at quite a few people's traps in the county. Tony Prichard > -----Original Message----- > From: Mark Litjens [SMTP:litjens at ibm.net] > Sent: Wednesday, March 17, 1999 6:49 PM > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > Subject: UK Butterflies > > What have UK people been seeing this week so far in the mini heat wave? > Since Saturday i have recorded 51 Brimstone and 1 Comma in Hampshire. > Most around my place of work SW of Winchester. To me this is high but i > have only been recording Butterfly numbers for 2 years (3rd spring). But > i have not seen any Small Tortoiseshell or Peacock but i know people who > have. Their emergence may just be patchy. > > Mark From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Thu Mar 18 03:59:33 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 99 08:59:33 GMT Subject: New Butterfly Conservation pages. Message-ID: <921747573snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> The address of the official Butterfly Conservation web site has changed. It is now http://www.butterfly-conservation.org/ The old site http://www.butterflyconservation.org.uk/ Will be removed soon. Please amend any links you may have. The new version contains only minor updates but work is continuing on changes which will be updated in due course. Please let me know of any problems. The new version has been updated with software which has the annoying habit of introducing its own tags into the HTML so there may be some subtle changes for some people. -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Thu Mar 18 03:50:56 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 99 08:50:56 GMT Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. References: <9903179217.AA921716687@smtp.power-one.com> Message-ID: <921747056snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> In article <9903179217.AA921716687 at smtp.power-one.com> fred_heath at power-one.com writes: > And of course to confuse things further, I'll throw in the fact > that the NABA checklist uses Thessalia as the genus name for the > Leanira Checkerspot. Who was it that said the scientific names were > less confusing?.... that was just a bad joke, please no nasty-grams. > Also, not to argue with my friend, Wanda, but Euphydryas chalcedona > henne would not be inconsistent with our own observations in both > Sentenec and Plum Canyon at his time of year. Both of these locations > are less than 3 miles from "Shelter" Valley. > > -----Fred If anybody's interested there is also a henne's checkerspot in my gallery. At least this is what my books said it was. The quino is definitely right though. If I recall correctly Fred was with me when I saw them. There was a chalcedona present too but it was different from my "henne" which was taken in Silverado Canyon in Orange County. The resemblance between E. editha quino and our European aurinia (Marsh Fritillary) is quite striking. I have a T-shirt made from one of my quino shots and a number of quite knowledgable people have mistakenly assumed it was aurinia. It is a gorgeous creature and I sincerely hope that you will succed in your efforts to conserve it. This thing of beauty should remain a joy for ever. -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From D.P.Howson at Bradford.ac.uk Thu Mar 18 04:35:34 1999 From: D.P.Howson at Bradford.ac.uk (dphowson) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 09:35:34 -0000 Subject: UK Butterflies Message-ID: <01BE7122.C42D9160.dphowson@brad.ac.uk> In the cool misty weather in my part of West Yorkshire, nothing! Dave -----Original Message----- From: Mark Litjens [SMTP:litjens at ibm.net] Sent: 17 March 1999 18:49 To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu Subject: UK Butterflies What have UK people been seeing this week so far in the mini heat wave? Since Saturday i have recorded 51 Brimstone and 1 Comma in Hampshire. Most around my place of work SW of Winchester. To me this is high but i have only been recording Butterfly numbers for 2 years (3rd spring). But i have not seen any Small Tortoiseshell or Peacock but i know people who have. Their emergence may just be patchy. Mark From e.d.chesmore at e-eng.hull.ac.uk Thu Mar 18 04:53:07 1999 From: e.d.chesmore at e-eng.hull.ac.uk (Dave Chesmore) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 09:53:07 -0000 Subject: UK Butterflies Message-ID: <001e01be7125$1fce6060$bff0ed96@ee-p188.e-eng.hull.ac.uk> Yesterday (Wednesday) at Drax Power Station Barlow Nature Reserve near Selby in N. Yorkshire, There are 5-6 Peacocks and 1 Brimstone (male) plus a number of Orange Underwing moths flying amongst the Birch trees. Dr David Chesmore, FRES, MIAgrE Control & Intelligent Systems Engineering Group School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Mathematics University of Hull Hull, HU6 7RX England tel/fax: +1482 465062 message pager: 07654 266522 From NGD at wpo.nerc.ac.uk Thu Mar 18 06:11:05 1999 From: NGD at wpo.nerc.ac.uk (Nick Greatorex-Davies) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 11:11:05 +0000 Subject: UK Butterflies Message-ID: Brimstone (Gonepteryx rhamni), Peacock (Inachis io) and Comma (Polygonia c-album) all easy to see here at Monks Wood yesterday in the glorious spring weather. One colleague saw 3 Commas together. Also the day-flying moth the Orange Underwing (Archiearis parthenias). Not heard of any definite Small Tortoiseshells locally yet. For those interested in moths: there have been plenty of spring moths in varying numbers coming to light traps here at Monks Wood and at home (St Ives, Cambridgeshire) in the recent mild weather including: Geometrids: Oak Beauty (Biston strataria), Dotted Border (Agriopis marginaria), March Moth (Alsophila aescularia, Shoulder Stripe (Anticlea badiata), Brindled Beauty (Lycia hirtaria), Brindled Pug (Eupithecia abbreviata), Double-striped Pug (Gymnoscelis rufifasciata) and Engrailed (Ectropis bistortata); Noctuidae: Common Quaker (Orthosia stabilis), Clouded Drab (Orthosia incerta), Small Quaker (Orthosia cruda), Hebrew Character (Orthosia gothica), Twin-spot Quaker (Orthosia munda), Satellite (Eupsilia transversa), Chestnut (Conistra vaccinii) and Early Grey (Xylocampa areola) plus some micros especially Diurnea fagella, Tortricoides alternella, Agonopteryx heracliana and several Acleris species. Wind has swung round to the north-west and it has turned somewhat cooler and breezier today ... oh well ... Nick Greatorex-Davies Mr J Nick Greatorex-Davies (Butterfly Monitoring Scheme co-ordinator) Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Monks Wood Abbots Ripton Huntingdon Cambridgeshire PE17 2LS UK Tel: (+44) (0) 1487 773 381 Fax: (+44) (0) 1487 773 467 E-mail: n.greatorex-davies at ite.ac.uk >>> Mark Litjens 17/03/99 18:48:59 >>> What have UK people been seeing this week so far in the mini heat wave? Since Saturday i have recorded 51 Brimstone and 1 Comma in Hampshire. Most around my place of work SW of Winchester. To me this is high but i have only been recording Butterfly numbers for 2 years (3rd spring). But i have not seen any Small Tortoiseshell or Peacock but i know people who have. Their emergence may just be patchy. Mark From Nieukerken at naturalis.nnm.nl Thu Mar 18 06:32:22 1999 From: Nieukerken at naturalis.nnm.nl (Nieukerken, E.J. van) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:32:22 +0100 Subject: rearing leafminers Message-ID: Re David Smith's request: For rearing leafmining Lepidoptera there are a few points to consider first: 1. The type or taxon of leafminers 2. the pupation site 3. the climate 4. the voltinism The advises given by Maitland Emmet are good, but often more complicate than needed. Moreover they apply mainly for the species of the maritime climate of western Europe. In general Gracillariidae which make folded mines (Phyllonorycter, Cameraria) and pupate inside the mine are the easiest to rear. Just keep the leaves or cuttings with the mines in plastic boxes (e.g. ice-cream boxes) covered with netting (or glue some netting in a hole in the lid). In summer: spray regularly and the moths will come out easily. In winter: keep outdoors until spring, the moths will be swarming after a few days/weeks when you bring the boxes indoors. Spray now and then. You can also rear isolated mines in glass tubes with cotton wool. Especially important when you want to identify single mines or parasites. I also now and then have reared them in closed containers, but moulding is bound to occur more easily. More difficult are Nepticulidae (my specialism) and some other groups which pupate outside the mine. Most will pupate in the soil in nature. These are best reared in closed containers. I use jam jars with a small layer of flower-peat. To be absolutely sure that nothing emerges from the earth, the peat/earth could be sterilized. It is very important to remove all leaves when the mines are vacated, otherwise they start to mould (also the mines can then be kept for the collection) . Also do not use paper labels: they are bound to mould away. Instead make labels on plastic (e.g. pieces of coffee cups). Nepticulidae are best collected when the larvae are in their final stage, when still small it is more difficult. For the smaller ones it sometimes helps to put the petioles of the leaves in a small plastic tube with water, through a hole in the lid (e.g. Eppendorf tubes). This keeps the leaf fresh, and the larva can continue to feed. Some people prefer Sphagnum moss, but in my experience it is not better than earth or peat. The rearings should be kept cool during winter: in an out-house, or in the fridge (give them a cold treatment with a period below zero). In the tropics there is often no diapause. In drier climates, such as the Mediterranean Region (or California), Nepticulidae can do with less moist and pupate easily on paper tissue or toilet paper. The pupae can be kept with the paper in smaller plastic containers with a closed lit. Just add a few drops of water, and the humidity will remain fairly good. When condensation starts on the walls it should be wiped out. Too dry breedings should be lightly moistened. Note that many species in these areas have a summer diapause, so it might take long (more than 6 months) before anything emerges! The most difficult leafminers are those that change feeding from leafminer to external feeder (e.g. Bucculatrix). They should be provided with fresh plant material, and can probably be best reared in breeding cages. I have little experience with these. I hope this helps, good luck with rearing! yours sincerely, Erik J. van Nieukerken curator of Entomology / editor Tijdschrift voor Entomologie National Museum of Natural History Naturalis dep. of Entomology PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands direct phone: +31-71-56 87 682 (secretary ..622) fax: +31-71-5687666 e-mail: nieukerken at nnm.nl From haendel at zoologie.uni-halle.de Thu Mar 18 15:16:43 1999 From: haendel at zoologie.uni-halle.de (Joachim Haendel) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:16:43 -0800 Subject: Radius for attracting Lep References: <36EFF2D3.97D@zoologie.uni-halle.de>, Message-ID: <36F15F2B.1442@zoologie.uni-halle.de> Hi Dalius, The attraction of a lamp for moths is depended on many factors e.g. the number of competitive light-sources (other lamps, moon), power and wave-length of your bulb, structure of landscape and vegetation. But I think a 50 metre radius is realistic. In a very dark night a lamp with a short wave-length (ultraviolet) works in a radius of more than 100 metres. Best wishes Joachim _____________________________________________________________ Joachim Haendel Institute of Zoology of the Martin-Luther-University Domplatz 4 D-06099 Halle (Saale) Germany Tel.: +49 345 - 55 26 447 E-mail: haendel at zoologie.uni-halle.de http://www.biologie.uni-halle.de/Zoology/zool.html From triocomp at dial.pipex.com Thu Mar 18 07:30:52 1999 From: triocomp at dial.pipex.com (Chris Raper) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:30:52 GMT Subject: UK Butterflies References: <36EFF91B.3C227EF8@ibm.net> Message-ID: <36f3f00f.11711970@wingate> On Wed, 17 Mar 1999 18:48:59 +0000, Mark Litjens wrote: >What have UK people been seeing this week so far in the mini heat wave? Yesterday I took the afternoon off work and went over to a couple of reserves in South Oxfordshire. Male Brimstones and Peacocks seemed pretty even in numbers and Commas were out in the more wooded areas. I know it is slightly off topic but thre are also plenty of Queen bumble-bees out there, though I only spotted B.terrestris and B.hortorum-type (couldn't get close enough to confirm ID on the latter though). Getting even more obscure, I have been looking out for Gall Wasps lately and there appear to be huge numbers of Diastrophus rubi emerging now around all the Bramble patches. :-) Best wishes, Chris R. From D.P.Howson at Bradford.ac.uk Thu Mar 18 10:08:03 1999 From: D.P.Howson at Bradford.ac.uk (dphowson) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 15:08:03 -0000 Subject: UK Butterflies Message-ID: <01BE7151.3CDC1AE0.dphowson@brad.ac.uk> Mark, today in West Yorkshire one tortoiseshell, one peacock in a keen NW wind. dave -----Original Message----- From: Mark Litjens [SMTP:litjens at ibm.net] Sent: 17 March 1999 18:49 To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu Subject: UK Butterflies What have UK people been seeing this week so far in the mini heat wave? Since Saturday i have recorded 51 Brimstone and 1 Comma in Hampshire. Most around my place of work SW of Winchester. To me this is high but i have only been recording Butterfly numbers for 2 years (3rd spring). But i have not seen any Small Tortoiseshell or Peacock but i know people who have. Their emergence may just be patchy. Mark From juwaki at mozcom.com Thu Mar 18 10:39:13 1999 From: juwaki at mozcom.com (Stanley L. Cabigas) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 23:39:13 +0800 Subject: Species differences In-Reply-To: <36F15F2B.1442@zoologie.uni-halle.de> Message-ID: <000201be7155$79424e60$1a7300cf@kilimanjaro> I have two species of satyrid butterflies, Mycalesis ita and Mycalesis felderi from the Philippines. My problem is that I really don't know the differences between the two as these species are almost the same. There really are not enough resources that I can refer to with regards these species. What complicates matters is that I have specimens coming from the islands of Luzon, Negros, Bohol, and Mindanao, and these islands have their own subspecies. Is there anyone out there who could help me with this? By the way, I'm a local butterfly enthusiast here. Stanley juwaki at mozcom.com From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Thu Mar 18 12:29:59 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 09:29:59 -0800 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: Neil Jones wrote: >It is a gorgeous creature and I sincerely hope that you will succed in >your efforts to conserve it. This thing of beauty should remain a joy for ever. Sadly, the general public opinion here seems to be negative, overall. The listing of insects, even pretty ones, sends even some avid conservation supporters into fits, and California has a LOT of things on their lists, making it increasingly harder for the real estate developers. The fact that the Quino and related listed subspecies happen to occur on land that is prime turf for people who want to have a house and commute to LA, etc., makes this particular case increasingly contentious. Don't forget, this is the same area where the Delhi Sands Flower-loving Fly is listed, and that turned out to be a public relations nightmare, too - people around here *already* have a low opinion of endangered species listings. The Quino is a recent listing, and the effects are evidently just now coming fully into public awareness. There was a piece on the local evening news a week or two ago where the developers got all their shots in, and the only comment from a biologist, when asked why the Quino should be saved, was "Because some things are worth saving." Not a very persuasive take-home message, and I doubt the conservation cause won any converts from that broadcast. If the conservation cause is perceived to be nothing more than naive, emotional, and obstructionist, it's probably only a matter of time before the backlash undoes much of what we've worked for. Not trying to start another depressing thread, just making some observations prompted by this particular case. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Thu Mar 18 11:12:27 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 99 16:12:27 GMT Subject: Press release: Damage to butterfly habitat Message-ID: <921773547snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Welsh Development Agency Damages protected butterfly site. The South Wales branch of the charity Butterfly Conservation has condemned the Welsh Development Agency's destruction of the habitat of a protected butterfly species. The habitat of the Marsh Fritillary, a rare species which is listed under schedule 5 of the 1981 Wildlife and Countryside Act, has been ploughed up at a development site at Felindre near Swansea. Mr Neil Jones, Butterfly Conservation's South Wales organiser said, "I am utterly appalled at this. A government body should never act in this way. This is a protected species. You can see fragments of the habitat which the bulldozers have missed with the plants the caterpillars eat still showing." The site at Felindre has been proposed for the development of a large factory but as yet the WDA have not found an investor. "We have been promised measures to safeguard this butterfly on the site but it seems as if the Agency just doesn't care. This is the butterfly equivalent of destroying Red Kites' nesting sites." -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From AndrewGWood at compuserve.com Thu Mar 18 14:20:45 1999 From: AndrewGWood at compuserve.com (Andrew Wood) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 14:20:45 -0500 Subject: UK butterflies Message-ID: <199903181421_MC2-6E89-2D11@compuserve.com> Around Ware in Hertfordshire the Peacock (Inachis Io) and Brimstone (Gonepteryx rhamni) seem to be commonest together with a few Small Tortoiseshells (Aglais urticae) and one comma (Polygonia c-album). My impression is that the Brimstone is more common this year than for the last couple. As to moths in my garden in nearby Hertford all the usual Orthosia species plus a very early Early Thorn (Selenia dentaria) on 13 March and a Pine Beauty (Panolis flammea) last night 17th. Shame today is colder and windy and tonight cold and looking frosty Andrew wood Bengeo Herts UK From be496 at lafn.org Thu Mar 18 06:02:32 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 11:02:32 +0000 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. References: <3.0.3.32.19990318081643.009166c0@pop.helsinki.fi> Message-ID: <36F0DD48.D7C0E5@lafn.org> With all the Genus conversation, checked the 12/98 Emmel "Systematics of Western North American Butterflies." Interestingly it shows Euphydryas for chalcedona and editha plus two split species colon and anicia! Understand this work was widely peer reviewed and also will be accepted by NABA..... Cheers, Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. Niklas Wahlberg wrote: > > Hi all, > Just to make things a bit more confusing: in my cladistic analysis of > checkerspot DNA sequences, Thessalia comes out in the middle of Chlosyne > and so should be lowered to subgeneric rank, unless you want to create a > new genus for the Central American Chlosyne... You can see a phylogeny of > the checkerspots at http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/phylogeny.html > > Cheers, > Niklas > > At 16:10 17.3.1999 -0900, Kenelm Philip wrote: > > > >> And of course to confuse things further, I'll throw in the fact > >> that the NABA checklist uses Thessalia as the genus name for the > >> Leanira Checkerspot. > > > > The NABA list is hardly unique in that respect. Both the Hodges > >checklist (MONA) and the Miller/Brown catalogue use _Thessalia_ for this > >subgroup of _Chlosyne_ and raise it to generic rank. So this usage has > >been stable for some 16 years, at least... > > > > Ken Philip > >fnkwp at uaf.edu > > > > > _________________________________________________________________________ > > Niklas Wahlberg > Department of Ecology and Systematics > Division of Population Biology > PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) > 00014 University of Helsinki > Finland > p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 > Check out our www-site: > http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ > From jangle at vt.edu Thu Mar 18 15:13:32 1999 From: jangle at vt.edu (Jo) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 15:13:32 -0500 Subject: Mourning cloak (Nymphalis Antiopa) behavior and ecology Message-ID: I've exhausted all leads uncovered personally, but still have not learned much about the life history of this butterfly. I live in the Jefferson National Forest in southwestern Virginia, U.S., and in March we have a mix of warm and cold days with wind and precipitation. Do the adults stir on the warmer days? If so, what do they do? Where in the woods or garden does one find the overwintering adults? Both relayed experience and directions to written sources will be much appreciated. I am intensely interested in all other aspects of N.A.'s behavior and ecology, so other referrals will also be quite useful. Thank you. Jo Jo Angleberger W.I.N.E. Administrator http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/nww/nww.html A classic is a book that has never finished saying what it has to say. (Italo Calvino) From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Thu Mar 18 16:29:52 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 12:29:52 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Mourning cloak (Nymphalis Antiopa) behavior and ecology Message-ID: I don't know how relevant the behavior of this species in Interior Alaska is to its life in Virginia, but here are some comments: > Do the adults stir on the warmer days? Any sunny day when the air temperature is above 50F, and the hiber- nating sitge are not snow-covered, the butterflies can appear. In Fairbanks that will occur sometime in April--we cannot meet those conditions in March or February. > If so, what do they do? They sit on sun-warmed banksides and bask. They will feed on tree sap (the cut ends of moose-browsed willow twigs are an excellent source of sap). > Where in the woods or garden does one find the overwintering adults? The hibernation sites are preferably on south-facing hillsides (known from the fact that the adults emerge in spring when the entire landscape is snow-covered _except_ for those hillsides). Hibernation can occur in woodpiles or rockpiles (known from reports by people who have found adults in such places while doing yard work in the fall), so pre- sumably similar sites are chosen in the wild. I would also check unheated outbuildings--any sheltered spot. In Alaska the hibernation _must_ take place under the snow, since the butterflies are protected against freezing down to -40 (F or C) only, and the air temperature can drop below that. In warmer climates they may well be able to hibernate above the snow, unless their cryoprotection is less effective in such climates. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From paulcher at concentric.net Thu Mar 18 08:56:40 1999 From: paulcher at concentric.net (Paul Cherubini) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 13:56:40 +0000 Subject: Mourning cloak (Nymphalis Antiopa) behavior and ecology References: Message-ID: <36F10618.43D4@concentric.net> University of California at Davis Professor Arthur M. Shapiro has found Mourning Cloaks overwintering inside empty beer cans, buried deep under the snow, at Donner Summit in the Sierra Nevada Range. There is currently 12 FEET on snow on the ground at Donner Summit. Roadside litter may be an eyesore to humans, but to Mourning Cloaks... Paul Cherubini, El Dorado, California From MWalker at gensym.com Thu Mar 18 19:21:26 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 19:21:26 -0500 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2C8@hqmail.gensym.com> Doug Yanega wrote: > Neil Jones wrote: > > >It is a gorgeous creature and I sincerely hope that you will succed in > >your efforts to conserve it. This thing of beauty should remain a joy for > ever. > > Sadly, the general public opinion here seems to be negative, overall. The > listing of insects, even pretty ones, sends even some avid conservation > supporters into fits, and California has a LOT of things on their lists, > making it increasingly harder for the real estate developers. The fact > that > the Quino and related listed subspecies happen to occur on land that is > prime turf for people who want to have a house and commute to LA, etc., > makes this particular case increasingly contentious. Don't forget, this is > the same area where the Delhi Sands Flower-loving Fly is listed, and that > turned out to be a public relations nightmare, too - people around here > *already* have a low opinion of endangered species listings. The Quino is > a > recent listing, and the effects are evidently just now coming fully into > public awareness. There was a piece on the local evening news a week or > two > ago where the developers got all their shots in, and the only comment from > a biologist, when asked why the Quino should be saved, was "Because some > things are worth saving." Not a very persuasive take-home message, and I > doubt the conservation cause won any converts from that broadcast. If the > conservation cause is perceived to be nothing more than naive, emotional, > and obstructionist, it's probably only a matter of time before the > backlash > undoes much of what we've worked for. > Not trying to start another depressing thread, just making some > observations prompted by this particular case. > That's right - I forgot - welcome (back?) to California, Doug. God's country };>) I heard something just last week about a planned development on Vail Lake (or somewhere in Butterfield Country) that was halted on account of the _Quino Checkerspot_. I assume it is the same sub-species as the one that used to fly off of Chapman Ave./Santiago Canyon in Orange County (and whose habitat is now virtually covered with tract homes). While I was in Vermont, not only did this butterfly get put on the endangered list, but they also built a marvelous new toll road that cuts right across this once virgin landscape. Well, marvelous for the commuters from Riverside, but not so marvelous for the wildlife. Just curious - was the _Quino Checkerspot_ part of the debate over this toll road? Neil mentions on his website that the butterfly has been isolated to a few colonies in San Diego (I assume these are the locations near Vista and Fallbrook, where the butterfly used to be more common, but are now also covered with new homes). Aren't there still a few other colonies in Orange and Riverside counties? Man, this really makes me sick. It's one of the reasons I left L.A. and moved to Vermont in the first place. So what's the deal on this butterfly - what is being done? Mark Walker. From randy at naturevision.com Thu Mar 18 19:45:01 1999 From: randy at naturevision.com (Randy) Date: 18 Mar 1999 16:45:01 PST Subject: New Site : Butterflies found in NC Message-ID: <36f19cd0.21167909@news.concentric.net> Folks, I`m mainly a naturalist/photographer and I wanted to give something back for all the help I`ve recieved with butterflies. Check out my new pages at http://www.naturevision.com and look for the butterfly links to see the 40 species uploaded so far of my 70 species collection. Randy Emmitt From fred_heath at power-one.com Thu Mar 18 20:56:26 1999 From: fred_heath at power-one.com (fred_heath at power-one.com) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 17:56:26 -0800 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: <9903189218.AA921808589@smtp.power-one.com> Actually, the photo of the butterfly on Neil's website was taken in a Riverside Co. colony. Neil is from the UK so his California geography is a bit off and he was driven all over the place that weekend by Hank Brodkin and probably lost track of where he was. My understanding is that Rudi Mattoni has the contract with U. S. Fish and Wildlife to to study and present a recovery plan for this and the Two-banded "Laguna" Skipper (P. ruralis subsp?) of the Laguna and Palomar Mt of San Diego Co. Both (the butterflies, not the mountains) are now federally listed as Endangered . -----Fred Mark Walker wrote: Neil mentions on his website that the butterfly has been isolated to a few colonies in San Diego (I assume these are the locations near Vista and Fallbrook, where the butterfly used to be more common, but are now also covered with new homes). Aren't there still a few other colonies in Orange and Riverside counties? Man, this really makes me sick. It's one of the reasons I left L.A. and moved to Vermont in the first place. So what's the deal on this butterfly - what is being done? From be496 at lafn.org Thu Mar 18 13:22:37 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 18:22:37 +0000 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2C8@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: <36F1446D.71715B37@lafn.org> Understand Steve Myers has been helping w/the monitoring and may know something that he can share about the Quino C/S..... Steve, there was a thread on the Quino name confusion that is pretty well resolved into a Henne's in E. San Diego.... But interest has arisen of what is happening with the actual Quino???? Wanda Dameron, Los Angeles Mark Walker wrote: > > Doug Yanega wrote: > > > Neil Jones wrote: > > > > >It is a gorgeous creature and I sincerely hope that you will succed in > > >your efforts to conserve it. This thing of beauty should remain a joy for > > ever. > > > > Sadly, the general public opinion here seems to be negative, overall. The > > listing of insects, even pretty ones, sends even some avid conservation > > supporters into fits, and California has a LOT of things on their lists, > > making it increasingly harder for the real estate developers. The fact > > that > > the Quino and related listed subspecies happen to occur on land that is > > prime turf for people who want to have a house and commute to LA, etc., > > makes this particular case increasingly contentious. Don't forget, this is > > the same area where the Delhi Sands Flower-loving Fly is listed, and that > > turned out to be a public relations nightmare, too - people around here > > *already* have a low opinion of endangered species listings. The Quino is > > a > > recent listing, and the effects are evidently just now coming fully into > > public awareness. There was a piece on the local evening news a week or > > two > > ago where the developers got all their shots in, and the only comment from > > a biologist, when asked why the Quino should be saved, was "Because some > > things are worth saving." Not a very persuasive take-home message, and I > > doubt the conservation cause won any converts from that broadcast. If the > > conservation cause is perceived to be nothing more than naive, emotional, > > and obstructionist, it's probably only a matter of time before the > > backlash > > undoes much of what we've worked for. > > Not trying to start another depressing thread, just making some > > observations prompted by this particular case. > > > That's right - I forgot - welcome (back?) to California, Doug. > God's country };>) > > I heard something just last week about a planned development on Vail > Lake (or somewhere in Butterfield Country) that was halted on account of the > _Quino Checkerspot_. I assume it is the same sub-species as the one that > used to fly off of Chapman Ave./Santiago Canyon in Orange County (and whose > habitat is now virtually covered with tract homes). > > While I was in Vermont, not only did this butterfly get put on the > endangered list, but they also built a marvelous new toll road that cuts > right across this once virgin landscape. Well, marvelous for the commuters > from Riverside, but not so marvelous for the wildlife. Just curious - was > the _Quino Checkerspot_ part of the debate over this toll road? > > Neil mentions on his website that the butterfly has been isolated to > a few colonies in San Diego (I assume these are the locations near Vista and > Fallbrook, where the butterfly used to be more common, but are now also > covered with new homes). Aren't there still a few other colonies in Orange > and Riverside counties? > > Man, this really makes me sick. It's one of the reasons I left L.A. > and moved to Vermont in the first place. So what's the deal on this > butterfly - what is being done? > > Mark Walker. From butrfly at epix.net Fri Mar 19 02:19:18 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (butrfly at epix.net) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 23:19:18 -0800 Subject: Experience Costa Rica References: <36F1F78E.43E9@epix.net> Message-ID: <36F1FA76.6D57@epix.net> butrfly at epix.net wrote: If you are interested in visiting Costa Rica, I will once again host a natural history tour of this magnificent country. If you are eager to visit rain forests, cloud forests, volcanoes, 873 species of birds, 1200 species of orchids and countless butterflies then Costa Rica is for you. For the Itinerary please visit; http://mgfx.com/holeinhand/costarica99.htm Thanks for the bandwidth Rick Mikula From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Fri Mar 19 00:13:36 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1999 21:13:36 -0800 Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. Message-ID: Mark Walker wrote: > While I was in Vermont, not only did this butterfly get put on the >endangered list, but they also built a marvelous new toll road that cuts >right across this once virgin landscape. Well, marvelous for the commuters >from Riverside, but not so marvelous for the wildlife. Just curious - was >the _Quino Checkerspot_ part of the debate over this toll road? There's more than one road that you might be referring to. If it was planned and built up within the last two years, then almost certainly the Quino figured into the planning. > Neil mentions on his website that the butterfly has been isolated to >a few colonies in San Diego (I assume these are the locations near Vista and >Fallbrook, where the butterfly used to be more common, but are now also >covered with new homes). Aren't there still a few other colonies in Orange >and Riverside counties? I've been told that it's extinct in Orange County, but that the Riverside populations, especially to the south, are thriving. >So what's the deal on this >butterfly - what is being done? A lot of paperwork is getting filed, mostly people asking for permits to allow them to go ahead and develop even though the Quino may be on the land. That's how the law evidently works - the government can always choose to let you go ahead. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From fletch at vaxxine.com Fri Mar 19 07:48:13 1999 From: fletch at vaxxine.com (JOHN and SUE FLETCHER) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 07:48:13 -0500 Subject: Mourning cloak (Nymphalis Antiopa) behavior and ecology References: Message-ID: <7d05uc$1n8$1@news.vaxxine.com> I'm from Southern Ontario and we have cooler weather but the cloaks I have seen out in winter are always on warm calm sunny days. around here they are usually found tucked away in rough bark or inside wood piles. Their colouring is excellent camouflage and are all but impossible to locate. Ihave followed a few during winter flights and have observed them puddling but have not seen them feed. I don't think there is much available to feed on. When they land on rough bark surface they are difficult to find even when you know they are there. From MWalker at gensym.com Fri Mar 19 14:12:38 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 14:12:38 -0500 Subject: New Look to USGS Lep site Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2CF@hqmail.gensym.com> Those guys at NPWRC don't slow down for a minute. This site has been improving steadily over the years. I have it set as my Explorer Home Page, and these latest updates were implemented while I was getting coffee! http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/lepid/bflyusa/bflyusa.htm For those who haven't heard. Thanks Paul, Ray, and Harry. Mark Walker. From doug at basiclink.com Fri Mar 19 16:49:04 1999 From: doug at basiclink.com (Douglas Aguillard) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 21:49:04 GMT Subject: SoCal sighting yesterday Message-ID: <36f2c5eb.25639433@news> I was searching for a Kentucky Warbler yesterday in Vista, CA.. I saw a Acmon Blue. From Guy_VdP at t-online.de Fri Mar 19 19:35:33 1999 From: Guy_VdP at t-online.de (Guy Van de Poel) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 01:35:33 +0100 Subject: Mourning cloak (Nymphalis Antiopa) behavior and ecology Message-ID: <008101be7269$a917e2c0$65049d3e@server> Just a thought, > They sit on sun-warmed banksides and bask. They will feed on tree >sap (the cut ends of moose-browsed willow twigs are an excellent source of >sap). This may be an additional reason for the diminishing presence of N. antiopa and N. polychloros in central and western Europe. Deer and other larger animals (cows) can only feed at twigs outside the forests, and thus hedges are the ideal sites to feed for these butterflies (also microclimatic, since the hedges will protect from the wind and favour the basking, when oriented right). Due to the fact that farmers are using every available square meter, these hedges have almost all disappeared. I just saw workers 'clean' up the hedges along the motorway I take home every day. We will end up with such a 'clean' world, that nothing else will be able to survive in it. Guy. Guy Van de Poel Guy_VdP at t-online.de Royal Entomological Society of Antwerp http://www.freeyellow.com/members/fransjanssens/index.html From paulcher at concentric.net Fri Mar 19 12:39:36 1999 From: paulcher at concentric.net (Paul Cherubini) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1999 17:39:36 +0000 Subject: Mourning cloak (Nymphalis Antiopa) behavior and ecology References: <008101be7269$a917e2c0$65049d3e@server> Message-ID: <36F28BD8.31FE@concentric.net> Guy Van de Poel wrote: > This may be an additional reason for the diminishing presence of N. antiopa > and N. polychloros in central and western Europe. > We will end up with such a 'clean' world, that nothing else will > be able to survive in it. Cloaks are often a common sight in urban and suburban areas of California where ornamental trees suchs as elms and willows are utilized as host plants. Sometimes there are outbreaks when Cloaks may be considered an ornamental pest. I have also seen Mourning Cloaks (as well as Swallowtails, Vanessas and sulphurs) on the wing in the city parks of Mexico City--said to be one of the smoggiest cities in the world. Paul Cherubini, El Dorado, California From hoffmann at singnet.com.sg Sat Mar 20 10:11:31 1999 From: hoffmann at singnet.com.sg (Andrea Hoffmann) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 23:11:31 +0800 Subject: butterfly race Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990320231127.0068a270@singnet.com.sg> hi folks, the butterfly group in singapore is thinking of organizing a butterfly race. (similar to a bird count/race) unfortunately, this has never been done here before and i was wondering whether anybody of you have already organized such an event. or is there any information available on the net? what are the guidelines for such a race? what would we have to look out for? any advice? suggestions? thanks so much for any help, andrea :) _______________________________________________________________________ Andrea's Page: http://web.singnet.com.sg/~hoffmann/ Butterflies: http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Vines/2290/index.htm From jtuttle at fiaaz.net Sat Mar 20 10:56:52 1999 From: jtuttle at fiaaz.net (Tuttle) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 07:56:52 -0800 Subject: Sphingidae Search Message-ID: <36F3C544.EB8@fiaaz.net> Is anyone aware of any records in museums or private collections for Proserpinus flavofasciata (Sphingidae) from eastern Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, western Nebraska or Minnesota? I am preparing distribution maps for an upcoming book and am trying to figure out the range across the northen Plains States and the Prairie Provinces. From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Fri Mar 19 04:36:33 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 99 09:36:33 GMT Subject: Checkerspot-E. San Diego Co. References: <9903189218.AA921808589@smtp.power-one.com> Message-ID: <921836193snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> In article <9903189218.AA921808589 at smtp.power-one.com> fred_heath at power-one.com writes: > > Actually, the photo of the butterfly on Neil's website was taken in > a Riverside Co. colony. Neil is from the UK so his California > geography is a bit off and he was driven all over the place that > weekend by Hank Brodkin and probably lost track of where he was. Well, partly correct. I did know where I was sufficiently well to find it again, but my knowledge of county boundaries in California is hardly likely to be as good as a native's. Yes, it was a bit of a whistle stop tour. To me living thousands of miles away Riverside county is pretty near San Diego. I suppose I had better correct the web page. Some up to date info on the species status would be useful. > My understanding is that Rudi Mattoni has the contract with U. S. > Fish and Wildlife to to study and present a recovery plan for this and > the Two-banded "Laguna" Skipper (P. ruralis subsp?) of the Laguna and > Palomar Mt of San Diego Co. Both (the butterflies, not the mountains) > are now federally listed as Endangered . > > -----Fred > > > Mark Walker wrote: > > Neil mentions on his website that the butterfly has been isolated to > a few colonies in San Diego (I assume these are the locations near Vista and > Fallbrook, where the butterfly used to be more common, but are now also > covered with new homes). Aren't there still a few other colonies in Orange > and Riverside counties? > > Man, this really makes me sick. It's one of the reasons I left L.A. > and moved to Vermont in the first place. So what's the deal on this > butterfly - what is being done? > > > > > > -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From mothman at nbnet.nb.ca Sat Mar 20 17:05:18 1999 From: mothman at nbnet.nb.ca (mothman) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 18:05:18 -0400 Subject: Fw: Stinging caterpillars Message-ID: <005301be731d$be3765e0$1afaa4c6@mothman> Hi: A recent discussion on Leps-L regarding saddleback caterpillars and stinging hairs reminded me of a painful encounter with a flannel moth caterpillar (Family: Megalopygidae) in Tinalandia, Ecuador in 1990. Click below for story and image of a caterpillar than looks like a mammal ! http://personal.nbnet.nb.ca/mothman/sting.htm From Katoup at ix.netcom.com Sat Mar 20 19:10:45 1999 From: Katoup at ix.netcom.com (Stacy) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 19:10:45 -0500 Subject: Acherontia Styx Message-ID: <001201be732f$46447020$8872d9ce@stacy> Once again I have a question on the Death's-head moth (Acherontia Styx). I need to know if anyone knows of where I could purchase one either mounted or one that I could mount myself. Thanks in advance. Stacy From js158jhp at aol.com Sat Mar 20 23:07:08 1999 From: js158jhp at aol.com (JS158jhp) Date: 21 Mar 1999 04:07:08 GMT Subject: Anthocharis cethura pima Message-ID: <19990320230708.27867.00000356@ng-fx1.aol.com> Hi all, I'm having a bit of a problem nailing down an ID.... I collected what I THINK is the Pima orange-tip, or pima ssp of desert orange-tip depending on which reference I look at. The same day I collected what I'm sure is A. cethura, and A. sara. Scott's "Butterflies of North America" makes a reference of A. c. pima as being found in Az and west into S Cal, west of Yuma. I collected this in South Central New Mexico, so I'm confused. Adding to my wonderment, The Audubon field guide lists A. pima as it's own species, and ranges it into SW NM. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks in advance. From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Sun Mar 21 02:43:49 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1999 22:43:49 -0900 (AKST) Subject: 'Anthocharis cethura pima' Message-ID: The usual place to go when you have questions about the correct name to apply to a taxon is _not_ a field guide, but a checklist or cata- logue. The following lists agree in calling _Anthocharis pima_ a full species: dos Passos, 1964. A Synonymic List of the Nearctic Rhopolocera. Hodges, 1983. Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico. Miller/Brown, 1981. A Catalogue/Checklist of the Butterflies of America North of Mexico. (Also its supplement: Ferris, 1989) Cassie et. al., 1995. The NABA Checklist & English Names of North American Butterflies. The Miller/Brown catalogue was quite controversial in its day. Many people objected to what they considered an extreme level of splitting. Yet all of these agree on the status of _A. pima_. Unless you can find a more recent revision of the genus, I would stick with _pima_ as a species, re- gardless of what any given field guide might say. (On the other hand, tax- onomy is not (and probably never will be) totally stable on the species/ subspecies question. People who want every individual specimen to be tagged with 'its real name' will always run into problems...) Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu P.S. I am in no sense an expert on this genus. Perhaps someone who is can shed some light... From Cicndela at aol.com Sun Mar 21 09:36:40 1999 From: Cicndela at aol.com (Cicndela at aol.com) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 1999 09:36:40 EST Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly Message-ID: There is an article in Real Estate section of the Los Angeles Times on the Quino checkerspot butterfly. From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Sun Mar 21 13:28:48 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 1999 13:28:48 -0500 Subject: Pieris rapae Message-ID: <36F53A60.41D9@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Can anyone tell me if there are subspecies recognized for the Cabbage White and if so, what's the subspecies found in eastern Ontario. Xi Wang From dilling at shs-partner.de Sun Mar 21 15:49:07 1999 From: dilling at shs-partner.de (Martin Dilling) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 1999 21:49:07 +0100 Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium Message-ID: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de> Hello everybody! I have some questions about the P. machaon osmetrium: The host plants for P. m. in central europe are umbelliferae like Foeniculum vulgare, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota and so on. These plants offer anisaldehyde as a substitute 'lure" ingredient for citral, offered by citrus plants in mediterranean countries. 1. The osmetrium smells like concentrated orange flavor. Is the anisaldehyde transformed into citral or another molecule by the larvae? What are the chemical processes within this secondary metabolism? 2. What is the osmetrium good for? Most books say it's a security mechanism for not being eaten. I saw pictures of P. m. pupae with entoparasites (wasp larvae) so that 'weapon' doesn't make sense to me. Is it supposed to work with birds? I don't think so. 3. Does one know when and how evolution decided to give papilionidae this strange organ? Thanks for your interest, bye for now Martin From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Sun Mar 21 15:51:26 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 1999 11:51:26 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Pieris rapae Message-ID: The Miller/Brown catalogue (and its supplement: Ferris 1989) lists no subspecies for _Pieris rapae_. Scott (Butterflies of North America) gives ssp. _rapae_ in North America and Europe, and ssp. _crucivora_ in Japan. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net Sun Mar 21 20:17:31 1999 From: Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net (Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 99 20:17:31 Pacific Standard Time Subject: Find Out What The Future Holds For You? Message-ID: <199903220407.UAA43552@mail.wa.freei.net> LIVE PERSONAL PSYCHIC! (as seen on T.V.) LEARN TODAY WHAT YOUR FUTURE HOLDS FOR LOVE, FAMILY, AND MONEY. ASTROLOGY CLAIRVOYANCY NUMBEROLOGY TAROT ALL QUESTIONS ANSWERED IMMEDIATELY! REALIZE YOUR DESTINY! CALL RIGHT NOW! 1-900-226-4140 or 1-800-372-3384 for VISA, MC (These are not sex lines!) This message is intended for Psychic Readers, Psychic Users and people who are involved in the $1 Billion Dollar a year Psychic Industry. If this his message has reached you in error, please disregard it and accept our apoligies. To be removed from this list, please respond with the subject "remove". Thank You. Stop Unsolicited Commercial Email - join CAUCE (http://www.cauce.org) Support HR 1748, the anti-spam bill. LIVE PERSONAL PSYCHIC! (as seen on T.V.) LEARN TODAY WHAT YOUR FUTURE HOLDS From Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net Sun Mar 21 22:45:12 1999 From: Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net (Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 99 22:45:12 Pacific Standard Time Subject: Find Out What The Future Holds For You? Message-ID: <199903220718.XAA64140@mail.wa.freei.net> LIVE PERSONAL PSYCHIC! (as seen on T.V.) LEARN TODAY WHAT YOUR FUTURE HOLDS FOR LOVE, FAMILY AND MONEY. ASTROLOGY CLAIRVOYANCY NUMEROLOGY TAROT ALL QUESTIONS ANSWERED IMMEDIATELY! REALIZE YOUR OWN DESTINY! CALL RIGHT NOW! 1-900-226-4140 or 1-800-372-3384 for VISA, MC (These are not sex lines!) This message is intended for Psyhic Readers , Psychic Users and people who are involved in the $1 Billion Dollar a year Psychic Industry. If this message has reached you in error, please disregard it and accept our apoligies. To be removed from this list, please respond with the subject "remove". Thank you. Stop Unsolicited Commercial Email-join CAUCE (http://www.cauce.org) Support HR 1748, the anti-spam bill. LIVE PERSONAL PSYCHIC! (as seen on T.V.) LEARN TODAY WHAT YOUR FUTURE HOLDS OR LOVE, FAMILY AND MONEY. From priamus at ace-net.com.au Mon Mar 22 03:52:10 1999 From: priamus at ace-net.com.au (priamus at ace-net.com.au) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 18:52:10 +1000 Subject: Find Out What The Future Holds For You? References: <199903220718.XAA64140@mail.wa.freei.net> Message-ID: <36F604BA.7708@ace-net.com.au> Nah, I'll take my chances thanks just the same. Knowing I was going to meet a tall blonde nordic goddess called Inger, would take all the fun out of the relationship. ;) Chris Hocking Papillon Entomology . . . . . . . . . . Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Silvia_Brown6 at gte.net wrote: > > LIVE PERSONAL PSYCHIC! (as seen on T.V.) > > LEARN TODAY WHAT YOUR FUTURE HOLDS > FOR LOVE, FAMILY AND MONEY. > > ASTROLOGY CLAIRVOYANCY > > NUMEROLOGY TAROT > > ALL QUESTIONS ANSWERED IMMEDIATELY! > > REALIZE YOUR OWN DESTINY! CALL RIGHT NOW! > > 1-900-226-4140 or 1-800-372-3384 for VISA, MC > > (These are not sex lines!) > > This message is intended for Psyhic Readers , Psychic Users and people who are > involved in the $1 Billion Dollar a year Psychic Industry. If this message > has reached you in error, please disregard it and accept our apoligies. To be > removed from this list, please respond with the subject "remove". Thank you. > > Stop Unsolicited Commercial Email-join CAUCE > (http://www.cauce.org) > Support HR 1748, the anti-spam bill. > > > > LIVE PERSONAL PSYCHIC! (as seen on T.V.) > > LEARN TODAY WHAT YOUR FUTURE HOLDS > > OR LOVE, FAMILY AND MONEY. From Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca Mon Mar 22 11:20:03 1999 From: Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca (Jonathan Sylvestre) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 16:20:03 GMT Subject: First Lepidoptera Message-ID: Hi All ! Sunday 21, I saw and caught my first 1999 lepidoptera. The temperature was 6?C, the sky was clear but with high altitude clouds. The wind was slow and from the East. I walked in a maple tree forest and I saw a _Lithophane grotei_ directly on the snow (the snow was melt near the body of the moth...). Of course, it was not very active... It's a sing for me that the spring will come soon... but today, we have a big snow storm : (........... Jonathan Sylvestre Home Page : http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/index.htm "Butterflies and Moths of Quebec" From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Mon Mar 22 12:19:11 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 09:19:11 -0800 Subject: western canada season opener Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F47@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> just north of 49 degrees in southern British Columbia official spring nicely coincided with the appearance of Compton's Tortoiseshell in my dry backyard at valley bottom elevation whilst higher up a Polygonia was seen cruising over 2 feet of snow. happy days are here again !!! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From fred_heath at power-one.com Mon Mar 22 13:15:40 1999 From: fred_heath at power-one.com (fred_heath at power-one.com) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 10:15:40 -0800 Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly Message-ID: <9903229221.AA922126519@smtp.power-one.com> To answer Neil Jone's earlier question, this article says that all pending development from San Diego to Ventura County (just north and east of L.A.) needs to show that there are no Quino Checkerspots on the land before development can proceed. Although a number of survey's were done last year in reasonable habitat (many came up negative except in a few places in Riverside and San Diego counties). I almost feel sorry for the developers because any surveys done this year (a relative drought year with few of any species flying) may not be acceptable even if no evidence is found of the butterflies presence. The article mentions (and I can not vouch for the accuracy of this article or even, for that matter, my interpretation of the material presented) that Rudi Mattoni feels that the focus should be on protecting and enhancing habitat which we know is prime for the butterfly (either because butterflies have been noted there or there is much of the foodplant (a plantain)) and not tying up every development in S.Calif. At first this sounds maybe a touch pro-development, but understand that the backlash from an unreasonable holding up of all development might be far worse in the long run. ----Fred ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly Author: at -INTERNET-MAIL Date: 3/21/99 9:36 AM There is an article in Real Estate section of the Los Angeles Times on the Quino checkerspot butterfly. From MWalker at gensym.com Mon Mar 22 15:15:35 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 15:15:35 -0500 Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2DC@hqmail.gensym.com> Fred brings up a very good point. Just like making the blanket statement that _all butterflies are disappearing_ has caused unjustified prejudice against those of us who capture and (gulp) kill certain specimens, becoming a perpetual nuisance to all development in the name of saving a bug will undoubtedly create intolerance for those who support butterfly habitat preservation. This represents the worst nightmare for people like me - who are hated both because we are heartless enough to murder innocent living creatures, and also because we're sick enough to love the same creatures so much that we place their needs above the needs of human beings. I hope there are butterflies in heaven. I'm pretty sure there will be. Mark Walker > -----Original Message----- > From: fred_heath at power-one.com [SMTP:fred_heath at power-one.com] > Sent: Monday, March 22, 1999 1:16 PM > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu; Cicndela at aol.com > Subject: Re: Quino checkerspot butterfly > > To answer Neil Jone's earlier question, this article says that all > > pending development from San Diego to Ventura County (just north and > east of L.A.) needs to show that there are no Quino Checkerspots on > the land before development can proceed. Although a number of > survey's > were done last year in reasonable habitat (many came up negative > except in a few places in Riverside and San Diego counties). > I almost feel sorry for the developers because any surveys done > this year (a relative drought year with few of any species flying) > may > not be acceptable even if no evidence is found of the butterflies > presence. > The article mentions (and I can not vouch for the accuracy of this > > article or even, for that matter, my interpretation of the material > presented) that Rudi Mattoni feels that the focus should be on > protecting and enhancing habitat which we know is prime for the > butterfly (either because butterflies have been noted there or there > is much of the foodplant (a plantain)) and not tying up every > development in S.Calif. At first this sounds maybe a touch > pro-development, but understand that the backlash from an > unreasonable > holding up of all development might be far worse in the long run. > > ----Fred > > From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Mon Mar 22 15:29:46 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:29:46 -0800 Subject: development and butterflies Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F4B@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> interesting thread that 'developed' (pun intended) out of the quino checkerspot discussion. here is my lunch hour take on the matter. we should not deliberately drive butterflies to extinction. development will continue and extinction as a natural process will continue and there will continue to be times when decisions are made that will extirpate populations or even whole species. there are those who argue that conservation decisions must be based on science, my view is that data and information are indeed useful to aid decision making but science will not help us with the reality that the tough decisions will be based on values, politics and social choice. how many species we can 'protect' and where we will protect them will ultimately be a social choice issue by the decision makers and will be limited by what a particular society can afford to protect. affordability is normally increased in a healthy economy with 'development' - kinda interesting scenario. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From paulcher at concentric.net Mon Mar 22 08:01:16 1999 From: paulcher at concentric.net (Paul Cherubini) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 13:01:16 +0000 Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2DC@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: <36F63F1C.61BB@concentric.net> Mark Walker wrote: > This represents the worst nightmare for people like me - who are hated both > because we are heartless enough to murder innocent living creatures, and > also because we're sick enough to love the same creatures so much that we > place their needs above the needs of human beings. There are more ironies: You could be a butterfly breeder and hated by NABA for adding butterflies to the environment because they interfere with its 4th of July population counts. Paul Cherubini From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Mon Mar 22 16:11:10 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 13:11:10 -0800 Subject: "Parsimony" program for clade studies Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F4C@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> i am surprised that this note did not generate some debate on the discussion group. some very deep questions about what characteristics we use to separate species and genera; and i know that there are some very strong opinions on this topic. re. the most meaningful characteristics, the first thing to decide is what species or genus concept one wishes to use. regardless of concept /definition of same, some like chemical comparisons (dna analysis), others swear on the value of genitalia and the list of potential characters is pretty long. an interesting observation on genitalia is that this character suite seems to be based on the very old lock and key hypothesis which i do not think has ever been proven. if one likes the chemical route and the biological species concept in the strictest sense, then there is still the perhaps arbitrary issue of how much gene flow separates species from subspecies in cases where one encounters a very narrow 'hybrid' zone. how much weight to place on various character suites and types ?? even among specialists there is debate about this. one could make the observation that in nature there are only individuals and populations - species and genera are products of the human mind and we are all welcome to believe what we will. but still i enjoy a spirited taxonomic debate as much as the next masochist > ---------- > From: Jim Taylor[SMTP:1_iron at email.msn.com] > Reply To: 1_iron at email.msn.com > Sent: Wednesday, March 17, 1999 7:20 AM > To: snylin at ZOOLOGI.SU.SE; LEPS-L at lists.yale.edu > Subject: "Parsimony" program for clade studies > > Hi, Folks. > > I read the other day about a program to determine the degree to which > species, genera, etc., are related to each other, and the tool in use was > a > program using the principle of parsimony. The name suggests a comparison > of > some sort of characteristics of the critters under study with those > sharing > the most being the most closely related. One could do this readily with a > simple spread sheet program, I suppose, but the idea of a program written > specifically to that purpose is intriguing. > > I should like to look into this further. Anyone know of this program, and > how I might obtain a copy for study? Anyone have an opinion on the > veracity > of the results compared to, say, a DNA analysis? How would one go about > choosing the most meaningful characteristics for comparison? How would one > weigh the characteristics so chosen? > > Comments appreciated. > > Jim Taylor > > > From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Mon Mar 22 15:40:00 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 12:40:00 -0800 (PST) Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium References: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de> Message-ID: <26529-36F6AAA0-65@newsd-174.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Martin: This is my theory on saturnidae larva tubercules, it might also be extended to osmetrium. The larvae use it as a wepon against other caterpillars when food gets scarce. this theory comes from only one observation of Hyalophora euryalus, involving four final instar individuals that I saw getting 'bopped' as they all congregated at the last few leaves once when I let their food supply get low. Hyalophora has four (I think) tubercules on the segments near the head. The tubercules have tiny black bumps like truncheon spikes. The individuals that got bopped appeared stung, stopped eating and assumed an "S" position reared back like a cobra. They stayed like that for several hours (over night), even after more leaves were supplied. The largest caterpillar did the most effective bopping and it was left with the food when the others retreated. I didnt record which cocoons were associated with the bopped larva, however there were noticibly more that did not hatch associated with that batch, and I dont believe it was caused because one feeding was 12 hrs late. Now I'm gonna go further out on a limb (Annie wll love this) to suggest that this mechanism produces large species. Something like this: Plan 'A': Those species that DON'T limit their competetors access to food all share the available food supply so whatever energy is available goes into 3 survival strategies 1):smaller size (the best). 2): more eggs at the expense of longevity or flight energy (bad news if the food supply is limited). 3): more flight energy / longevity at the expense of ova production (fewer offspring). Plan 'B': Those species that DO limit competetors access to food. The biggest get all the remaining energy so a few individuals benefit from haveing a lot of eggs and the size and energy for long distance flight, so long as they can find mates, which Saturnia are well adapted to do. Osmetrium probably have some kind of properties that repell other Papillio larvae. But this guess is only because both species are large. I can see how Hyalophora boppers could at least cause infection, but I don't see how chemical boppers could keep from having the same effect on the user. Possibly the smell warns of something physical like biteing or an acid or feeding supressant to which the area surrounding the osmetrium is immune. The easest way to find out would be to put a few together in a low food situation. OK, come & get me! I'll chop Y'all to chum! Bill From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Mon Mar 22 17:40:16 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 14:40:16 -0800 Subject: "Parsimony" program for clade studies Message-ID: Norbert Kondla wrote: >i am surprised that this note did not generate some debate on the discussion >group. I think perhaps the problem was that Jim was asking questions from a position of (forgivable) near-total ignorance as to what systematics is about, so even a friendly attempt to correct his misconceptions could take a few pages worth of text. It's tough to bring someone completely up to speed on what parsimony and cladistics are in a paragraph or two. I'll make a few comments below. > others swear on the value of genitalia and the list of >potential characters is pretty long. an interesting observation on genitalia >is that this character suite seems to be based on the very old lock and key >hypothesis which i do not think has ever been proven. Try reading Bill Eberhard's book on this topic. It's pretty well proven that - at the very least - species-specific recognition cues are important in the evolution of animal genitalia, and even if it's not a matter of "fit" in the physical sense, it *is* a matter of fit in the *sensory* sense (if that makes sense). ;-) >> I read the other day about a program to determine the degree to which >> species, genera, etc., are related to each other, and the tool in use was >> a >> program using the principle of parsimony. Cladistics does not determine "degree of relatedness" in the sense you imply - it is used to form hypotheses about the *pattern* of relatedness, which is a different thing from "distance" between taxa. Parsimony is a process by which you take multiple independent hypotheses of character homology (basically, "whenever character X looks the same in two or more groups it is because they share common ancestry") and analyze them together simultaneously so as to group the taxa in a way that leads to the rejection of the smallest total number of these hypotheses. > The name suggests a comparison >> of >> some sort of characteristics of the critters under study with those >> sharing >> the most being the most closely related. Nope. It does not *necessarily* matter how *many* characters are shared, but rather what the patterns of shared characters may be. You can have two taxa that share many features but which are more closely related to *other* taxa with which they share fewer features. Some features are more informative than others. > Anyone have an opinion on the >> veracity >> of the results compared to, say, a DNA analysis? You can analyze DNA data using the exact same procedures, and many people do, but there are problems with doing so, mostly stemming from a fundamental difference in how one makes hypotheses of character homology using DNA sequences. In general, then, a parsimony analysis of DNA data is likely to be less trustworthy than one of morphological data. Many folks who do DNA work *only* use a different technique, called "maximum likelihood", to work out phylogenies, but this technique requires that you start with a model of genetic evolution FIRST and then the results of your analysis are dependent on how good your model is. You can't run this sort of analysis with morphological features because there are no expectations as to how morphology evolves. This is a main reason why there's so much debate and argument among systematists these days. People are using two very different techniques to do the same thing, and there's no way to know who's right. >How would one go about >> choosing the most meaningful characteristics for comparison? How would one >> weigh the characteristics so chosen? This is where the human factor comes in. Total objectivity would dictate that we use every characteristic we can measure, and that we perform no weighting. The other extreme is that we use only those characters that we feel subjectively are important, and that we weigh them according to our opinions. Virtually everyone operates somewhere between these two extremes these days. A good taxonomist can make the difference between a good analysis and a bad one because of the ability to reject characters at the outset that will create problems (like using color patterns of wings in Heliconiine butterflies), and determine some cases of false homologies (convergence) *before* running an analysis. To some degree, though, it's all trial and error. Does that help? Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Mon Mar 22 16:35:24 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 99 21:35:24 GMT Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly References: <9903229221.AA922126519@smtp.power-one.com> Message-ID: <922138524snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> In article <9903229221.AA922126519 at smtp.power-one.com> fred_heath at power-one.com writes: > To answer Neil Jone's earlier question, this article says that all > pending development from San Diego to Ventura County (just north and > east of L.A.) needs to show that there are no Quino Checkerspots on > the land before development can proceed. Although a number of survey's > were done last year in reasonable habitat (many came up negative > except in a few places in Riverside and San Diego counties). This is not particularly good. The evidence for metapopulation systems in E. editha is conclusive. You just need to look at the work on The Bay Checkerspot E. e. bayensis near San Francisco. For those who do not know a metapopulation is a system of colonies within patches of habitat which periodically go extinct individaully and are recolonised from their neighbours. It is a consequence of the mathematics that with virtual certainty some patches will be empty. The absence of the buttefly from a site at any one point in time is not evidence of a site lacking in importance. > I almost feel sorry for the developers because any surveys done > this year (a relative drought year with few of any species flying) may > not be acceptable even if no evidence is found of the butterflies > presence. > The article mentions (and I can not vouch for the accuracy of this > article or even, for that matter, my interpretation of the material > presented) that Rudi Mattoni feels that the focus should be on > protecting and enhancing habitat which we know is prime for the > butterfly (either because butterflies have been noted there or there > is much of the foodplant (a plantain)) and not tying up every > development in S.Calif. It would seem that this is the approach to take,but patches of poorer habitat in the vicinity of good patches should also be protected. > At first this sounds maybe a touch > pro-development, but understand that the backlash from an unreasonable > holding up of all development might be far worse in the long run. I have met Rudi Mattoni. I would not say that he is pro-development. Incidentally the emphasis here in the UK is begining to show signs of going towards "Sustainable Development". i.e Development which does not deprive future generations of resources. > > ----Fred > > ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________> Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly > Author: at -INTERNET-MAIL > Date: 3/21/99 9:36 AM > > > > > > There is an article in Real Estate section of the Los Angeles Times on the > Quino checkerspot butterfly. > > > > -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Mon Mar 22 18:36:46 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 15:36:46 -0800 Subject: taxonomic characters and genitalia Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F51@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> thx heaps to Doug Yanega for a very understandable intro to a complicated subject. i hope that nobody assumed that i think genitalic characters have no value in butterfly and moth taxonomy. my view is that these characters are not always conclusive - differences do not always mean that more than one species is involved and similarities do not always mean that only one species is involved. sometimes the genitalic info points to a different taxonomic interpretation than that which flows from genetic info. hey, life would be a drag if all this was totally 'black and white' and perish the thought that humans would ever prefer the danger of group think with no tolerance for differing views. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From fred_heath at power-one.com Mon Mar 22 18:40:31 1999 From: fred_heath at power-one.com (fred_heath at power-one.com) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 15:40:31 -0800 Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly Message-ID: <9903229221.AA922146008@smtp.power-one.com> Neil I agree with everything you said, especially that Rudi is certainly not pro-development. The metapopulation system is one reason why Rudi is trying to preserve likely habitats rather than just using a simple test of absence of butterflies in one or two years. Unfortunately in S. Calif, developer's money gets most of the local politicians elected and thus they are clearly on the side of development most of the time. They can also make enough noise so that even people in the USF&W Service are gererally careful about issuing edits which might appear unreasonable. ----Fred Neil Wrote: For those who do not know a metapopulation is a system of colonies within patches of habitat which periodically go extinct individaully and are recolonised from their neighbours. It is a consequence of the mathematics that with virtual certainty some patches will be empty. The absence of the buttefly from a site at any one point in time is not evidence of a site lacking in importance. It would seem that this is the approach to take,but patches of poorer habitat in the vicinity of good patches should also be protected. I have met Rudi Mattoni. I would not say that he is pro-development. Incidentally the emphasis here in the UK is begining to show signs of going towards "Sustainable Development". i.e Development which does not deprive future generations of resources. From gogilvie at conc.tds.net Mon Mar 22 18:36:08 1999 From: gogilvie at conc.tds.net (garry ogilvie) Date: 22 Mar 1999 23:36:08 GMT Subject: Eastern Black Swallowtail Butterfly and the Quino Checkerspot Message-ID: <01be74bc$60873560$f31401cf@MYPC.TDSNET.COM> On March 13, I had a butterfly hatch out of a chrysalid I had kept all winter. I received three black swallowtail caterpillars in October, who promptly pupated. On the day the first one hatched, a male, it was snowing here, so I kept it in an aquarium for a few days until it got warmer. Since then, another chrysalid hatched; however, it was a wasp rather than the beautiful creature I was expecting. I was quite disappointed, but I figure that was the way nature intended it. I still have one chrysalid left. I would love to hear more about the situation with the Quino Checkerspot. I compete with my high school's drama club with a speech about endangered butterflies, the Quino included. It's hard to find information about the butterfly in the newspapers here on the East Coast so I would appreciate any information about the conservation proposals. I think it's a horrible shame that these magnificent creatures are declining. Let me know if there's anything I could do to help the situation. From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Mon Mar 22 19:48:15 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 16:48:15 -0800 Subject: taxonomic characters and genitalia Message-ID: >i hope that nobody assumed that i think genitalic characters have >no value in butterfly and moth taxonomy. my view is that these characters >are not always conclusive - differences do not always mean that more than >one species is involved and similarities do not always mean that only one >species is involved. sometimes the genitalic info points to a different >taxonomic interpretation than that which flows from genetic info. Actually, of all the insect groups I'm familiar with, the only one where I've seen clear examples where genitalia are not informative due to *excessive* variation (as opposed to too little) is in butterflies. The book (I forget the authors now) on Swallowtails of the Americas gives illustrations of the claspers of many of the species, and they are *amazingly* variable, to the point where one would have no hope of IDing a species based on the claspers alone. Maybe there is less selection on non-intromittent genitalic features, but even this is less than satisfactory as an explanation. It's certainly a glaring exception to the rule. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From jrg13 at psu.edu Mon Mar 22 21:12:49 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 21:12:49 -0500 Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium In-Reply-To: <26529-36F6AAA0-65@newsd-174.iap.bryant.webtv.net> References: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de> Message-ID: <3.0.1.16.19990322211249.12470d08@email.psu.edu> Perhaps the "mechanism" is actually the result of, rather than cause of, large species. For the sake of another point of view I have rephrased the sequence (if I have understood this, and I aknowledge that I might have this confused). Species that DON'T limit their competetors access to food all share he available food supply. This ecology is compatible with the evolution of: 1): smaller size 2):more eggs and reduced longevity or flight energy 3): more flight energy / longevity and reduced ova production Species that DO limit competetors access to food. The biggest get all the remaining energy, but reduction is offset by large egg production and good flight ability. John Grehan From be496 at lafn.org Mon Mar 22 12:42:21 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 17:42:21 +0000 Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly References: <9903229221.AA922126519@smtp.power-one.com> Message-ID: <36F680FD.3A60CC7C@lafn.org> It would be interesting to see the # of parcels actually being held up from development on the Fish & Wildlife Service Map. Though the article tends to give one the impression, certainly not all development in So. Cal. is being held up!!! I visited the Murrieta Hot Springs site in Riverside Friday. Didn't find the BF but understand they are in the area--perhaps yet too cool that a.m.(9:30-10:30 am) Directly across the street was an enormous development in process!!! Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. fred_heath at power-one.com wrote: > > To answer Neil Jone's earlier question, this article says that all > pending development from San Diego to Ventura County (just north and > east of L.A.) needs to show that there are no Quino Checkerspots on > the land before development can proceed. Although a number of survey's were done last year in reasonable habitat (many came up negative except in a few places in Riverside and San Diego counties). I almost feel sorry for the developers because any surveys done >this year (a relative drought year with few of any species flying) may >not be acceptable even if no evidence is found of the butterflies >presence. > The article mentions (and I can not vouch for the accuracy of this article or even, for that matter, my interpretation of the material presented) that Rudi Mattoni feels that the focus should be on protecting and enhancing habitat which we know is prime for the butterfly (either because butterflies have been noted there or there is much of the foodplant (a plantain)) and not tying up every development in S.Calif. At first this sounds maybe a touch pro-development, but understand that the backlash from an unreasonable holding up of all development might be far worse in the long run. > > ----Fred > > ______________________________ Reply Separator _________________________________ > Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly > Author: at -INTERNET-MAIL > Date: 3/21/99 9:36 AM > > > > > There is an article in Real Estate section of the Los Angeles Times on the > Quino checkerspot butterfly. > > From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Tue Mar 23 00:23:21 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 21:23:21 -0800 Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly Message-ID: Wanda wrote: >I visited the Murrieta Hot Springs site in Riverside Friday. Didn't >find the BF but understand they are in the area--perhaps yet too cool >that a.m.(9:30-10:30 am) Directly across the street was an enormous >development in process!!! That population is apparently okay, as 11 adults were seen there this weekend by one of the grad students here. More than we expected, given the horrific drought. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Tue Mar 23 02:58:25 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1999 23:58:25 -0800 (PST) Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium References: <3.0.1.16.19990322211249.12470d08@email.psu.edu> Message-ID: <27932-36F749A1-105@newsd-173.iap.bryant.webtv.net> John: The reversed arguement still says the same thing. The DO's are right but substitute "sufficent" for "good" & "large", and "dispersal" for "flight ability". The DONT's only real option is smaller size, 2 & 3 are not options because they decrease either offspring numbers or dispersal over what we might assume is already a food depleted region, because if food were not depleted then there would be insufficent culling to alter the species. Think of like global pollution. I'm firmly undecided about the chicken or egg, but if, for the sake of arguement, large size did automatically produce wide dispersal, which it would appear to, it still dosent explain what SELECTS for large, there are smaller ones naturally slower and more dim witted, and tastier, AND there's millions of them so why a big size? The fact is that large size dosen't automatically produce wide dispersal (ie: some speyerias and morphos) but in the case where the local food supply is missing, strong wings will get you out of there, and caterpillars that chase away their littermates have that much less restriction on how much they eat, so they COULD BE selected for bigness. My unproven contention is that they are. Bill From 1_iron at email.msn.com Tue Mar 23 06:48:12 1999 From: 1_iron at email.msn.com (Jim Taylor) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 06:48:12 -0500 Subject: "Parsimony" program for clade studies Message-ID: <002901be7523$0895e920$de870a3f@kylepsoc> Doug Yanega wrote: >I think perhaps the problem was that Jim was asking questions from a >position of (forgivable) near-total ignorance as to what systematics is >about.... Doug, you are wrong. My ignorance in this area is TOTAL, not near-total. Thanks to some nice folks in the TAXACOM group I now have a program package to play with and some manuals about the math involved. Jim Taylor From c.bergentomology at wxs.nl Tue Mar 23 10:35:07 1999 From: c.bergentomology at wxs.nl (C. van den Berg) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 16:35:07 +0100 Subject: Fw: Polyporus Message-ID: <7726CFFBDDF.AAA4064@smtp04.wxs.nl> ---------- > Van: C. van den Berg > Aan: listproc at lists.yale.edu > Onderwerp: Re: Polyporus > Datum: dinsdag 23 maart 1999 15:49 > > Goodafternoon everybody > > I am desperately searching for POLYPORUS strips to use for the staging > process in microlepidoptera ,Not the Plastazote! being sold under this > name. > Polyporus strips are being cut from the Birch bracket fungus Piptophorus > betulae > and these strips were sold by Watkins&Doncaster U.K. > Does anyone know old publications concerning this subject? > ---------- > > Van: Yale University Information Technology Services ListProcessor > > > Aan: c.bergentomology at wxs.nl > > Onderwerp: SUBSCRIBE LEPS-L Cornelis (Kees) van den Berg > > Datum: zaterdag 20 maart 1999 9:04 > > > > Dear user, > > > > your request > > > > SUBSCRIBE LEPS-L Cornelis (Kees) van den Berg > > > > has been successfully processed. > > > > Welcome to list LEPS-L (leps-l at lists.yale.edu). 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SBEL was launched in November 1994, and > > LEPS-L and SBEL were connected by the gateway into a unified forum in > > January 1995, to allow subscribers latitude in how they receive posts. > > The email traffic to LEPS-L/SBEL is archived in several places, > > including at http://www.dejanews.com and http://www.reference.com, and > > is also available as .zip files via the LEPS-L home page. > > > > The volume of messages on LEPS-L/SBEL varies, but generally runs > > between 5-25 per day. The Online Lepidopterists' Who's Who (OLWW), > > formerly a LEPS-L archive file, has followed its maintainer, Phil > > Schappert, to Texas at http://www.esb.utexas.edu/philjs/olww/olww.html > > > > Because some subscribers to LEPS-L pay network access fees based upon > > the amount of material they receive, LEPS-L/SBEL subscribers should > > always write succinctly and generally refrain from sending attachments > > (e.g., images) to the list along with messages. Private email > > arrangements should be made "off list" for such purposes. > > > > ********************** COMMON LEPS-L QUESTIONS *********************** > > > > To post messages to LEPS-L: > > > > Compose email addressed to LEPS-L at LISTS.YALE.EDU and put what you want > > to say to the group in the text of your email. Please include a > > several word synopsis of what your email is about in the Subject line. > > > > Managing your LEPS-L subscription: > > > > All email for managing LEPS-L subscriptions should be addressed to > > LISTPROC at LISTS.YALE.EDU (not to the posting address). Some of the > > most commonly desired actions are as follows: > > > > Your desire: Text of email should be: > > > > signup to the list SUBSCRIBE LEPS-L yourname > > signoff from the list UNSUBSCRIBE LEPS-L > > short info about the list REV LEPS-L SHORT > > full info, including subscribers REV LEPS-L > > review your subscription settings SET LEPS-L > > stop receipt of mail temporarily SET LEPS-L MAIL POSTPONE > > resume mail delivery again SET LEPS-L MAIL > > get mail as a daily digest SET LEPS-L MAIL DIGEST > > > > ************* COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS ON LEPS-L/SBEL ***************** > > > > Contributors to LEPS-L/SBEL are asked to please refrain from posting > > messages regarding overtly commercial transactions in Lepidoptera that > > otherwise do not contribute to broader discussions. Since LEPS-L/SBEL > > is one of the largest and most widely known electronic forums for > > Lepidoptera discussions, it is inevitable that occasional overtly > > commercial postings will occur, and so subscribers to LEPS-L/SBEL > > should exercise restrained, sound judgment in such instances. The > > Lepidoptera Livestock List (leps-livestock-list at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk) is > > a related forum that carries commercial trade notices, and can be > > joined by sending a subscribe request to majordomo at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk > > > > ********************************************************************** > > > > Questions and/or comments about LEPS-L may be addressed to the LEPS-L > > listowner, Larry Gall, at lawrence.gall at yale.edu > > > > LEPS-L HOME PAGE = http://www.peabody.yale.edu/other/lepsl From Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca Tue Mar 23 11:31:27 1999 From: Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca (Jonathan Sylvestre) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 16:31:27 GMT Subject: Sphingidae Search References: <36F3C544.EB8@fiaaz.net> Message-ID: IM not from area you mentioned but I found _Proserpinus flavofasciata_ in the center of the Quebec province in Canada... but here, P. flavofasciata is very rare... Jonathan Sylvestre Home Page : http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/index.htm "Butterflies and Moths of Quebec" Tuttle a ?crit dans le message <36F3C544.EB8 at fiaaz.net>... >Is anyone aware of any records in museums or private collections for >Proserpinus flavofasciata (Sphingidae) from eastern Montana, North >Dakota, South Dakota, western Nebraska or Minnesota? I am preparing >distribution maps for an upcoming book and am trying to figure out the >range across the northen Plains States and the Prairie Provinces. From jrg13 at psu.edu Tue Mar 23 11:44:56 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 11:44:56 -0500 Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium Message-ID: >John: The reversed arguement still says the same thing. I thought I was saying it in terms of their being a structure and this is correlated with certain consequences, but I was trying to rephrase existing statements, so the confusion will be my fault. >I'm firmly undecided about the chicken or egg, but if, for the sake of >arguement, large size did automatically produce wide dispersal, which it >would appear to, it still dosent explain what SELECTS for large, there >are smaller ones naturally slower and more dim witted, and tastier, AND >there's millions of them so why a big size? Does the large size have to be selected for to exist? The widespread assumption of most biologists is that most, if not all, functional features have to be selected otherwise they would not exist. I'm one of the few who consider the possibility that features evolve without requiring an external force, and the evolution of new structures may have consequences in terms of function. I recognize that average size can alter considerably in many organisms through natural selection, but this does not mean that selection is necessarily the only way of looking at the evolution of size. >The fact is that large size dosen't automatically produce wide dispersal >(ie: some speyerias and morphos) but in the case where the local food >supply is missing, strong wings will get you out of there, and >caterpillars that chase away their littermates have that much less >restriction on how much they eat, so they COULD BE selected for bigness. >My unproven contention is that they are. All the data says here is that in this case the species is able to survive by virtue of having that dispersal ability, not that the dispersal ability or bigness was selected for. It might be that certain species or lineages evolved large size and good dispersal ability, and in such cases this results in adults locating food supply over a greater area. And in case you did not see earlier discussion, my view on the evolution of structures recognizes two mechansims for effecting improbable shifts in variation - either natural selection, or orthogenetic modes (such as molecular drive). John From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Tue Mar 23 14:33:47 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 11:33:47 -0800 (PST) Subject: butterfly race References: <3.0.32.19990320231127.0068a270@singnet.com.sg> Message-ID: <1089-36F7EC9B-24@newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Andrea: I've never heard of a butterfly race but here locally we have the calavaras frog jump. It's designed around the nature of the frog, so I'd imagine a butterly race would be something like a timed distance with a balloon or something to standardize the relative wind speed. ie: the time of the butterfly vs the time of the balloon. I suppose a number of butterflies could be released at the same time but they would have to be in a group so that the "course" would be equal, so they would need markings & I wouldn't recommend that, because markings big enough to be identified from the ground would interfere with their flight and/ or chances of finding a boy/girl friend who shares their taste in clothing. Do the balloon way. Weight a helium balloon so that it won't escape and release it at the same time and distance above ground as the butterfly. Time the flight faster or slower than the balloon. The best time wins. Please let me know how it turns out. Bill JayandEstherC at webtv.net From NickBowles at my-email.co.uk Tue Mar 23 14:14:04 1999 From: NickBowles at my-email.co.uk (Nick Bowles) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 20:14:04 +0100 Subject: UK butterfly sightings Message-ID: Hi UK leps netters, I hoped some of you could do me a favour. I organise the Butterfly Conservation telephone information service known as Butterfly Line. The BBC are going to feature Butterfly Line in the extended version of "Watch out !" the BBC 2 Sunday eve progamme on april 4th. Problem for me is it will generate lots of calls at a time when I will have been away in Spain for the previous two weeks, and return to make things worse I return to Spain 30 hours later. The day that I am back in Britain is Friday the 2nd April. I would be really grateful if you could collect any UK sightings news from Leps-L and post them on to me at my 'private' e-mail address (rather than through leps-L. I will be suspending it until mid April when I will once more have time to read all the mail.) Anything you could mail me in the period from 24th March to 20th April would be really useful. Not just butterfly sightings either but some general views on the weather and its effect, if that is relevant. Remember as I am away it will be difficult for me to judge whether the number of sightings reported is affected by weather. Thanks for any help you can give, it is all for charity. Over ?10k raised so far. Nick Bowles Conservation Officer for UTB\ Butterfly Conservation 94 Miswell Lane, Tring, Herts HP23 4EX tel 01442 824 407 From dilling at shs-partner.de Tue Mar 23 16:16:55 1999 From: dilling at shs-partner.de (Martin Dilling) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 22:16:55 +0100 Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium, 2nd References: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de> <26529-36F6AAA0-65@newsd-174.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Message-ID: <36F804C7.182CA17@shs-partner.de> Hello Bill: Your theory of rare food competition is quite agreeable. P. machaon is a low-density-species, especially here in central europe, where suitable host plants can only be found at very special places (special soil, warm micro climate etc.). Both, male and female, have to fly to special mating places, typically mountains or high rocks, for which with we have the nice word "hill topping". Then, the female swallowtails have to spend much energy to fly dozens of square miles around, searching for the right food plant to place their eggs. She can only get along with this task if she was one of the fattest caterpillars in town ;o) But: Compared to saturnidae, you can find only one or two eggs on one plant (meaning umbelliferae, don't know about - bigger - citrus), so there isn't too much competition among the caterpillars. Of course, many saturnidae place hundreds of eggs at one plant, sometimes even at one single leaf. In this case, all rules of Charles Darwin show their cruel truth: Only the biggest and strongest will survive in order to improve the average "quality" of the whole species. I've never become aware of a food fight among P. m. larvae until now, so I'll have to keep on breeding to find out if there are any, observing if or how the osmetrium plays a role is these fights. There is another topic to be discussed in this context: The larvae seem to "sleep" for many hours a day. They don't move, they don't eat and - that's the point: they don't or hardly react with the osmetrium if they are touched in these phases of the day (as far as I watched this within my breedings). So, the stories saying this defense mechanism is against birds or wasps don't make sense to me. Birds or wasps don't ask the caterpillar if it's paralyzed or not to give it a fair chance to survive, do they? Your theory of food competition is quite better because: The phases of activity and inactivity are exactly synchronized among the individuals, as far as I experienced it. Even if the caterpillars are located on separated plants, they seem to "be switched on and off" together. (Maybe Rupert Sheldrake's theory of morphogenetic fields can explain this behavior...) So, if the osmetrium only works in phases of common activity, it must be supposed to affect the competitors, not enemies... Martin From jrg13 at psu.edu Tue Mar 23 16:26:47 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 16:26:47 -0500 Subject: publication of panbiogeography book Message-ID: PUBLICATION ANNOUNCEMENT The following book has just been published. Some lepidopterists on this list might be interested in biogeography or the interrelationship between biogeography and other disciplines, so this book may interest you. If you are an evolutionists committed to maintaining orthodoxy this book will not interest you. If you are a school or university teacher committed to maintaining orthodoxy you might want to keep this book away from your students (and before anyone objects to this characterization I can assure you that there are evolutionary teachers so inclined-at least in universities). Lepidoptera get specific attention with respect to the distribution of the nymphalid genera Vanessa and Bassaris, the relationship between distribution and phylogeny in some ghost moths (Hepialidae), and the use of butterfly distributions in biodiversity and conservation planning in New Zealand. John Grehan Panbiogeography" Tracking the history of life. R. C. Craw, J. R. Grehan, M. J. Heads. Oxford University Press, NY. Contents Chapter 1. What is panbiogeography Darwin's dilemma; panbiogeography, dispersal, and vicariance; means of dispersal vs. vicariance; panbiogeographic resolution; vicariant form- making, dispersal, and ecology; panbiogeographic method (case study of ratite birds and southern beeches). Chapter 2. Panbiogeography and the earth sciences Pleistocene or earlier?; Fossil evidence (case study of angiosperms); Geological and biogeographical correlation (including vicariance regression hypothesis, vicariant disjunction along fault lines); insular distribution (case study for Hawaii and Galapagos). Chapter 3. Ecology, history, and the panbiogeography of Africa Regional biogeography of Africa; tracks and baselines of African biota; African biogeography and ecological lag (case study of Miombo woodland, West African rain forest); African biodiversity. Chapter 4. Mapping the trees of life (panbiogeography, phylogenetic systematics, and evolutionary processes. Geographical distribution as a systematic character; predicting phylogenetic relationships from biogeographic data; the vicariance criterion (case studies of vicarious moths, figs and wasps); Biogeography and character recombination (concepts of ancestors and evolutionary processes, character geography - case studies of Ecuadorian lizards, Eurasian peonies); Vicariant form-making and evolutionary processes (laws of growth, phylogeography and vicariant evolution, concerted evolution). Chapter 5. Tracking the trees of life (line, map, matrix) Cartographic representation; graphical representations; vicariance zones; generalized tracks; quantitative track analysis (minimal spanning trees, nodal analysis, compatibility track analysis) grid analysis, parsimony analysis of endemicity. Chapter 6. Toward a new regional biogeography (the revival of biogeographical classification) Spatial logic; track homology; origin and implications of the baseline concept; tracks, baselines, and tectonics; case studies of the Americas. Chapter 7. Tracks, nodes, biodiversity and conservation. Biodiversity as biogeography, mapping and tracking biodiversity; tracks, nodes and biodiversity; the biodiversity atlas project; Tracks and nodes in conservation biology (case studies of a New Zealand National Park, conservation practice, conservation management); Hybrids, species, and conservation. From MWalker at gensym.com Tue Mar 23 16:40:06 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 16:40:06 -0500 Subject: Cargo Muchacho Mtns Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2EC@hqmail.gensym.com> Saturday, March 20, 1999 California, Eastern Imperial County Basically, way too hot and way too dry. I saw a lone Sphingiid nectaring on a cactus blossom (sorry, no id). Nothing else. Oh well, I beat the storm, but got a sunburn... Mark Walker From Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net Tue Mar 23 16:08:08 1999 From: Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net (Barrie Harwood) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 21:08:08 -0000 Subject: Obtaining livestock Message-ID: <7d8vpj$35o$1@barcode.tesco.net> Some time ago, I asked for help in obtaining details of the LEPS Livestock List which is 'run' from a server in the UK but subscribed to by breeders worldwide. I obtained the details I required and since then have had many inquiries from others as to how they too can subscribe (it's free!) to the list. To help all of you join in this global breeders network - I have copied the details that were sent to me, below. I trust they will be of use. Regards Barrie The LEPS Livestock List....... If you're familiar with mail servers, an advanced user's summary of Majordomo's commands appears at the end of this message. Majordomo is an automated system which allows users to subscribe and unsubscribe to mailing lists, and to retrieve files from list archives. You can interact with the Majordomo software by sending it commands in the body of mail messages addressed to "Majordomo at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk". Please do not put your commands on the subject line; Majordomo does not process commands in the subject line. You may put multiple Majordomo commands in the same mail message. Put each command on a line by itself. If you use a "signature block" at the end of your mail, Majordomo may mistakenly believe each line of your message is a command; you will then receive spurious error messages. To keep this from happening, either put a line starting with a hyphen ("-") before your signature, or put a line with just the word end on it in the same place. This will stop the Majordomo software from processing your signature as bad commands. Here are some of the things you can do using Majordomo: I. 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These may include: - back issues of the list - help files, user profiles, and other documents associated with the list - daily, monthly, or yearly archives for the list To find out if a list has any files associated with it, use the "index" command: index demo-list If you see files in which you're interested, you may retrieve them by using the "get" command and specifying the list name and archive filename. For instance, to retrieve the files called "profile.form" (presumably a form to fill out with your profile) and "demo-list.9611" (presumably the messages posted to the list in November 1996), you would put the lines get demo-list profile.form get demo-list demo-list.9611 in your mail to Majordomo at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk. VII. GETTING MORE HELP To contact a human site manager, send mail to Mark.Dixon at dial.pipex.com. To contact the owner of a specific list, send mail to that list's approval address, which is formed by adding "-approval" to the user-name portion of the list's address. For instance, to contact the list owner for demo-list at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk, you would send mail to demo-list-approval at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk. To get another copy of this help message, send mail to Majordomo at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk with a line saying help in the message body. VIII. COMMAND SUMMARY FOR ADVANCED USERS In the description below items contained in []'s are optional. When providing the item, do not include the []'s around it. Items in angle brackets, such as
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] Find out which lists you (or
if specified) are on. who Find out who is on the named . info Retrieve the general introductory information for the named . intro Retrieve the introductory message sent to new users. Non-subscribers may not be able to retrieve this. lists Show the lists served by this Majordomo server. help Retrieve this message. end Stop processing commands (useful if your mailer adds a signature). Commands should be sent in the body of an email message to "Majordomo at fabre.oum.ox.ac.uk". Multiple commands can be processed provided each occurs on a separate line. Commands in the "Subject:" line are NOT processed. If you have any questions or problems, please contact "Mark.Dixon at dial.pipex.com". From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Tue Mar 23 17:28:57 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 13:28:57 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Osmetrium? Message-ID: Leps-L seems to have coined a new term. The organ is the 'osmeterium'. And Scott refers to a paper by T. and Y. Meinwald which states that the acids from osmeteria can repel ants even after they have begun to bite the larva. (Scott fails to provide the reference for the paper, however.) So there seems little doubt that osmeteria can repel at least some predators. In Alaska, _P. machaon_ appears to space its eggs widely--I doubt that interactions between larvae are significant. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From steve at solitary-sound.com Tue Mar 23 18:13:38 1999 From: steve at solitary-sound.com (Steve Law) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 10:13:38 +1100 Subject: Cape York Message-ID: Just wondering if there are any other Australians out there (or o/s people for that matter) who have done any collecting in far north Queensland in the last couple of years. I'm planning a trip up that way in a few weeks, and hope to get to places such as the Iron range and Mcilwraith range. Any tips would be greatly appreciated, as this is a very remote part of the world. I'm also wondering about road conditions, especially since the wet season has been particularly heavy this year and is lingering on (which should be good for the butterflies I guess). From mothman617 at aol.com Tue Mar 23 19:06:20 1999 From: mothman617 at aol.com (Mothman617) Date: 24 Mar 1999 00:06:20 GMT Subject: Looking for rare moths Message-ID: <19990323190620.05918.00000616@ng134.aol.com> I am looking for any information on how to obtain the following two groups of moths. (1) Catocala species from the southern U.S., specifically C. sappho, C. lacrymosa, C. missouriensis, C. ulaumme, etc. (2) Hepialidae from Australia - the large ghost swifts. From jangle at vt.edu Tue Mar 23 19:49:37 1999 From: jangle at vt.edu (Jo) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 19:49:37 -0500 Subject: sw Virginia Message-ID: Thanks to the several people who sent me their observations about the mourning cloak. Pierre also had asked me about good photography sites in Virginia, and I'm answering his question publicly in case others might be interested now or in future. There are three excellent sites for seeing Lepidoptera and other insects in my immediate vicinity: 1) managed fields in a watershed called Poverty Creek adjacent to my home, 2) another managed area (which I have visited) called Caldwell Fields that is in adjacent Craig County, and 3) a summer resort called Mountain Lake in adjacent Giles County at elevation 3000-4000 feet and a beautiful place to visit anyway. I find this place especially interesting to go see old growth forest, birds, etc., and because the seasons at that altitude lag 3-4 weeks behind the rest of the region. This place has a bald spot plus fields that were previously a golf course. Remember Dirty Dancing movie? (ugh) Mountain Lake is where most of it was filmed. I plan to visit the Shenandoah Natl Park in spring/summer and will scout it for especially rich sites. As for sites farther afield in the Jefferson NF and George Washington NF, I have yet to get answers, and will post those when I do. Jo Jo Angleberger W.I.N.E. Administrator http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/nww/nww.html A classic is a book that has never finished saying what it has to say. (Italo Calvino) From timbukt2 at excite.com Tue Mar 23 20:26:07 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 17:26:07 PST Subject: Polyporus Antiviral Spray Message-ID: <922238767.27281.678@excite.com> The Birch Polypore Complex has been used in Scandinavian, and especially Finnish folk medicine for a very long time for colds and flu. In vivo, hydro-extracts and ethanolic extracts of this fungus have potent antiviral activity (see the Italian journal Phytoterapia). There may be an application of these extracts for use as an antiviral spray for surfaces in the rearing of lepidoptera. The type fungus occurs all over the temperate world. The birch polypore, then, may have multiple uses. As far as I know, no one has attempted a study on this. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Tue Mar 23 20:59:10 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 20:59:10 -0500 Subject: Salton Sea References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2EC@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: Joanna Burger and I spent the day of March 19th around the Brawley and Salton Sea area. Fortunately there were birds aplenty. Butterflies however were remarkable for their elusiveness. We saw one Funereal Duskywing all day. Flowers other than horticultural petunias and a few bushes (e.g. Creosote bush) were notably absent. I'll leave it to Fred Heath to comment on the Anzo Borrego experience. Mike Gochfeld From collinr at prose.dpi.qld.gov.au Tue Mar 23 21:48:11 1999 From: collinr at prose.dpi.qld.gov.au (Rodney Collins) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 12:48:11 +1000 Subject: Ephysteris silignitis Message-ID: <01be75a0$8cae4180$2b4ff283@bilpc246810.cen.dpi.qld.gov.au> Does anyone have or know of information about Ephysteris silignitis (Turner); Gelechiidae, Gelechinae. I'm interested in finding out more about life cycle, ecology etc. As far as I can find out, it is confined to Australia and other members of this genus have been described previously. We noted larvae present in stems of wheat last Winter, boring up through the centre of the stem resulting in dead heads throughout the crop, but at low levels. Any information would be appreciated. Thanks Rod Collins Queensland Department of Primary Industries. Biloela, Queensland, Australia. -- Views and options expressed are my own and do not represent the views and opions of my employer From js158jhp at aol.com Tue Mar 23 22:39:13 1999 From: js158jhp at aol.com (JS158jhp) Date: 24 Mar 1999 03:39:13 GMT Subject: Osmetrium? References: Message-ID: <19990323223913.01093.00000756@ng-fx1.aol.com> I know that osmeteria definately repelled my wife when I raised some P. polyxenes larvae a few years ago! I could barely smell them, but she would take off out of the room complaining. :-/ From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Tue Mar 23 22:02:51 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 19:02:51 -0800 (PST) Subject: Osmetrium? References: Message-ID: <1094-36F855DB-1@newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Kenelm: The ant connection is what we were looking for. Hyalophora also deposit their eggs over a wide area, and they have a number of hostplants. But their tubercules are useless against ants, as far as I know. Have you heard of a use for the deely-bobbers on monarch caterpillars? Bill From js158jhp at aol.com Tue Mar 23 22:36:19 1999 From: js158jhp at aol.com (JS158jhp) Date: 24 Mar 1999 03:36:19 GMT Subject: sw Virginia References: Message-ID: <19990323223619.01093.00000752@ng-fx1.aol.com> Well, SE Virginia anyways, go to the Great Dismal Swamp NWR. Starts out in Apr with orange-tips and nymphalids(lots and lots of Mourning Cloaks on the dirt roads) progressing all the way through the summer and fall with lots of various Swallowtails and lots more. Lots of good snakes to see too. Take a lot of DEET, the mosquitos and deerflies are ferocious. Good luck, Joel From be496 at lafn.org Tue Mar 23 15:49:58 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 20:49:58 +0000 Subject: Anza-Borrego Report Message-ID: <36F7FE76.B48E344E@lafn.org> 21 participants from as far away as Washington and New Jersey attended the annual LANABA trip to Anza-Borrego Desert (eastern San Diego County) this past weekend. La Nina was in evidence by minimal blooms from the well below normal 1.33 inches of rain received this winter. Leader Fred Heath's extensive knowledge of natural history saved the outing when not more than 60 butterflies were seen over a 2 1/2 day period, several by one group arriving Friday afternoon. Some mammals and lizards were added to lifelists and the Big Horn Sheep were quite close in Palm Cyn. to lend excitement. Time allowed us to also visit Plum & Sentenac Cyns., Scissors Crossing, Clark Dry Lake, and Pena Springs, Culp Valley. 16 species seen include 3 flyby probables: 2 Wright's Black Swallowtail Papilio polyxenes coloro 1 Becker's White - probable Pontia beckerii 2 Grinnell's Gray Marbles - probable A. lanceolata australis 3 Sara Orangetips Anthocharis sara sara 1 So. Dogface Colias cesonia cesonia 15 Perplexing Bramble Hairstreaks Callophrys dumetorum perplexa 1 Common Gray Hairstreak Strymon melinus pudica 1 Great Purple Hairstreak Atlides halesus estesi 1 'Loki' Juniper Hairstreak Callophrys gryneus loki 2 Acmon Blues Plebejus acmon acmon 20 Southern Silvery Blues Glaucopsyche lygdamus australis 1 Wright's Metalmark Calephelis wrighti 1 'White' Common Checkered-Skipper-probable Pyrgus communis albescens 3 Funereal Duskywings Erynnis funeralis 1 Propertius Duskywing Erynnis propertius 1 Orange Skipperling Copaeodes aurantiacus Wanda Dameron LANABA V.P. Los Angeles, Ca. be496 at lafn.org From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Wed Mar 24 02:55:39 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 22:55:39 -0900 (AKST) Subject: More on osmeteria Message-ID: In Scoble (The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity) there is a reference to the following paper: Eisner, T. & Meinwald, Y.C. 1965. Defensive secretions of a caterpillar (_Papilio_). Science 150:1733-1735. Scoble states that the defense is against predators. He admits that much of the evidence is circumstantial, _but_ he then refers to the following paper: Damman, H. 1986. The osmaterial glands of the swallowtail butterfly _Eurytides penella_ (Hbn.) (Lep.). Zoologischer Anzeiger 176: 449-464. Experiments were made, and the osmeteria were shown to provide an effective defense against predators in spring, but not in summer. Attacks by ants and small spiders were deterred, but not by large spiders, vespid wasps, and a parasitoid wasp specializing in this butterfly. Ants and small spiders are important predators in the spring, less so in summer. Spelling note: Damman, and others, spell the word 'osmaterium'. Scoble adds '[sic]' in his reference to Damman's paper--so he at least thinks the 'a' is incorrect. There is also a short section about _Papilio_ osmeteria by L.P. Brower in Vane-Wright and Ackery's 'The Biology of Butterflies'. Brower thinks a lot more work needs to be done... Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Wed Mar 24 03:41:30 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 00:41:30 -0800 (PST) Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium, 2nd References: <36F804C7.182CA17@shs-partner.de> Message-ID: <1092-36F8A53A-14@newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Martin: Having to represent my theory has caused me to look for cracks in it, I think the theory may only apply to Saturnia because most other species adults eat so they can pick up more energy after they hatch. Saturnia adults have no real feeding apparatus, they only live a few days after hatching and the larval stage is the source of all their energy. If other sources of energy are available after they hatch, then the formula changes and final competition isn't quite so important. I once tried to raise some Speyeria diana too late in the season and the adults were vigorous enough but only the size of Buckeyes. It gets kinda fuzzy there, the only way to find out would be to raise some & watch for competative behavior, and especially survivablity of the vanquished ones. Bill From viceroy at gate.net Wed Mar 24 05:36:02 1999 From: viceroy at gate.net (Anne Kilmer) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 05:36:02 -0500 Subject: Osmeterium? References: <19990323223913.01093.00000756@ng-fx1.aol.com> Message-ID: <36F8C012.ECFA2ED7@gate.net> The part that fascinates me is the resemblance to a snake, complete with "tongue" and musky smell. I was bopped by a black swallowtail larva the other day, having poked it to demonstrate the osmeteria ... I suppose some bug-eaters find the odor distasteful, and surely it portends a disagreeable flavor. As for the wigglies on the monarch, anything that looks like stingers is likely to afford some protection. Looking toxic is probably more important than being toxic ... even being tasted is pretty bad for your health. Cheers Anne Kilmer South Florida JS158jhp wrote: > > I know that osmeteria definately repelled my wife when I raised some P. > polyxenes larvae a few years ago! I could barely smell them, but she would > take off out of the room complaining. :-/ From Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca Wed Mar 24 07:37:45 1999 From: Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca (Jonathan Sylvestre) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 12:37:45 GMT Subject: butterfly race References: <3.0.32.19990320231127.0068a270@singnet.com.sg>, <1089-36F7EC9B-24@newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Message-ID: I think Andrea meant a butterflies count. Like its often do with the birds, peoples walk in a area and note all species they observed. The result is to list and to count which species occur in a fixed area. Its not like a car race ! Tell me if IM wrong. If I misunderstood, accept my apologies. Jonathan Sylvestre Home Page : http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/index.htm "Butterflies and Moths of Quebec" Esther Cornelius a ?crit dans le message <1089-36F7EC9B-24 at newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net>... Andrea: I've never heard of a butterfly race but here locally we have the calavaras frog jump. It's designed around the nature of the frog, so I'd imagine a butterly race would be something like a timed distance with a balloon or something to standardize the relative wind speed. ie: the time of the butterfly vs the time of the balloon. I suppose a number of butterflies could be released at the same time but they would have to be in a group so that the "course" would be equal, so they would need markings & I wouldn't recommend that, because markings big enough to be identified from the ground would interfere with their flight and/ or chances of finding a boy/girl friend who shares their taste in clothing. Do the balloon way. Weight a helium balloon so that it won't escape and release it at the same time and distance above ground as the butterfly. Time the flight faster or slower than the balloon. The best time wins. Please let me know how it turns out. Bill JayandEstherC at webtv.net From MYTZ14A at prodigy.com Wed Mar 24 08:26:51 1999 From: MYTZ14A at prodigy.com (Sunsol Daniels) Date: 24 Mar 1999 13:26:51 GMT Subject: More on osmeteria References: Message-ID: <7dap6r$656s$1@newssvr04-int.news.prodigy.com> >Spelling note: Damman, and others, spell the word 'osmaterium'. Scoble >adds '[sic]' in his reference to Damman's paper--so he at least thinks >the 'a' is incorrect. Isn't that just singular and plural spellings? Sally From hoffmann at singnet.com.sg Wed Mar 24 08:48:24 1999 From: hoffmann at singnet.com.sg (Andrea Hoffmann) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 21:48:24 +0800 Subject: butterfly race/count Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990324214343.006ddd1c@singnet.com.sg> uh...i'm terribly sorry for causing a bit of a misunderstanding here. i was thinking of a butterfly count. you set up teams, and within a certain period of time you have to count all the species you encounter. the team who has counted most species is the winner. are there any guidelines for such a race/count somewhere? are there any variations possible? like giving a bonus for identifying/finding caterpillars, etc... ? thanks for all the suggestions so far. keep them rolling in, i am grateful for all your input. :) andrea :) At 12:37 PM 3/24/99 GMT, Jonathan Sylvestre wrote: >I think Andrea meant a butterflies count. Like its often do with the birds, >peoples walk in a area and note all species they observed. The result is to >list and to count which species occur in a fixed area. Its not like a car >race ! > >Tell me if IM wrong. If I misunderstood, accept my apologies. > >Jonathan Sylvestre >Home Page : http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/index.htm >"Butterflies and Moths of Quebec" > >Esther Cornelius a ?crit dans le message ><1089-36F7EC9B-24 at newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net>... >Andrea: I've never heard of a butterfly race but here locally we have >the calavaras frog jump. It's designed around the nature of the frog, so >I'd imagine a butterly race would be something like a timed distance >with a balloon or something to standardize the relative wind speed. ie: >the time of the butterfly vs the time of the balloon. I suppose a number >of butterflies could be released at the same time but they would have to >be in a group so that the "course" would be equal, so they would need >markings & I wouldn't recommend that, because markings big enough to be >identified from the ground would interfere with their flight and/ or >chances of finding a boy/girl friend who shares their taste in clothing. >Do the balloon way. Weight a helium balloon so that it won't escape and >release it at the same time and distance above ground as the butterfly. >Time the flight faster or slower than the balloon. The best time wins. >Please let me know how it turns out. >Bill JayandEstherC at webtv.net > > _______________________________________________________________________ Andrea's Page: http://web.singnet.com.sg/~hoffmann/ Butterflies: http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Vines/2290/index.htm From niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI Wed Mar 24 09:52:59 1999 From: niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI (Niklas Wahlberg) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 16:52:59 +0200 Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990324165259.0091ba50@pop.helsinki.fi> Hi, Could somebody tell me the most recent published checklist of North American butterflies (I need a reference)? Somebody mentioned this on the list a short while ago, but I have already deleted the message. Thanks! Niklas _________________________________________________________________________ Niklas Wahlberg Department of Ecology and Systematics Division of Population Biology PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 Check out our www-site: http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ From be496 at lafn.org Wed Mar 24 02:54:42 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 07:54:42 +0000 Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist References: <3.0.3.32.19990324165259.0091ba50@pop.helsinki.fi> Message-ID: <36F89A42.C6CE0781@lafn.org> The most recently published list of NA butterflies is by NABA--the North American Butterfly Association. It has standardized common & scientific names that are used in annual butterfly counts and newly published books. See: http://www.naba.org/pubs/enames.html Cheers, Wanda Dameron LANABA/Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. be496 at lafn.org Niklas Wahlberg wrote: > > Hi, > Could somebody tell me the most recent published checklist of North > American butterflies (I need a reference)? Somebody mentioned this on the > list a short while ago, but I have already deleted the message. > > Thanks! > > Niklas > > _________________________________________________________________________ > > Niklas Wahlberg > Department of Ecology and Systematics > Division of Population Biology > PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) > 00014 University of Helsinki > Finland > p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 > Check out our www-site: > http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ > From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Wed Mar 24 10:55:12 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 10:55:12 EST5EDT Subject: More on osmeteria Message-ID: <3885041A3@carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu> Sally wrote, in response to others: > >. . . Damman, and others, spell the word 'osmaterium'. Scoble > >adds '[sic]' in his reference to Damman's paper--so he at least thinks > >the 'a' is incorrect. > > Isn't that just singular and plural spellings? Sally is, of course, perfectly correct. Both "-on" and "-um" singular endings are made plural with an "-a" (I have so many students who inappropriately use "mitochondria" as the singular form; I try to make a big deal about it, but it just never seems to sink in). "Osmeteria" *is* simply the plural of "osmeterium." James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From jrg13 at psu.edu Wed Mar 24 11:00:47 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 11:00:47 -0500 Subject: larval disease in butterfly house Message-ID: A colleague of mine, Bob Snetsinger, is starting a butterfly house. Recently some larvae died from what is presumably a bacterial or viral disease (they turned black). I would be grateful for any information or information sources on dealing with this kind of problem in a glass house situation. Are there recommended methods for sterilizing the glass-house after infections of this kind, or for reducing the likelyhood of their occuring. John Grehan From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Wed Mar 24 11:16:58 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 11:16:58 EST5EDT Subject: More on osmeteria Message-ID: <3E56401C4@carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu> Dear listers, This will teach me to comment on a comment. Reading Ken's original message, he clearly meant the first "a" in osmateria, not the second. All resources I have use osm*e*teria. Sorry for any offense. James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca Wed Mar 24 11:40:56 1999 From: Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca (Jonathan Sylvestre) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 16:40:56 GMT Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium, 2nd References: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de>, <26529-36F6AAA0-65@newsd-174.iap.bryant.webtv.net>, <36F804C7.182CA17@shs-partner.de> Message-ID: >Martin said: >single leaf. In this case, all rules of Charles Darwin show their cruel >truth: Only the biggest and strongest will survive in order to improve >the average "quality" of the whole species. Martin, I don't want to criticise you, I just think you felt in a trap. Its true that Darwin said that evolution is the survival of the strongest. But it said that not that way. You said "in order to". The survival of the strongest is only a consequence consequence of the natural selection. Natural selection have no goal, its only a mechanism that happen in nature and that explain, in part, the evolution process. I think its important to not fall in a trap. Its important to me that reader don't fall in a trap, that reader don't misunderstand the evolution and natural selection. Jonathan Sylvestre Home Page : http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/index.htm "Butterflies and Moths of Quebec" From priamus at ace-net.com.au Wed Mar 24 03:12:26 1999 From: priamus at ace-net.com.au (priamus at ace-net.com.au) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 18:12:26 +1000 Subject: Cape York References: Message-ID: <36F89E6A.2F4F@ace-net.com.au> Contact Graham Wood in Atherton, Far North Queensland. Fax +61 +7 4096 2162 or Phone +61 +7 4096 2597 - Graham is a Butterfly & Beetle breeder. Take notice of what the Police & Locals tell you in regard to weather & road conditions. It's been a bit wet lately & that country can kill you real easy. Chris Hocking Papillon Entomology . . . . . . . . . . Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Steve Law wrote: > > Just wondering if there are any other Australians out there (or o/s people > for that matter) who have done any collecting in far north Queensland in > the last couple of years. I'm planning a trip up that way in a few weeks, > and hope to get to places such as the Iron range and Mcilwraith range. Any > tips would be greatly appreciated, as this is a very remote part of the > world. I'm also wondering about road conditions, especially since the wet > season has been particularly heavy this year and is lingering on (which > should be good for the butterflies I guess). From jmason at ink.org Wed Mar 24 12:47:15 1999 From: jmason at ink.org (Jim Mason) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 11:47:15 -0600 Subject: Pictorial key Message-ID: <00fe01be761e$5d8ef920$c49ec9a5@JimM.wp.state.ks.us> Could the person who recently posted the web site of his pictorial key to (I believe) West Indies butterflys please re-post it? I just migrated to a new computer and lost a bunch of my email in the process. I was very impressed with the approach and wanted to explore the site a bit more. Thanks! Jim Mason jmason at ink.org From jrg13 at psu.edu Wed Mar 24 13:02:09 1999 From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 13:02:09 -0500 Subject: survival of the strongest Message-ID: > >Martin, I don't want to criticise you, I just think you felt in a trap. >Its true that Darwin said that evolution is the survival of the strongest. >But it said that not that way. You said "in order to". The survival of the >strongest is only a consequence consequence of the natural selection. >Natural selection have no goal, its only a mechanism that happen in nature >and that explain, in part, the evolution process. I think its important to >not fall in a trap. Its good to see someone else who can distinguish teleology from observed reality. John Grehan From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Wed Mar 24 13:42:47 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 09:42:47 -0900 (AKST) Subject: More on osmeteria Message-ID: > Isn't that just singular and plural spellings? Sorry if I was unclear. The normal form of the word is 'osmeterium' (sing), 'osmeteria' (plural). Some authors have used 'osmaterium' and 'osmateria'. In Vane-Wright & Ackery, the index entry is 'osmeteria', but the text has 'osmaterium/osmateria' for two authors (including Ackery), and 'osmeterium/ osmeteria' for one author. Some copy editor fell down on the job? Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Wed Mar 24 14:14:08 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 10:14:08 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist Message-ID: It depends on what you want the list for. The most recently published list (1995) is the NABA Checklist & English Names of North Amer- ican Butterflies. In my estimation, however, that is most useful as a source for English names, not as a standard reference for scientific names. For one oddity, the taxa _Colias boothii_ and _C. thula_ (now considered as NA races of _Colias tyche_) are totally omitted from the NABA list, which was compiled under the older assumption that these were hybrids between _C. hecla and _C nastes_. Also, subspecies are not addressed at all. I have many doubts about the utility of subspecies, but they are in such general use that a checklist should include them. For the scientific names of North American butterflies, the most recent list is Ferris' Supplement to the Miller/Brown 'A Catalog/Checklist of the Butterflies of America North of Mexico'. This came out in 1989. The Miller/Brown list was published in 1981. For those who object to the 'splitting' in the Miller/Brown list, there is also Hodges' 'Check List of the Lepidoptera of American North of Mexico', issued as part of MONA in 1983 (but I gather that the Miller/Brown list included more recent material than the MONA list). Note that the NABA list is just that: a list. To be useful for scientific purposes, a catalogue should include a synonymy--so the user can decide which older names are now replaced by which newer names, and ideally should also contain individual justification (in the form of notes) for any changes made by the authors. The Hodges list has synonymy, but only the Miller/Brown list (despite its controversial level of splitting) has notes. All of these are useful for various purposes--but all of them are not useful for all purposes. Finally, there is also a butterfly checklist (scientific names) compiled by Julian Donahue--I do not know if that has yet appeared in a printed form. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From dilling at shs-partner.de Wed Mar 24 14:46:30 1999 From: dilling at shs-partner.de (Martin Dilling) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 20:46:30 +0100 Subject: Osmetrium, 3rd - spelling Message-ID: <36F94116.3C03123C@shs-partner.de> Dear listers, Thanks for your thoughts and comments so far. There seems to be uncertainty about the spelling of "osmetrium". I also thought about it before I mailed my question to leps list. Beside the German word "Nackengabel" (= "neck fork") we use the word "Osmaterium" (= singular) here, but in a very few publications (maybe translations) you can also read "Osmetrium". I didn't know what's the right English expression, so I searched for both words in the www. The English and French texts I found said "osmetrium". In my opinion, the expression "osmetrium" may cause confusion, meaning the latin root "metrum" sounds like "supposed to measure something" in my ears. "Osmaterium" makes more sense to me, because it's easier to understand: The Greek word "osme" means "smell" and the Latin expression "materia" can be translated as "substance", "source", "cause", "capability" - so - "smelling thing" is the easiest literal translation for "osmaterium". Comments and corrections welcome. :o) Bye, Martin From dilling at shs-partner.de Wed Mar 24 14:50:46 1999 From: dilling at shs-partner.de (Martin Dilling) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 20:50:46 +0100 Subject: Bad English, no trap ;o) References: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de>, <26529-36F6AAA0-65@newsd-174.iap.bryant.webtv.net>, <36F804C7.182CA17@shs-partner.de> Message-ID: <36F94216.DF300BD1@shs-partner.de> Hi Jonathan, Sorry, if I caused a misunderstanding. It's just because my English isn't too good and maybe my expressions sound a little bit strange or emphasizing, sometimes. In this case I wanted to ironize the thing by exaggerating a little bit. Just playing with spiced phrases, no bad intention, no trap. Don't take this too severe. :o) Of course, I agree that selection is a necessary thing for the evolution of the whole spezies, not a funny event for the strongest individual. Bye Martin ;o) Jonathan Sylvestre wrote: > >Martin said: > > >single leaf. In this case, all rules of Charles Darwin show their cruel > >truth: Only the biggest and strongest will survive in order to improve > >the average "quality" of the whole species. > > Martin, I don't want to criticise you, I just think you felt in a trap. > Its true that Darwin said that evolution is the survival of the strongest. > But it said that not that way. You said "in order to". The survival of the > strongest is only a consequence consequence of the natural selection. > Natural selection have no goal, its only a mechanism that happen in nature > and that explain, in part, the evolution process. I think its important to > not fall in a trap. > > Its important to me that reader don't fall in a trap, that reader don't > misunderstand the evolution and natural selection. > > Jonathan Sylvestre > Home Page : http://hermes.ulaval.ca/~residjos/index.htm > "Butterflies and Moths of Quebec" From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Wed Mar 24 14:35:05 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 11:35:05 -0800 (PST) Subject: More on osmeteria References: Message-ID: <1866-36F93E69-6@newsd-173.iap.bryant.webtv.net> I submit that the point is infinitesimally minute since we all agree that he was referring to deely-bobbers. (at least everybody on my side does). Bill From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Wed Mar 24 16:58:30 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 12:58:30 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Osmeteria through history... Message-ID: Out of curiosity, I checked this term in some older books. Scudder (Butterflies of the Eastern United States and Canada, 1889) used the spelling 'osmateria', as he also did in his popular works (Frail Children of the Air, 1895; Everyday Butterflies, 1899). So did Dickerson (Moths and Butterflies, 1901). Tutt, in Vol X of his 'British Lepidoptera, 1908-9, used 'osmateria'. Most modern books use 'osmeteria'. I wonder when, and why, the change occurred. Since older authors were often more familiar with Latin, I suppose a good case could be made for the older spelling... Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From habitatdesigns at hotmail.com Wed Mar 24 17:21:46 1999 From: habitatdesigns at hotmail.com (Paulette Haywood) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 14:21:46 PST Subject: Red-banded Hairstreaks Message-ID: <19990324222147.10417.qmail@hotmail.com> Does anyone have any advice for getting Red-banded Hairstreaks to oviposit in captivity? I would like to raise some, but am unsure what exactly the host plant material should be. Fallen sumac leaves? Sounds iffy to me. Has anyone actually witnessed them ovipositing in the wild? Any tips are appreciated. Thanks Paulette Haywood Birmingham,AL habitatdesigns at hotmail.com Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From dmccann1 at nycap.rr.com Wed Mar 24 18:00:20 1999 From: dmccann1 at nycap.rr.com (David McCann) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 23:00:20 GMT Subject: butterflies by Weed Message-ID: <88eK2.607$Ew4.23917@typhoon.nycap.rr.com> Picked up a copy of Weed's 1926 book "Butterflies." It's item 82134585 at Ebay if anyone is interested. Perfect condition. I thought a member of this NG might be interested so I bring it to the Group's attention. From timbukt2 at excite.com Wed Mar 24 18:36:45 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 15:36:45 PST Subject: Polyporus Antiviral Spray Message-ID: <922318605.23834.967@excite.com> I know of no commercial sources for polypore fungi except herb suppliers. They can be wildcrafted as well. Piptoporus betulinus has been effective against viruses and tumors in mice and dogs. The effects are attributed to its pentacyclic triterpenes. In Finnish folk medicine, the main species used is Innonotus obliquus, the White Birch Polypore, decoctions and infusions being used as a cold and flu remedy, whose antiviral effects have been clinically documented(see Phytoterapia). For more on the pharmacology of fungi see Christopher Hobb's "Medicinal Mushrooms," Botanica Press, 1986. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From timbukt2 at excite.com Wed Mar 24 20:30:26 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 17:30:26 PST Subject: Speyeria diana Message-ID: <922325426.25410.957@excite.com> Does anyone else think that it would be possible to re-introduce S. diana into its original position in the Ohio River Valley? I am willing to invest the time and effort if this is at all feasible. I live in Indiana and can procure rearing space for life cycle studies. I have experience rearing fritillaries, but not the Diana. If someone is already raising S. diana, or if I must obtain a special permit, please let me know. Hopefully, I will be afield there this spring and summer (intermittently) documenting host flora of the river counties, keeping secondarily in mind the less common sphinxes and their hosts. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Wed Mar 24 19:33:37 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 20:33:37 -0400 Subject: NABA Checklist In-Reply-To: Kenelm Philip "Reference for NA butterfly checklist" (Mar 24, 10:14am) References: Message-ID: <990324203341.ZM13622@Gochfeld> Frequent mention has been made of the NABA CHECKLIST (actually the North American Butterfly Association (NABA) Checklist & English Names of North American Buterflies. I think this is now out of print, and since it is four years old it is ripe for revision, since a number of new species have been added to the U.S. "list". Ken has pointed out some of the limitations. Perhaps it would be useful to understand some features of this list. Its intent and purpose are clearly stated in a detailed introduction which describes the procedures by which the names were determined. Firstly it does not include all of North America, only North America north of Mexico. Its two main purposes were to provide a standard list of English names, and to provide guidance for the rapidly growing cadre of butterfly watchers, most of whom were not familiar with butterfly scientific names nor the typical systematic literature. In fact, the committee that prepared the list is named the "Committee for English Names of North American Butterflies". Its members are Brian Cassie, Jeffrey Glassberg, Paul Opler, Robert Robbins, Guy Tudor. At least two of these are widely recognized systematists, with an appropriate familiarity with the subtleties of genitalia, behavior, and other traditional taxonomic characters. So the NABA list was not intended to be a scientific checklist. Nonetheless, the authors did attempt to be uptodate with regard to species level taxonomy, and included several well-marked subspecies complexes where the species level decisions are particularly controversial. Inevitably other controveries will arise, particularly with wider application of molecular systematics. The list employed a number of nouveau systematic changes, such as the lumping of Mitroura into Callophrys as well as some species level lumpings, for instands within Callophrys [Mitroura] gryneus. It also paved the way for the eventual splitting of the "Spring Azures" by listing six different "subspecies", several of which are apparently specifically distinct. Almost half of the volume is devoted to "notes", but most of these have to do with how the English names were selected, particularly when there was disagreement within the Committee. A few of these notes have systematic content, while some focus as well on orthography (things like hypenation). Already a few species have shown up north of the Rio Grande, and it is not surprising if other subspecies will be elevated to specific rank. Probably the ultimate approach will be to use a computerized version of the list which has adequate flexibility to allow individuals to insert (or delete) taxa as desired. I'm currently reviewing a computerized list LEPILIST (Santa Barbara Software) which holds great promise in this regard, and will someday be ready to post a review to the list. Someone might wish to insert subspecies for a favored genus or family. But although the Miller and Brown (1981) checklist include subspecies (with excellent synonymy detail), the NABA committee, I'm told, did consider this source. This is a long way of saying there is no single definitive list, and the taxonomy of N.American butterflies is not likely to "hold still". New taxonomic approaches will alter understanding of relationships among genera, species, and subspecies, resulting in new combinations of scientific names (which is why many people feel that English names will ultimately be more stable) (No, this whole message was not simply an introduction to that final polemic). M. Gochfeld From MWalker at gensym.com Wed Mar 24 21:41:04 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 21:41:04 -0500 Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2F2@hqmail.gensym.com> Ken Philip wrote: > It depends on what you want the list for. The most recently > published list (1995) is the NABA Checklist & English Names of North Amer- > ican Butterflies. In my estimation, however, that is most useful as a > source > for English names, not as a standard reference for scientific names. For > one oddity, the taxa _Colias boothii_ and _C. thula_ (now considered as NA > races of _Colias tyche_) are totally omitted from the NABA list, which > was compiled under the older assumption that these were hybrids between > _C. hecla and _C nastes_. Also, subspecies are not addressed at all. I > have many doubts about the utility of subspecies, but they are in such > general use that a checklist should include them. > I'm curious as to the questioning of the utility of subspecies. I'm probably not looking at this as a biologist would, though. From my perspective (whether or not _subspecies_ is correct taxonomically), the fact that a particular lep species exhibits some unusual but uniform set of characteristics when it is isolated to a particular region (or is using an unusual larval food plant), is of great interest. If there were no way of uniquely classifying these cases, it would seem that we would potentially be missing a lot of very valuable scientific information. Again, I'm probably not interpreting Ken correctly, so I'll just wait for his response. Mark Walker. From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Thu Mar 25 00:49:32 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1999 20:49:32 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: Mark Walker, quite rightly, questioned my comment about doubting the utility of subspecies. I should have been more specific (sometimes things just sort of slip out) and said that I doubt, in many cases, the utility of existing subspecies names for arctic/subarctic butterflies. I have no quarrel with geographically well-delineated subspecies, which are common enough in the western US. But the history of applying names to arctic butterflies tends to look like this: person A makes a trip to arctic region X at some longitude, and describes a new butterfly. Then person B visits arctic region Y at a different longitude, finds a butterfly that looks a bit different from the first one, and describes a new subspecies. No one involved has any information as to whether the two 'subspecies' are possibly merely arbitrary points from a cline--which in fact they may be, but that fact won't emerge until a _lot_ of trips have been made to intermediate longitudes (not easy, or inexpensive, in these roadless regions). There is an old comment that applies here--a sort of law of arctic taxonomy: The boundaries between described arctic subspecies always fall in uncollected areas. A more general problem I have with subspecies is that their accepted nomenclature hides the one single most important piece of information about them: where they are found. What is your first question when someone tells you about a new ssp. of a butterfly in which you are interested? WHERE is it from? It would really be a lot handier if these geographic forms were _named_ for their localities--then you wouldn't have to ask. I know this is rank heresy, and will never come to pass--but one can still dream... Sometimes an approximation to this happens: as with _Parnassius phoebus golovinus_. But it would be still clearer if it were called, let's say: _Parnassius phoebus_ [Golovnin Bay AK]. Not everyone knows that the village of Golovin is on Golovnin Bay... I am talking here about old-fashioned morphological subspecies. When you start with DNA I suspect the number of subspecies could become astronomical. Now I can prepare to receive the brickbats which will presumably be heading my way... Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI Thu Mar 25 02:18:03 1999 From: niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI (Niklas Wahlberg) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 09:18:03 +0200 Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist In-Reply-To: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2F2@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990325091803.0091c5f0@pop.helsinki.fi> Thanks to all for the replies. Since there apparently is no recent checklist, I would like to ask whether anybody knows the current taxonomic status of the following species (or are they?): Chlosyne (Thessalia) fulvia Chlosyne (Thessalia) cyneas Phyciodes (Anthanassa) tulcis Poladryas arachne Euphydryas anicia Euphydryas colon All of these are variously considered species or subspecies depending on the author. The first four are listed as species in the NABA list, but I would like to see the source of this. The Euphydryas chalcedona group is a total mess for sure (also in my molecular data set). Any help would be greatly appreciated. Ken, thanks for the offer of sending specimens, but I am now at the stage analysing and writing up the melitaeine molecular phylogeny (which means I'm out of the lab). Cheers, Niklas _________________________________________________________________________ Niklas Wahlberg Department of Ecology and Systematics Division of Population Biology PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 Check out our www-site: http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ From niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI Thu Mar 25 02:21:43 1999 From: niklas.wahlberg at Helsinki.FI (Niklas Wahlberg) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 09:21:43 +0200 Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist In-Reply-To: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2F2@hqmail.gensym.com> Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990325092143.00918770@pop.helsinki.fi> Woops, it was Norbert Kondla who offered to send specimens not Ken. I should look at the sender addresses more carefully! Thanks anyway! Cheers, Niklas _________________________________________________________________________ Niklas Wahlberg Department of Ecology and Systematics Division of Population Biology PO Box 17 (Arkadiankatu 7) 00014 University of Helsinki Finland p. +358-9-191 7378, fax +358-9-191 7301 Check out our www-site: http://www.helsinki.fi/science/metapop/ From zagatti at versailles.inra.fr Thu Mar 25 04:20:25 1999 From: zagatti at versailles.inra.fr (Pierre Zagatti) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 10:20:25 +0100 Subject: Pictorial key References: <00fe01be761e$5d8ef920$c49ec9a5@JimM.wp.state.ks.us> Message-ID: <36F9FFD9.5EB454E2@versailles.inra.fr> Jim Mason wrote: > Could the person who recently posted the web site of his pictorial key to (I > believe) West Indies butterflys please re-post it? I just migrated to a new > computer and lost a bunch of my email in the process. I was very impressed > with the approach and wanted to explore the site a bit more. Thanks! Although it concerns Arctiid moths only, I guess you mentioned my site: http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/arctiid/texteng/arctiide.htm BTW, i want to thank you all who tested this site and gave comments and advices. The use of such plates with direct links is nice but really fastidious for the programmer, since you have to check all species coordinates on the plate then write them back inside the html MAP command. Especially if every plate is rewritten in 3 different sizes! If someone is interested, I have made a short program that directly writes the coordinates and link names. Contact me. -- Pierre ZAGATTI INRA Unite de Phytopharmacie et Mediateurs Chimiques 78026 Versailles Cedex FRANCE Tel: (33) 1 30 83 31 18 e-mail zagatti at versailles.inra.fr http://www.jouy.inra.fr/papillon/ From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Thu Mar 25 04:20:36 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 01:20:36 -0800 (PST) Subject: Subspecies References: Message-ID: <17669-36F9FFE4-107@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Ken: Thats a good Idea to name a ssp after the location, it would clarify verbal ID and the name need not be in latin if everyone knew it to be a place name. I'll bet though that the name would still have to conform to the rules of latin so it would get distorted enough to make sense to Romans. Also, those dilligent souls who ultimately decide these things are rumored to move through taxonomic esoterica the way continents move through the lithosphere, and I'll bet there are curators who would feel a cold chill if they even heard rumors of this. Bill From spruance at infinet.com Thu Mar 25 08:21:31 1999 From: spruance at infinet.com (Eric or Pat Metzler) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 08:21:31 -0500 Subject: Speyeria diana References: <922325426.25410.957@excite.com> Message-ID: <36FA385B.2448@infinet.com> If you decide to proceed remember that you must have federal permits to transport any living life stage across state lines. Charles Gavette wrote: > > Does anyone else think that it would be possible to re-introduce S. diana > into its original position in the Ohio River Valley? I am willing to invest > the time and effort if this is at all feasible. I live in Indiana and can > procure rearing space for life cycle studies. I have experience rearing > fritillaries, but not the Diana. If someone is already raising S. diana, or > if I must obtain a special permit, please let me know. Hopefully, I will be > afield there this spring and summer (intermittently) documenting host flora > of the river counties, keeping secondarily in mind the less common sphinxes > and their hosts. > > _______________________________________________________ > Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From be496 at lafn.org Thu Mar 25 01:58:21 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 06:58:21 +0000 Subject: Reference for NA butterfly checklist References: <3.0.3.32.19990325091803.0091c5f0@pop.helsinki.fi> Message-ID: <36F9DE8D.47AE43D2@lafn.org> Niklas Wahlberg wrote: > > Thanks to all for the replies. Since there apparently is no recent > checklist, I would like to ask whether anybody knows the current taxonomic > status of the following species (or are they?): > Chlosyne (Thessalia) fulvia > Chlosyne (Thessalia) cyneas > Phyciodes (Anthanassa) tulcis > Poladryas arachne > Euphydryas anicia > Euphydryas colon > > All of these are variously considered species or subspecies depending on the author. The first four are listed as species in the NABA list, but I would like to see the source of this. The Euphydryas chalcedona group is a total mess for sure (also in my molecular data set). Any help would be greatly appreciated. Ken, thanks for the offer of sending specimens, but I am now at the stage analysing and writing up the melitaeine molecular phylogeny (which means I'm out of the lab). > > Cheers, Niklas > The latest work in "Systematics of Western North American BF" 12/98 edited by T. Emmel, shows both anicia and colon to be separate species.... NABA will probably pick up these & other updates in their next publication, thought to be after Paul Opler's Peterson-Western Butterflies is published--scheduled for May.... Cheers, Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Ca. be496 at lafn.org PS "Systematics..." available thru Mariposa Press, 1717 N.W. 45th Ave., Gainesville, Fla. 32605, $75 + S&H $5 352-392-5894 fax 352-392-0479 From Thorn at cc.denison.edu Thu Mar 25 07:20:25 1999 From: Thorn at cc.denison.edu (Robert Thorn) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 12:20:25 +0000 Subject: Speyeria diana References: <922325426.25410.957@excite.com> Message-ID: <36FA2A08.F8E51C18@denison.edu> In Ohio, we've been waiting a long time for Dianas to recolonize the mature forests near the Ohio River, but with no success yet. What was the reason for the Diana's extirpation from southern Indiana & Ohio? The party line is that the extensive deforestation that occured earlier in this century deprived them of foodplants or overwintering sites, but has any one carefully checked this out? Correlating last specimens with temperature or timber harvest/ farming records might speak to this. If it is the case, reintroduction would be a viable concern, but if some other factor like disease were responsible, then our efforts might be wasted. Rob Thorn From BHammond at tnc.org Fri Mar 26 01:56:49 1999 From: BHammond at tnc.org (Bruce Hammond) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 22:56:49 -0800 Subject: TNC Invertebrate Intern Position Message-ID: <36FB2FB1.BB8C85E6@tnc.org> The Nature Conservancy's Massachusetts Islands office is seeking an intern for summer 1999 to inventory and monitor invertebrates at preserves on Martha's Vineyard. A position announcement follows. Interested individuals should send a resume to Bruce Hammond at the address below. Thank you. INVERTEBRATE MONITORING INTERN JOB DESCRIPTION TITLE: Invertebrate Monitoring Intern SUPERVISOR: Islands Ecologist PREPARER: Bruce Hammond DATE PREPARED: March 22, 1999 SUMMARY OF POSITION: The Invertebrate Monitoring Intern will conduct an invertebrate inventory of several preserves, focusing on rare (state-listed) species. In addition, the intern will establish an ongoing invertebrate monitoring program at several additional preserves. The intern will be supervised by the Islands Ecologist and may be trained and advised by specialists associated with The Nature Conservancy (TNC). Group housing is available at TNC?s Hoft Farm field station. This full-time internship position with stipend and housing will begin May 24, 1999 and end August 27, 1999. DUTIES: 1) Complete invertebrate inventories of at least two preserves to be specified by TNC: survey methodologies may include black lighting and pit-fall trapping; final products will include species list compiled by properties and natural communities, as well as prepared voucher specimens. 2) Establish invertebrate monitoring programs: assist Islands Ecologist to research alternative monitoring methodologies and develop a proposed methodology appropriate for the local natural communities and species; implement the monitoring program at two or more preserves by establishing and surveying plots; produce a report on the monitoring methodology design and the first year results. 3) Upgrade the Invertebrate Monitoring Database under development by TNC by incorporating additional data on the islands? invertebrate diversity. 4) In cooperation with TNC, lead one public walk on a preserve discussing local invertebrate diversity. REQUIREMENTS: 1) A degree in entomology or related subject. 2) Experience in identifying and surveying invertebrates, especially lepidoptera. 3) Experience with ecological monitoring programs 4) An ability to work independently with infrequent guidance, long and irregular hours and challenging field conditions. Please send resume and cover letter to: Bruce Hammond Islands Ecologist The Wakeman Center RFD 319X Vineyard Haven, MA 02568 (508) 693-6287 bhammond at tnc.org THE NATURE CONSERVANCY IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER The Nature Conservancy is committed to diversity in the workplace, with particular emphasis on areas in which minorities have been historically under-represented in the environmental professions. We strongly encourage African-Americans, Hispanics/Latinos, Asians/Pacific Islanders and Native Americans to apply. From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Thu Mar 25 11:47:24 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 08:47:24 -0800 Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: Bill (posing as Esther) wrote: >Ken: >Thats a good Idea to name a ssp after the location, it would clarify >verbal ID and the name need not be in latin if everyone knew it to be a >place name. I'll bet though that the name would still have to conform to >the rules of latin so it would get distorted enough to make sense to >Romans. Also, those dilligent souls who ultimately decide these things >are rumored to move through taxonomic esoterica the way continents move >through the lithosphere, and I'll bet there are curators who would feel >a cold chill if they even heard rumors of this. Species epithets do not *have* to conform to latin rules. Take a look at my home page to see numerous humorous examples. Basically, and I'm sure others will correct me if I'm wrong, you need only specify in your original description that the epithet is being formed as a "noun in apposition" and you can then use anything you like, as long as it's a single effective word ("golovnin bay" would be prohibited, but not "golovnin-bay"). But yes, there are people who don't like non-traditional nomenclature, but most of them work on vertebrates or plants. ;-) Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Thu Mar 25 12:43:58 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 12:43:58 EST5EDT Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: <1D59301445@carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu> Leppers, Ah, finally my extremist side comes out! I am in agreement with Ken Phillip about the lack of utility of the subspecific taxonomic rank. I am definitely more extreme than Ken, however, so I'm sure Mark Walker may have something to say about my comments. Ken wrote: >But the history of applying > names to arctic butterflies tends to look like this: person A makes a > trip to arctic region X at some longitude, and describes a new butterfly. > Then person B visits arctic region Y at a different longitude, finds > a butterfly that looks a bit different from the first one, and describes > a new subspecies. No one involved has any information as to whether the > two 'subspecies' are possibly merely arbitrary points from a cline--which > in fact they may be, but that fact won't emerge until a _lot_ of trips > have been made to intermediate longitudes (not easy, or inexpensive, in > these roadless regions). I would suggest that this applies to a number of supposed "well-delineated" subspecies of western butterflies as well. I have had the opportunity to look at series of Euphydryas from many different populations in the west -- I will grant you that different "subspecies" may have differences in the modal (middle-of-the-curve) specimens. However, anyone who has every looked at populations of Euphydryas knows very well that there is typically a lot of pattern variation within each population, enough so that the variation of one "subspecies" clearly encompasses that of many others. The utility of maintaining these different subspecific names under these circumstances escapes me. If you want to simply use the subspecies names to represent populations of a species from different places, without regard to any sort of distinctive genetic differences, then go ahead. This is *not*, however, how the category should be used, but I would have less problem with it if it was, as Ken sort of suggested. It *would be* particularly useful if, as Ken suggested, different populations were given names based on their geographic locations. Whether or not this had any foundation in any sort of genetic difference, if this is the way we defined the use of the subspecific category, it certainly could have a lot of utility. (I'm not necessarily suggesting this is the way it should be done!) On the flip side, if you do discover a truly isolated population, with presumably its own genetic history, with basically no gene flow with other populations of the same "species", then I can see *some* utility in the subspecific rank. However, at this point, it is completely arbitrary whether you should call this a subspecies or a completely separate species, as this population is now off to pursue its own evolutionary potential. The only way you could "find out" if these populations are species or subspecies is if they then came back in contact with other populations and if there was then gene flow between them. Needless to say, you have to have a lot of pretty specific information to convince me that some population should be considered a subspecies of anything! Ken also wrote: > I am talking here about old-fashioned morphological subspecies. > When you start with DNA I suspect the number of subspecies could become > astronomical. I would actually argue that the number of subspecies would actually decrease -- it would be the number of *species* that would increase astronomically. We're heading off toward another thread that was running a few weeks ago about defining species based on actual DNA differences, and we don't really need to go there again. My point is still, however, that the subspecies rank is, in many cases, extremely overused. As for Euphydryas, I'd just scrap all the subspecies and start over . . . hey, it's not going to happen, but, as Ken says, I can dream . . . Ken wrote: > Now I can prepare to receive the brickbats which will presumably > be heading my way... Ditto. James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From MWalker at gensym.com Thu Mar 25 13:01:39 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 13:01:39 -0500 Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2F4@hqmail.gensym.com> Ken Philip wrote: > Mark Walker, quite rightly, questioned my comment about doubting > the utility of subspecies. I should have been more specific (sometimes > things just sort of slip out) and said that I doubt, in many cases, the > utility of existing subspecies names for arctic/subarctic butterflies. > > I have no quarrel with geographically well-delineated subspecies, > which are common enough in the western US. But the history of applying > names to arctic butterflies tends to look like this: person A makes a > trip to arctic region X at some longitude, and describes a new butterfly. > Then person B visits arctic region Y at a different longitude, finds > a butterfly that looks a bit different from the first one, and describes > a new subspecies. No one involved has any information as to whether the > two 'subspecies' are possibly merely arbitrary points from a cline--which > in fact they may be, but that fact won't emerge until a _lot_ of trips > have been made to intermediate longitudes (not easy, or inexpensive, in > these roadless regions). > > There is an old comment that applies here--a sort of law of arctic > taxonomy: The boundaries between described arctic subspecies always fall > in uncollected areas. > > A more general problem I have with subspecies is that their accepted > nomenclature hides the one single most important piece of information > about > them: where they are found. What is your first question when someone tells > you about a new ssp. of a butterfly in which you are interested? WHERE is > it from? It would really be a lot handier if these geographic forms were > _named_ for their localities--then you wouldn't have to ask. I know this > is rank heresy, and will never come to pass--but one can still dream... > > Sometimes an approximation to this happens: as with _Parnassius > phoebus golovinus_. But it would be still clearer if it were called, let's > say: _Parnassius phoebus_ [Golovnin Bay AK]. Not everyone knows that the > village of Golovin is on Golovnin Bay... > > I am talking here about old-fashioned morphological subspecies. > When you start with DNA I suspect the number of subspecies could become > astronomical. > > Now I can prepare to receive the brickbats which will presumably > be heading my way... > > Now that's about as satisfying a response as anyone could ask for. I guess my only point (and it's not even relevant within the current context, I suppose) was that if two collectors A and B were to find morphologically different individuals of some species in two different or displaced habitats, then there should be some convenient way of classifying these differences so that more data will be collected. Subspecies, race, and form annotations are, IMO, useful for this purpose (though not very consistent) - but are often not included in checklists or field guides. I like the idea of geographical annotations, by the way. Mark Walker. From semjase at aol.com Thu Mar 25 12:37:04 1999 From: semjase at aol.com (Semjase) Date: 25 Mar 1999 17:37:04 GMT Subject: larval disease in butterfly house References: Message-ID: <19990325123704.19765.00000149@ng-ch1.aol.com> >Subject: larval disease in butterfly house >From: jrg13 at psu.edu (John Grehan) >Date: 3/24/99 9:36 AM Pacific Standard Time >Message-id: > >A colleague of mine, Bob Snetsinger, is starting a butterfly >house. Recently some larvae died from what is presumably >a bacterial or viral disease (they turned black). > >I would be grateful for any information or information sources on >dealing with this kind of problem in a glass house situation. Are >there recommended methods for sterilizing the glass-house after >infections of this kind, or for reducing the likelyhood of their >occuring. > >John Grehan How Big is it? Usually a cup of bleach and a cup of laundry detergent to a bucket of water is enough to sterilize a facility. The problem is with recontamination as the infective agent gets on everything including yourself. It would be best to do the larval husbandry in a facility separate from the flight house since it would make things easier to control. Keep various cultures separate also Do a search on such subjects as insect viruses, nuclear polyhedrosis and Bacillus thuriengensis to fill yourself in on the nature of these infective organisms. S. From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Thu Mar 25 14:15:10 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 11:15:10 -0800 Subject: subspecies, another 'spin' Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F65@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> lotsa fertile ground for pursuing subspecies concepts and applications from biological/evolutionary/taxonomic perspectives. add to this the complication caused by some legal definitions of a subspecies or even a population being classed in the same basket as a species and things get really entertaining. there are those who would argue that regardless of any scientific and communication utilities associated with subspecies names, that there is conservation utility attached to a subspecies name. i sometimes think that subspecies have been deliberately described and named to enhance the success of pursuing conservation actions. is this a 'valid' use of nomenclature? i dunno, and who has been empowered through democratic process to make such a decision anyway? time will tell, regardless i too find communication value in having some kind of name to use in referencing visibly different organisms present in differing ecosystems/geographic areas, regardless of how they might fit into varying taxonomic concepts and rule sets ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Thu Mar 25 14:32:37 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 10:32:37 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: What--no brickbats? Maybe there's hope... :-) Doug Yanega pointed out that under the code, locality names would have to be latinized. Actually I was being a bit sneakier than that. I put the locality name in square brackets '[]' after the species, to indicate that it has nothing to do with the code. The code might prevent one from _describing_ a new taxon as, for example, '_Lycaena phlaeas_ [Umiat AK]', but I know of nothing in the code that would make you unable to _refer_ to that population of that species in that manner. Latinizing the locality name would defeat the purpose--which is to make the location of the popu- lation instantly accessible to everyone. If anyone wonders where this came from--it arose from my attempts to make order within the Alaska Lepidoptera Survey collection when I found that existing ssps within Alaska did not seem very helpful. So I decided to order the collection strictly geographically (within the limitation that series in drawers are a one-dimensional array, while the populations on the ground form a 2-D array). (Ideally, one would have all the specimens pinned onto a large map of the region.) I found this way of looking at things useful, and have been doing it ever since. Ken Philip From Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk Thu Mar 25 13:27:27 1999 From: Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk (Ian Thirlwell) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 19:27:27 +0100 Subject: Osmeteria through history... References: Message-ID: <7de2n5$b5p$1@news5.svr.pol.co.uk> Chambers Dictionary has "osmeterium" pl. "osmeteria", derivation being Greek, not Latin, osme (stink, smell) and -terion denoting instrument. Ian Thirlwell Hampshire UK ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk Kenelm Philip wrote in message ... > > ...snipped... > Most modern books use 'osmeteria'. I wonder when, and why, the >change occurred. Since older authors were often more familiar with Latin, >I suppose a good case could be made for the older spelling... > > Ken Philip >fnkwp at uaf.edu > > From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Thu Mar 25 16:42:31 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 12:42:31 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Osmeteria through history... Message-ID: Ian Thirlwell is, of course, correct: 'osme' is Greek. And 'osmeterium' rather than 'osmaterium' would be the correct version. I still wonder why the older works used 'osmaterium'. Surely it's not because they were ignorant of Greek? Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Thu Mar 25 18:42:25 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 14:42:25 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Subspecies--oops Message-ID: Maybe someday I'll learn to read... Doug Yanega did _not_ say that locality names would have to be cast into Latin, just that they could not be two seperate words. However, what I would like to do would more or less bypass the Code, which to the best of my knowledge does not say you cannot, in a scientific paper, follow the name of a species with a parenthetical comment about its locality. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu P.S. Not that I expect to see this happen... From mothmaniac at nospam.com Thu Mar 25 19:38:33 1999 From: mothmaniac at nospam.com (mothmaniac at nospam.com) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 00:38:33 GMT Subject: Larval disease in butterfly house Message-ID: <36fad705.7590607@netnews.worldnet.att.net> John, I have had much experience with pathogen problems and possible treatments, in rearing Saturniidae; the pathogens which attack butterflies are generally the same, so the information here will apply in your case. There are three major types of disease-causing organisms which attack larvae; bacteria, fungi and viruses. The first two are treatable when they occur, however, viruses are best "treated" by prevention programs, rather than intervention, as there are no commonly available drugs that are antiviral in nature. Symptoms of viral infection are obvious and well-known; and occur late in the progress of the infection, when treatment would be ineffective - were any treatment available. The most common viral affliction is called NPV (Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus) and it affects many, many species of Lepidoptera. Symptoms are: Loss of larval appetite, followed by a "bleeding" or oozing of hemolymph (larval "blood") through the skin, and a concomitant loss of turgor (fluid "plumpness" or "firmness") of the larva. The larva becomes very sluggish, and its color may become dull. The loss of bodily fluids continues until what is left is essentially a soft, mushy "bag" of skin, usually with the larva assuming a characteristic "hanging by the claspers" (or sometimes a proleg) posture. At this point death is imminent. The "baggy" hanging larva will usually become a dull brownish color, although some larvae do retain their normal colors, only dulled. The rate of progress from initial symptoms until death is extremely rapid, usually within 24 to 48 hours, so nothing can be done even if treatment were available, because of the massive internal destruction caused by the virus rupturing cell membranes as it reproduces (this causes the aforementioned loss of fluids, by permeation through the skin, and by the spilling out of the cytoplasm of the cells themselves). Prevention is really the only way to control this disease - sterilization of all surfaces in the greenhouse with a chlorine-bleach/water solution, as well as all sleeves and tools, plus washing leaves of foodplant in bleach/water as well (larvae do not seem to mind this, at least in Saturniidae). I also recommend irradiation, for 4 hours daily, with ultraviolet radiation in the mediumwave spectrum (so-called UV-B) from natural sunlight (NOT in a greenhouse, as typical glass and plastic glazings absorb most energy at these wavelengths). This is one problem of greenhouse rearing versus outdoor rearing; larvae are much more prone to disease from lack of sufficient UV radiation inside a hothouse. If exposure to natural UV cannot be arranged, use an ultraviolet "sunlamp" (mercury vapor; NOT the ordinary "streetlight" type), emitting in the 2570 Angstrom wavelength band, a 500 w unit held 1 meter away from the larvae for 15 minutes per day would be a typical application. A lower wattage lamp or a lamp at greater distance from the larvae will need to be left on longer. Use of germicidal shortwave UV lamps to sterilize the upper air in the greenhouse (as is done in hospitals) is also recommended, however, do not expose the larvae (or yourself) directly to these (they should be shielded from below)- the radiation from these lamps, in the 2200-1800 Angstrom band is dangerous to eyes and skin. Good ventilation is essential with these lamps; they may produce appreciable ozone. All of these measures are also very effective in preventing bacterial and fungal infections as well. Good air circulation, prevention of excessive heat (which stresses larval immune systems) and low humidity (as low as the larvae able to tolerate) are also good measures for disease control. Any larvae which have been infected with NPV should be immediately destroyed- they cannot be saved. Do not simply throw them on the ground, where the virus could spread into the environment and harm native Lepidoptera; soak them in pure chlorox bleach until they dissolve. Any confinement sleeves in which the infected larvae were held must also be sterilized; soak them in a strong bleach/water solution for several hours. Wash the leaves of the plants on which these larvae were feeding with this also; better yet, if possible, destroy the plants. Only in very rare circumstances have larvae recovered of their own accord, or subsequent to irradiation treatments, from NPV, in my experience. And these larvae often die in the pupal stage, anyway, so trying to "cure" them of NPV is almost always an exercise in futility. (Although I am very interested in the mention by someone on this NG of an antiviral agent derived from Polyporus (Piptoporus betulinus) fungus- I have not heard of this before, and wonder if it might be effective against NPV). Bacterial infections of larvae, unless advanced, are treatable, as are fungal infections. Fungi usually cause dark spots or blotches to form on the skin; bacterial afflictions are usually characterized by a loss of appetite followed by a very rapid blackening and deliquescence of the larva, but without the typical hanging, "baggy" posture of virally infected caterpillars. The most common bacterium responsible in many areas of the US is Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) which is sprayed by townships and state agencies in many areas to control Gypsy Moth populations. Unfortunately, although dubbed as "safe, killing only pest species", it is a very lethal pathogen to hundreds of Lepidoptera species, good and bad, and is a typical marketing conspiracy which places profit over the environment and has had many state and local government agencies as well as uninformed citizens fooled for many years, to the detriment of nonpest and even endangered species. The best defenses against this pathogen (and other bacteria as well) are (aside from an informed citizenry, or avoidance of exposure) the various antibiotics such as Kanamycin sulfate and Terramycin, etc. These can usually be purchased for aquarium use in any good pet shop, and are sold in capsule form. A capsule, emptied into a small (clean) flit gun filled with water, and sprayed on the leaves of the foodplant daily works well, somewhat more effectively as preventative than cure. However, it does seem to be actually toxic to certain Saturniid larvae, in my experience, but if your larvae are dying and you have nothing to lose, then try it. (I don't know if it is harmful to whatever butterflies you are trying to rear; if experiments show it not to be, then make it part of your daily care regimen, to help prevent anything from even starting). As far as fungal infections are concerned, many are preventable by offering the larvae good (non-stressful) conditions (keeping heat and humidity down and free airflow in the greenhouse) and proper foodplant choices. And practice the sterilization measures I have mentioned above. As far as treatments go, I have not had occasion to use antifungal agents in the treatment of larvae (no problems with fungus) but I believe that UV irradiation would be effective (and even prevent it to begin with). Hopefully, this brief overview of pathogen control will have been of some use to you. Happy Rearing! From timbukt2 at excite.com Thu Mar 25 21:33:00 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 18:33:00 PST Subject: Antivirals From Plants Message-ID: <922415580.15263.914@excite.com> I remember reading of how the fresh growing tops of certain plants were used to bathe newborn infants by Native American women as a method to protect the skin. The external flavonoids found on the aerial parts of plants are highly regarded by herbalists. Thus, there may be antiviral-like activity found in plant extracts that could theoretically be used for larval hygiene. On the other hand they may also act as a feeding deterrent. I would be quite surprised if we found not a single method of virus control from plants. Can the Polyhedrosis virus be cultured on plates? If so, simple tests may give one some answers. If this is the major virus in Lepidoptera, what is its viability on inanimate surfaces? A few plants to investigate may be the pawpaw (Asimina triloba) for its annonaceous acetogenins(from seeds and bark), some of which have been found to be a million times more potent than adriamycin. Also the ubiquitous and mostly overlooked Selfheal(Prunella vulgaris), whose triterpene prunellin is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor of HIV/AIDS, Herpes Simplex I & II, HBV, and I believe Epstein-Barr Virus. Unlike the polysaccharides found in many fungi, triterpenes are not as easily cleaved in the stomach of humans, thus increasing its efficacy in the system as to delivery of the active compound. Can this happen in Lepidopteran systems, too? Could one actually produce a coated antiviral substance that could get past the taste preferences of a larva and act as a pill.? If so, then, "What is the LD-50? Since we are still finding new compounds every few months from the commonest of plants, it may be a good idea to acquaint oneself with the actual phyto-compounds of the host plants for each species. Has anyone studied the correlations between the number of proven antiviral compounds in a host plant of a species and records of virus infection? Both UV irradiation and internal medicine(where the virus may actually be replicating) would seem to be a sound strategy. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From tis at golden.net Thu Mar 25 21:47:21 1999 From: tis at golden.net (tis at golden.net) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 02:47:21 GMT Subject: Livestock Breeders Message-ID: <36faf3f4.1160931@news.golden.net> If there are livestock breeders out there from anywhere in the world who would like to sell off their surplus bred material as dead, dried papered specimens, I can purchase in quantity many different kinds of butrterflies and moths or trade othser dried material. Please e-mail response to tis at lonet.ca From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Thu Mar 25 03:45:07 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 00:45:07 -0800 Subject: Zebra Swallowtail Status? Message-ID: <36F9F793.2427@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Population status for zebra swallowtail in Maryland? _Extremely_ stunning creature; I recall seeing two or three in Havre de Grace, MD, back around 1973. And unfortunately, because I was a budding childhood lepidopterist, one of 'em ended up dead in my collection. Sor-ry... -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Thu Mar 25 04:39:17 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1999 01:39:17 -0800 Subject: Collecting Monarch larvae near to molting References: <3.0.1.32.19990316090335.0073fb70@mailhost.mbay.net> Message-ID: <36FA0445.7361@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Sheri Moreau wrote: > > Harlen, > > I pick up larvae that are near to molting all the time, almost every day, > in fact. If you are gentle and VERY careful, it appears to have no adverse > impact on them whatsoever (despite all the warnings I've read)...I have > beautiful chrysalides right now! I prefer not to pick up ones whose head > cases have fallen forward, but if it's necessary, I will do it. I DON'T > pick them up after they've molted until after they've eaten their discarded > skin and their tentacles are back in the normal position. The other option > is to cut out a segment of leaf around the larvae, and transfer the whole > thing to a safe container. They're at their most fragile when hatching from the chrysalis. It's impossible to touch them without maiming them. For clipping leaf segments, clip the whole leaf if possible. Use a razor blade or sharp fingernail clipper to avoid mechanical shock when cutting the stem. > Better to be gently moved at a non-ideal time, then eaten by a > mockingbird!! (Well, the mockingbirds would disagree with me, but throw > them some peanuts, and you'll have a friend for life! I know a professor at > the Naval Postgraduate School who used peanuts to train a Stellar's Jay to > fly in his office window, sit on top of the computer monitor, and take > peanuts from his fingers. The bird's been coming back for 5 years, often > with his offspring in tow!) > > Sheri For obvious reasons, Stellar's jays go by the nickname "camp robbers." They have no fear of humans, particularly when said humans offer gifts of food from outstretched hands. -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From butrfly at epix.net Fri Mar 26 04:42:54 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 01:42:54 -0800 Subject: Zebra Swallowtail Status? References: <36F9F793.2427@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Message-ID: <36FB569E.3A34@epix.net> Rev Chuck wrote: > > Population status for zebra swallowtail in Maryland? _Extremely_ > stunning creature; I recall seeing two or three in Havre de Grace, > MD, back around 1973. They are usually in good numbers in Elk Necks State Park and best near Turkey Point. Because of the Pawpaw stiuation along the bay they can still be found easily. It does seem that populations are far better near Washington DC. I did receive a call from one concern that wanted to thin the population out. Lets review. Too many butterflies, isn't that like winning the lottery and saying that the money is too green?!?!?!? Rick Mikula From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Fri Mar 26 05:02:31 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 18:02:31 +0800 Subject: subspecies, another 'spin' References: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F65@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Message-ID: <36FB5B37.4EE8E276@hkusua.hku.hk> Just my hal'p'ny worth In thought (a rare event in my case) and in combination with looking at lots of checklists of late, one possible alternative (putting an extra column in the database, though) would be to make sure the type locality is always given when compiling a checklist. This gets round the problem on having a species or subspecies name that isn't geographically orientated, but it means that an extra appendix is also necessary to incorporate a gazetteer (and all the inherent problems of location name changes over time!!) regards, Roger. Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX wrote: > "...... i too find communication value > in having some kind of name to use in referencing visibly different > organisms present in differing ecosystems/geographic areas, regardless of > how they might fit into varying taxonomic concepts and rule sets." > ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. > Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment > 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 > Phone 250-365-8610 > Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca > http://www.env.gov.bc.ca -- Roger C. KENDRICK Demonstrator / Ph.D. Student Dept. of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong mailto:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk mailing address: Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Lam Kam Road, Shek Kong, Yuen Long, New Territories, HONG KONG Hong Kong Moths website coordinator http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/hkmoth.htm HK Lepidoptera Group webmaster (English version) http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/ From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Fri Mar 26 04:59:08 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 05:59:08 -0400 Subject: Specimens, subspecies, and GPS In-Reply-To: "Roger C. KENDRICK" "Re: subspecies, another 'spin'" (Mar 26, 6:02pm) References: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F65@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> <36FB5B37.4EE8E276@hkusua.hku.hk> Message-ID: <990326055912.ZM13590@Gochfeld> Maybe universal GPS will come along and solve this problem. I don't know the current status, but there has been talk of putting GPS into portable phones so that emergency responders will know where to go when they go 911 calls. Maybe we'll soon have GPS wrist watches, so we'll always know exactly where we are (or for sci fi buffs, where someone else will always know where we are). Then every type specimen would have its GPS coordinates, and as more observations accrue, its range would self-map thru the use of coordinates. On a separate note, I think it was George Gaylord Simpson who showed a graph illustrating two closely related mammalian paleospecies in the fossil record, showing how one disappeared and the next appeared, and the break seemed to come at a point in time when there were no fossils of either. In order for subspecies to arise there usually has to be some interuption of gene flow (for example islands are often adequate barriers for non-mobile species). I presume that is why in widespread bird species we are more likely to find acceptable subspecies in the western US with its extensive montane/valley topography, rather than in the more homogeneous eastern US where clines are more frequent. M. Gochfeld From robert at csa.com Fri Mar 26 08:18:14 1999 From: robert at csa.com (Robert (Rob) Hilton) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:18:14 -0500 Subject: my first butterfly of spring Message-ID: <3.0.32.19990326081812.006aac4c@csa.com> Hello folks, I just resubscribed for the spring season....so I have no idea what has been said recently. Yesterday afternoon a Mourning Cloak flew by about 8 feet above the sidewalk in urban Arlington, Virginia. Rob Rob (Robert) Hilton--robert at csa.com--Bethesda, Md. (very close to Washington, DC) "The sow has just landscaped your garden once more" -- Tatarcheff/McGarrigle From MYTZ14A at prodigy.com Fri Mar 26 08:42:10 1999 From: MYTZ14A at prodigy.com (Sunsol Daniels) Date: 26 Mar 1999 13:42:10 GMT Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies Message-ID: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com> I just read a long post of larval diseases. What about the diseases of adults? I have read elsewhere that the release of imported butterflies (at weddings for instance) should be discouraged because they may spread disease to local populations. What diseases are these? How bad can they be if the adult is flying around? Would they transmit the disease to other adults, larvae or eggs? What would be the consequences of such a release? Sally From habitatdesigns at hotmail.com Fri Mar 26 12:27:51 1999 From: habitatdesigns at hotmail.com (Paulette Haywood) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 09:27:51 PST Subject: Where's Frank Elia? Message-ID: <19990326172751.22387.qmail@hotmail.com> Does anyone know how to get in touch with Frank Elia? He was formerly with the Day Butterfly Hosue at Callaway Gardens in Georgia and then with a house in St. Louis. I am planning a visit to Callaway next week and would like to talk to him about locations of certain butterfly species within the Gardens. Thanks! Paulette Haywood 4407 Briar Glen Circle Birmingham, AL 35243 habitatdesigns at hotmail.com Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From ianadunn at globalnet.co.uk Fri Mar 26 03:36:17 1999 From: ianadunn at globalnet.co.uk (Dr Ian Dunn) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 08:36:17 +0000 Subject: A small black moth ? UK Message-ID: Hi Stuck my head out of the back door this am , into the sunshine , very close to the conurbation of Nottingham to find something small and black on my wall at about 1.5m basking in the sun . I've not seen this before . There is a garden which usually seems insect friendly , a hedge row and fields the otherside of the A 52 .There are ponds too . It's 1cm long , overall black but with a yellow V on its back and the impression of being dusted with pollen ( perhaps it has been ! ) The legs seem to be black and white , reminded me of a zebra spider ( only 6 though ! ) . At first I thought it might have been a beetle but a hand lens leads me to believe it is a moth . Does this description remind any one of anything ? Ian -- Dr Ian Dunn mailto ianadunn at globalnet.co.uk Monsanto Monopoly Monoculture Mayhem Megamess I'm saying NO NO thankyou From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Fri Mar 26 15:47:21 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 04:47:21 +0800 Subject: A small black moth ? UK References: Message-ID: <36FBF259.7CF6EA35@hkusua.hku.hk> Hi Ian, If you have any birch trees nearby, I'd be tempted to say you have seen one of the several species of Eriocrania moths that occur in spring sunshine. They're all pretty small, about a 10mm wingspan when set. At rest, they hold their wings very steeply tented (tectiform). Under a handlens, the basic ground colour is usually a metallic dark purple, with a spattering of yellow or golden scales. The species are quite difficult to tell apart. There are several books to view, Chinery's Insects of Britian and Western Europe illustrates one species in its natural resting posture and the Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland gives much greater detail about all the species that occur in Britain, but the illustrations in the volume (either 1 or 2) are rather poor and don't do the colours justice. E. sparmanella (which occurs in Britain) is illustrated at http://mpi-seewiesen.mpg.de/~kaisslin/pheronet/ins/eriocsparr.html Hope this helps, Roger. Dr Ian Dunn wrote: > Hi > > Stuck my head out of the back door this am , into the sunshine , very close > to the conurbation of Nottingham to find something small and black on my wall > at about 1.5m basking in the sun . I've not seen this before . There is a > garden which usually seems insect friendly , a hedge row and fields the > otherside of the A 52 .There are ponds too . > > It's 1cm long , overall black but with a yellow V on its back and the > impression of being dusted with pollen ( perhaps it has been ! ) The legs > seem to be black and white , reminded me of a zebra spider ( only 6 > though ! ) . At first I thought it might have been a beetle but a hand lens > leads me to believe it is a moth . > > Does this description remind any one of anything ? > > Ian > > -- > Dr Ian Dunn mailto ianadunn at globalnet.co.uk > Monsanto Monopoly Monoculture Mayhem Megamess > I'm saying > NO NO thankyou -- Roger C. KENDRICK Demonstrator / Ph.D. Student Dept. of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong mailto:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk mailing address: Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Lam Kam Road, Shek Kong, Yuen Long, New Territories, HONG KONG Hong Kong Moths website coordinator http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/hkmoth.htm HK Lepidoptera Group webmaster (English version) http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/ From Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk Fri Mar 26 14:12:22 1999 From: Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk (Ian Thirlwell) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 20:12:22 +0100 Subject: Osmeteria through history... References: Message-ID: <7dgpmu$qf$1@news5.svr.pol.co.uk> Is it possible there was some confusion with osmium/osmate? Or is it simply a case of misspelling that got perpetuated - this has happened quite frequently eg with lep scientific names. Ian Thirlwell Hampshire UK ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk Kenelm Philip wrote in message ... > > Ian Thirlwell is, of course, correct: 'osme' is Greek. And >'osmeterium' rather than 'osmaterium' would be the correct version. >I still wonder why the older works used 'osmaterium'. Surely it's not >because they were ignorant of Greek? > > Ken Philip >fnkwp at uaf.edu > From Guy_VdP at t-online.de Fri Mar 26 16:16:53 1999 From: Guy_VdP at t-online.de (Guy Van de Poel) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 22:16:53 +0100 Subject: Osmeteria through history... Message-ID: <017601be77d0$ff2e9b60$b7779fc1@server> I'll throw in my (Belgian) 'frankske' too, > Ian Thirlwell is, of course, correct: 'osme' is Greek. And >'osmeterium' rather than 'osmaterium' would be the correct version. >I still wonder why the older works used 'osmaterium'. Surely it's not >because they were ignorant of Greek? Osmaterium is Latin because it has a Latin ending (in Greek it would be ...terion). So probably when latinising a word, you have to latinise all the parts of it, so osme (which is feminine) would get the feminine Latin -a ending, making the whole: osmaterium. For what it's worth. Guy. Guy Van de Poel Guy_VdP at t-online.de Royal Entomological Society of Antwerp http://www.freeyellow.com/members/fransjanssens/index.html From Guy_VdP at t-online.de Fri Mar 26 16:37:53 1999 From: Guy_VdP at t-online.de (Guy Van de Poel) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 22:37:53 +0100 Subject: Subspecies Message-ID: <017701be77d0$ffe73d00$b7779fc1@server> >(snip). Latinizing the locality >name would defeat the purpose--which is to make the location of the popu- >lation instantly accessible to everyone. Latin was used as the standard language because it was the only language many scientists had in common. Standards are good, if the circonstances in which they are employed do not change. But in the mean time, English has become the most used language in science (internationally I mean), but only in writing. English itself is splitting up into several dialects, and I've worked with Brits, which, especially in the North, speak something that you can hear is related to English, but is completely incomprehensible. Others, like Norbert Kondla, try to evolutionise the written language (or did your caps key disappear ;-), so this will not be a standard for much longer either. So, if you would all learn Flemish, I wouldn't have that much difficulties any more ... Guy. Guy Van de Poel Guy_VdP at t-online.de Royal Entomological Society of Antwerp http://www.freeyellow.com/members/fransjanssens/index.html From rkuhlman at hotmail.com Fri Mar 26 16:59:37 1999 From: rkuhlman at hotmail.com (Roger Kuhlman) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 13:59:37 PST Subject: What is the status of Zebra Swallowtail in Michigan Message-ID: <19990326215942.9070.qmail@hotmail.com> I wonder if anyone knows the current status of Zebra Swallowtail (Eurytides marcellus) populations in SE or southern Michigan. I have heard of historic records of the butterfly in Washtenaw, Monroe, and Lenawee counties within the last 15 to 30 years. I wonder if there are any confirmed recent sightings in the last five years for these same counties. Zebra Swallowtails, I believe, can be found regularly in low numbers in some SW Michigan counties. If anyone has information about the species' population trends, I would be interested in hearing about it. Roger Kuhlman Ann Arbor, Michigan 3-26-99 Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Fri Mar 26 17:12:17 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 14:12:17 -0800 Subject: FW: Subspecies Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F74@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> well ok then, in good humour i sheepishly (or is it Flemishly ?) confess to having a very lazy shift key finger when rattling off a note with this wonderful technology - or i could just plead creeping senility ? > ---------- > From: Guy_VdP at t-online.de[SMTP:Guy_VdP at t-online.de] > Reply To: Guy_VdP at t-online.de > Sent: Friday, March 26, 1999 1:37 PM > To: LEPS-L Discussiegroep > Subject: Re: Subspecies > > >(snip). Latinizing the locality > >name would defeat the purpose--which is to make the location of the popu- > >lation instantly accessible to everyone. > > > Latin was used as the standard language because it was the only language > many scientists had in common. Standards are good, if the circonstances in > which they are employed do not change. But in the mean time, English has > become the most used language in science (internationally I mean), but > only > in writing. English itself is splitting up into several dialects, and I've > worked with Brits, which, especially in the North, speak something that > you > can hear is related to English, but is completely incomprehensible. > Others, > like Norbert Kondla, try to evolutionise the written language (or did your > caps key disappear ;-), so this will not be a standard for much longer > either. > So, if you would all learn Flemish, I wouldn't have that much difficulties > any more ... > > Guy. > > Guy Van de Poel > Guy_VdP at t-online.de > > Royal Entomological Society of Antwerp > http://www.freeyellow.com/members/fransjanssens/index.html > > From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Fri Mar 26 16:16:54 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 13:16:54 -0800 (PST) Subject: Specimens, subspecies, and GPS References: <990326055912.ZM13590@Gochfeld> Message-ID: <21389-36FBF946-5@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net> A GPS location for ssp name would require a reference to find the location, (but I admit that I use a map to find other locations so there'e not much difference). Otherwise my only objection is that it sounds so non-visual, and would become difficult to distinguish from any other location/name. I vote no on GPS and yes for place names. Where do I send my ballot? Bill (alias Esther) PS: it's her website.(jeez!) From TPittaway at aol.com Fri Mar 26 18:07:24 1999 From: TPittaway at aol.com (TPittaway at aol.com) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 18:07:24 EST Subject: Live centipede Message-ID: <876c8c85.36fc132c@aol.com> A contact wishes to get his hands on a live giant centipede for filming purposes and will beg, borrow or buy. UK supplier preferred. ************************************************* Tony Pittaway 3 Wormald Road Wallingford Oxfordshire, OX10 9BD England, UK Tel (Home): +44 (0)1491 826491 Tel (Office): +44 (0)1491 829488 (direct) Tel (Office): +44 (0)1491 832111 (switchboard) FAX: (Home): +44 (0)1491 826319 FAX (Office): +44 (0)1491 829465 e-mail (Home): tpittaway at aol.com e-mail (Office): t.pittaway at cabi.org website 1: http://members.aol.com/tpittaway/sphingid/list.htm website 2: http://members.aol.com/yunnan/aglia/satlist.htm ************************************************* From timbukt2 at excite.com Fri Mar 26 18:22:53 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 15:22:53 PST Subject: Eurytides marcellus Message-ID: <922490573.17706.391@excite.com> See the Benton Harbor area and Paw Paw, Michigan. There should be quite a good population of E. marcellus around Paw Paw Lake and the river that feeds it. This is close to the extreme northern limits for Asimina triloba. Having lived in Monroe county (60's through 80's) neither the Pawpaw nor E. marcellus was ever common to me, considering, though, that nearby was a dump, and an area considered to be the most toxic location in the state. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From aripley at nestbox.com Fri Mar 26 16:35:53 1999 From: aripley at nestbox.com (Arlene Ripley) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 16:35:53 -0500 Subject: my first butterfly of spring References: <3.0.32.19990326081812.006aac4c@csa.com> Message-ID: <36FBFDB9.174E7B50@nestbox.com> Rob, On March 16, I had my first butterflies of the season here in Calvert Co., MD -- two Mourning Cloaks and an anglewing. Today I had my first sulphur. A friend has already reported seeing a Zebra Swallowtail on the 23rd. I wonder when my overwintering spicebush swallowtail will emerge? ///////// Arlene Ripley | || Calvert County, MD | 0 || aripley at nestbox.com | || http://www.nestbox.com || Robert Hilton , Rob wrote: > Yesterday afternoon a Mourning Cloak flew by about 8 feet above the > sidewalk in urban Arlington, Virginia. From doug at basiclink.com Fri Mar 26 23:16:23 1999 From: doug at basiclink.com (Douglas Aguillard) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 04:16:23 GMT Subject: New Listserv is operational Message-ID: <36fb1a77.50922372@news> SoWestLep is now operational. SoWest Lep covers the region(s) of Southern California, Southern Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico U.S.A., and Baja California, & Sonora, Mexico. To subscribe go to www.onelist.com/subscribe/SoWestLep Have fun! Douglas Aguillard Listowner San Diego, CA. doug at basiclink.com From wthark at aol.com Sat Mar 27 01:17:54 1999 From: wthark at aol.com (Wthark) Date: 27 Mar 1999 06:17:54 GMT Subject: Virginia References: <19990323223619.01093.00000752@ng-fx1.aol.com> Message-ID: <19990327011754.03166.00000553@ng17.aol.com> I live in Richmond and there are some nice areas close to the City. Belle Island Park in the middle of the James has large amounts of Falcate Orange Tips and Zebra Swallowtails in April. It is within walking distance from downtown. Also, Great Ship Lock Park has a large colony of Silvery Checkerspots. James River Park has many species through out the year and a small nature center. Bill Hark Bill's photo Page http://www.geocities.com/~billhark From timbukt2 at excite.com Sat Mar 27 01:53:21 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 22:53:21 PST Subject: Speyeria diana for Robert Thorn Message-ID: <922517601.773.199@excite.com> Clark states in his "Butterflies of Virginia," that the fate of Pieris virgininesis was similar to S. diana, and was "undoubtedly" due to deforestation. There is also the theory that deforestation itself gives rise to disease, that it is related to the emergence of new strains (or not before discovered strains) of pathogens. Maybe someday we will have a clearer image of events. I believe that yes, we can wait for diana to re-appear, yet only because we are not waiting to educate people. If I can step into, at random, a situation whereby I witness a 36-year-old putting some money down on a ten-acre parcel of land, then proceed to destroy the future integrity of his natural spring and naturally-occuring ginseng beds by bringing in a small land-clearing bulldozer 100 feet above the creek, crowning the project with the statement that to help pay the land payments he will graze cattle on the spot......then I shudder to think of what is going on collectively and unchecked, as the ignorant apply themselves to the "frontier." _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From gganweiler at sprint.ca Sat Mar 27 01:38:46 1999 From: gganweiler at sprint.ca (Gary Anweiler) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 06:38:46 GMT Subject: first leps of te season Message-ID: <01be781c$bf7229a0$cfc494d1@default> I fired up my trap last week. On 25/03 - 2 Xylena curvimacula and one X. nupera - seasons first !!. Early for our latitude (53 50 N) and not every year we start in Marc. -- Gary Anweiler, Edmonton Alberta From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Fri Mar 26 05:17:09 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 02:17:09 -0800 Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com> Message-ID: <36FB5EA5.12EC@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Also consider consequences to local flora if the released species' larvae just _happened_ to find it tasty, if there was no predation to hold in check. Importation and release of ANY non-native should be strictly prohibited. Sunsol Daniels wrote: > > I just read a long post of larval diseases. What about the diseases of > adults? I have read elsewhere that the release of imported butterflies > (at weddings for instance) should be discouraged because they may spread > disease to local populations. What diseases are these? How bad can they > be if the adult is flying around? Would they transmit the disease to > other adults, larvae or eggs? What would be the consequences of such a > release? > > Sally -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Fri Mar 26 05:11:55 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 1999 02:11:55 -0800 Subject: Zebra Swallowtail Status? References: <36F9F793.2427@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com>, <36FB569E.3A34@epix.net> Message-ID: <36FB5D6B.1F42@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Rick Mikula wrote: > > Rev Chuck wrote: > > > > Population status for zebra swallowtail in Maryland? _Extremely_ > > stunning creature; I recall seeing two or three in Havre de Grace, > > MD, back around 1973. > > They are usually in good numbers in Elk Necks State Park and best near > Turkey Point. Because of the Pawpaw stiuation along the bay they can still > be found easily. It does seem that populations are far better near Washington > DC. I did receive a call from one concern that wanted to thin the population > out. Lets review. Too many butterflies, isn't that like winning the lottery > and saying that the money is too green?!?!?!? > > Rick Mikula This species is the only native that can put the tiger swallowtail to shame. And they have too _many_? They should be using the creatures to attract tourists. Would it be wise to expand their breeding range beyond the wetlands, assuming pawpaw can be made to grow elsewhere? -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From butrfly at epix.net Sat Mar 27 09:16:19 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 06:16:19 -0800 Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com> <36FB5EA5.12EC@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Message-ID: <36FCE833.656C@epix.net> Rev Chuck wrote: > > Also consider consequences to local flora if the released species' > larvae just _happened_ to find it tasty, if there was no predation > to hold in check. Importation and release of ANY non-native should > be strictly prohibited. > A fine example of this is Hawaii. To curb the spread of lantana, The greater and lesser Lantana butterflies were imported. The leps found garden vegetables more to their liking than the target plant. There is still a lot of Lantana, plenty of lantana butterflies, and plenty of havoc in gardens. Rick Mikula From venters at iinteralpha.co.uk Sat Mar 27 08:00:13 1999 From: venters at iinteralpha.co.uk (Nigel) Date: 27 Mar 99 13:00:13 GMT Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com>, <36FB5EA5.12EC@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com>, <36FCE833.656C@epix.net> Message-ID: <01be7718$ba34de60$29e11ac3@e5q5n1> I don't like to be a spoil-sport but are those garden vegs in Hawaii native or imported? It's easy to try and play God and determine what should and shouldn't be where, but the bottom line is that natural selection will have it's own way in the end............. it always does. Nigel Venters Rick Mikula wrote in article <36FCE833.656C at epix.net>... > Rev Chuck wrote: > > > > Also consider consequences to local flora if the released species' > > larvae just _happened_ to find it tasty, if there was no predation > > to hold in check. Importation and release of ANY non-native should > > be strictly prohibited. > > > > A fine example of this is Hawaii. To curb the spread of lantana, > The greater and lesser Lantana butterflies were imported. The leps found > garden vegetables more to their liking than the target plant. There is > still a lot of Lantana, plenty of lantana butterflies, and plenty of havoc > in gardens. > > Rick Mikula > > From MYTZ14A at prodigy.com Sat Mar 27 08:44:23 1999 From: MYTZ14A at prodigy.com (Sunsol Daniels) Date: 27 Mar 1999 13:44:23 GMT Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com> Message-ID: <7dinbn$abq6$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com> Hey, out there!!!! Does anyone have anything to say about diseases in adult butterflies? Sally From butrfly at epix.net Sat Mar 27 12:55:13 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 09:55:13 -0800 Subject: How true References: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com>, <36FB5EA5.12EC@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com>, <36FCE833.656C@epix.net> <01be7718$ba34de60$29e11ac3@e5q5n1> Message-ID: <36FD1B81.2041@epix.net> Nigel wrote: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > > I don't like to be a spoil-sport but are those garden vegs in Hawaii native > or imported? It's easy to try and play God and determine what should and > shouldn't be where, but the bottom line is that natural selection will have > it's own way in the end............. it always does. > Nigel Venters Hi Nigel How could you ever be a spoiled sport???? But you did bring up a very important point concerning the veggies. The Islands only had 2 indigenous species of butterflies. Now to find plant species that has not been introduced,that may be the real challenge. Good point. Respectfully Rick Mikula From litjens at ibm.net Sat Mar 27 11:17:57 1999 From: litjens at ibm.net (mark.litjens) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 16:17:57 -0000 Subject: UK butterflies 27/3/99 Message-ID: <36fd04d8@news.uk.ibm.net> Hi, I visited Bentley Wood today (on Hampshire/Wiltshire border) as the weather was mainly sunny and warmish (11-13c). Once the air temperature warmed up around midday there were plenty of Brimstones flying, 30 in all. Also 8 Comma and 5 Peacock. Mark Litjens e-mail: litjens at ibm.net From Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net Sat Mar 27 11:32:52 1999 From: Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net (Barrie Harwood) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 16:32:52 -0000 Subject: B. walllichi livestock Message-ID: <7dj13a$1fq$1@barcode.tesco.net> Hi all Does anybody out there know of a source of livestock of B. wallichi? I have tried all my usual contacts but to no avail. Thanks in advance Barrie ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------- Barrie Harwood White Lodge Charlton Musgrove Wincanton Somerset. BA9 8EZ United Kingdom From gnielsen at andinet.com Sat Mar 27 12:18:29 1999 From: gnielsen at andinet.com (Gregory Nielsen) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 12:18:29 -0500 Subject: Lantana Butterflies Message-ID: <003101be7875$d8f20900$8881ddd0@gregory.andinet.com> Rick, What specie is the Lantana Butterfly and it?s native range. Thanks, Greg Nielsen -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990327/27ed4dac/attachment.html From alan5319 at aol.com Sat Mar 27 14:47:19 1999 From: alan5319 at aol.com (Alan5319) Date: 27 Mar 1999 19:47:19 GMT Subject: A small black moth ? UK References: Message-ID: <19990327144719.13535.00001166@ng28.aol.com> It may be D. fagella Kloet & hinks 663. This can be a very variable moth that does appear at this time of the year. From timbukt2 at excite.com Sat Mar 27 15:16:50 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 12:16:50 PST Subject: Monstrosity Message-ID: <922565810.14870.424@excite.com> On Sat, 27 Mar 1999 09:32:39 EST, MATZER2 at aol.com wrote: From: MATZER2 at aol.com wrote: "Even though we do our best to protect what WE love/enjoy the most...Mother Nature still rules. Don't you think?" No, Mother Nature is on the run. Natural selection cannot unfold when there is no habitat stable enough for it to do so. Some scientists agree that saving the rain forests are doomed to failure and suggest that we concentrate only on those still very intact. Plenty of material for speculation here. Europe's trees are dying as a direct result of air pollution. Along with them is the loss of mycorrhizal fungi that help support the trees. The loss of fungal species is increasing at an alarming rate, and exports of edible fungi to western Europe from a few baltic countries are now out of control. The citizens of Seattle voted down the proposed Light Rail Sysytem. They are going to keep their cars regardless of the cost. And the cost is crumbling streets that cannot withstand the time it takes to fix them, because the New York City of the Northwest Coast has to get on with its Pacific Rim Economy. The U.S. Interstate System is the largest monument ever built to late capitalism. This monument and its use is the leading cause of environmental degredation, unless the challenger be a collective apathy fueled by greed, pride and the ever-popular exploitive ego. This relentless machine is not offering solutions to the problem it is leaving behind: "Do the work, however haphazardly, get your money, and go to the next place," seems the scenario. When was the last time anyone reading this seriously considered some of the devastating parameters of fossil fuel use? What does it do to the human mind? "To wean our nascent planet from fossil fuel will require an understanding of what it is for biology to assimilate starlight directly." (Dan Winter). For lamentations, read Oliver Goldsmith, "The Deserted Village." _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Sat Mar 27 14:03:36 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 14:03:36 -0500 Subject: Papilio glaucus Message-ID: <36FD2B88.7E7F@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Does anyone know what the half-dark half-yellow forms of P. glaucus are called? They aren't that common, but do exist, and are somewhere in between the yellow and melanoid forms. Xi Wang From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Sat Mar 27 14:08:57 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 14:08:57 -0500 Subject: Pearly Cresentspot Message-ID: <36FD2CC9.768E@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, I recently saw an entry in my 1996 Audubon Field Guide on Phyciodes tharos which said that the 2 form of this butterfliy are actually 2 distinct species. It said that they differ in size, colouring, and chromosomal characteristics and that the two types do not interbreed where their ranges overlap. I was just wondering if this had indeed been confirmed by further research and if the 2 forms have been given separate species names. Xi Wang From paulcher at concentric.net Sat Mar 27 10:50:51 1999 From: paulcher at concentric.net (Paul Cherubini) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 15:50:51 +0000 Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <7dg2ri$11v0$1@newssvr03-int.news.prodigy.com>, <36FB5EA5.12EC@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com>, <36FCE833.656C@epix.net> <01be7718$ba34de60$29e11ac3@e5q5n1> Message-ID: <36FCFE5B.6AB9@concentric.net> Nigel wrote: > > I don't like to be a spoil-sport but are those garden vegs in Hawaii native > or imported? It's easy to try and play God and determine what should and > shouldn't be where, but the bottom line is that natural selection will have > it's own way in the end............. it always does. Good point Nigel. Another thought: Are the bees that pollinate some of the garden veggies (e.g.tomatoes) in Hawaii native or imported? Here in California, many of our famous crops (apples, almonds, prunes, peaches, pears, apricots, tomatoes, strawberries, etc) are not native and virtually 100% dependent on the imported european honey bee for pollination. Paul Cherubini, El Dorado, California From be496 at lafn.org Sat Mar 27 12:07:40 1999 From: be496 at lafn.org (wanda) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 17:07:40 +0000 Subject: Pearly Cresentspot Message-ID: <36FD105C.9E7BC0A8@lafn.org> gwang wrote: Hi, I recently saw an entry in my 1996 Audubon Field Guide on Phyciodes tharos which said that the 2 form of this butterfliy are actually 2 distinct species. It said that they differ in size, colouring, and chromosomal characteristics and that the two types do not interbreed where their ranges overlap. I was just wondering if this had indeed been confirmed by further research and if the 2 forms have been given separate species names. Xi Wang Yes, these butterflies have been recognized as two species for several years!!! We really need to urge Chanticleer Press to allow Bob Pyle to update his book to the standardized names instead of propagating considerable misinformation in their ongoing reprints! Phyciodes tharos (type A) is Pearl Crescent. P. tharos (type B) or sometimes P. pascoensis is now P. selenis--Northern Crescent. Ref. standard name list: http://www.napa.org/pubs/enames.html For distribution of these species, reference Ray Stanford & Paul Opler's, "Atlas of Western USA Butterflies" p. 210-211 or their info on: http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/lepid/bflyusa/bflyusa.htm Couldn't find their email address so stuff this in an evelope to: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Chanticleer Press, 201 E. 50th St., New York, NY 10022-7703 Cheers, Wanda Dameron Flutterby Press Los Angeles, Calif. be496 at lafn.org From JayAndEstherC at webtv.net Tue Mar 23 14:03:21 1999 From: JayAndEstherC at webtv.net (Esther Cornelius) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1999 11:03:21 -0800 (PST) Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium References: Message-ID: <1088-36F7E579-39@newsd-171.iap.bryant.webtv.net> John: I agree that there are many mechanisms for genetic difference. 'natural variation' is an easily recognisable term, but given the statistical odds of any one of them becoming dominant through random selection, something has to be working in their favor. Bill From MMintz4912 at aol.com Sat Mar 27 21:59:57 1999 From: MMintz4912 at aol.com (MMintz4912 at aol.com) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 21:59:57 EST Subject: Butterflies in New York Message-ID: I was recently contacted by a reporter from the NY Post who asked me if there was a butterfly community in New York. I told her I didn't know of anyone other than myself who raised butterflies in New York City. While I am aware that there is a New York chapter of NABA, I do not know of any other butterfly community in the area. Does anyone know of anything else I might not know about? Thanks! Michael (feel free to E-mail me directly at MMINTZ4912 at aol.com) -Michael From mhs2 at ix.netcom.com Sat Mar 27 22:54:15 1999 From: mhs2 at ix.netcom.com (Mary H. Shepherd) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 19:54:15 -0800 Subject: First Red Admiral Message-ID: <36FDA7E7.EA611826@ix.netcom.com> I saw my first Red Admiral of the year, in my front yard about 11 a.m.. Very fresh individual. Mary Shepherd Glendale, CA From jangle at vt.edu Sat Mar 27 23:36:42 1999 From: jangle at vt.edu (Jo) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 23:36:42 -0500 Subject: First yard butterfly Message-ID: I watched a lone Cabbage feeding on some ground-hugging dandelion in my yard. I believe it was a male (one forewing spot) and other markings were weak. Forgive me, but I must mention the water strider I also stalked, and was kept entertained by its struggle to resist the water flow and its one successful prey capture among many attempts. Mourning Cloak have been spotted in the county, but not by me !:( Does anyone know where Thomas Emmel is these days? Jo From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Sun Mar 28 00:03:05 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 1999 20:03:05 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Butterflies in New York Message-ID: Of the 83 Lepidopterists' Society members in New York state, 11 live in New York City. That should qualify as some kind of 'butterfly community'... Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From timbukt2 at excite.com Sun Mar 28 05:25:41 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 02:25:41 PST Subject: Voices from the T'ang Message-ID: <922616741.29826.506@excite.com> Of One In The Forbidden City When the moonlight reaching a tree by the gate, Shows her a quiet bird on its nest, She removes her jade hairpins and sits in the shadow And puts out a flame where a moth was flying. Zhang Hu From An Upper Story The Silken river, bright with spring floats between earth and heaven Like a line of cloud by the jade Peak, between ancient days and now. ....Though that State is established for a while as firm as the North Star And bandits dare not venture from the western hills, Yet sorry in the twilight for the woes of a long-vanished Emperor, I am singing the song his Premier sang when still unestranged from the mountain. Du Fu In Her Quiet Window Too young to have learned what sorrow means, Attired for spring, she climbs to her high chamber.... The new green of the street-willows is wounding her heart- Just for a title she sent him to war. Wang Changling The Eight-Sided Fortress The Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by his greatness. The Eight-Sided Fortress is founded on his fame; Beside the changing river, it stands stony as his grief That he never conquered the Kingdom of Wu. Du Fu Passing Through Huaiyin Lords of the capital, sharp, unearthly, The Great Flower's three points pierce through heaven. Clouds are parting above the Temple of the Warring Emperor, Rain dries on the mountain, on the Giant's Palm. Ranges and rivers are the strength of this western gate, Whence roads and trails lead downward into China. ....O pilgrim of fame, O seeker of profit, Why not remain here and lengthen your days? Cui Hao A Poor Girl Living under a thatch roof, never waering fragrant silk, She longs to arrange a marriage, but how can she dare? Who would know her simple face the lovliest of them all When we choose for worldliness, not for worth? Her fingers embroider beyond compare, But she cannot vie with painted brows; And year after year she has sewn gold thread On bridal robes for other girls. Qin Taoyu A Mooring On The Qin Huai River Mist veils the cold stream, and moonlight, the sand, As I moor in the shadow of a river-tavern, Where girls, with no thought of a perished kingdom, Gaily echo A Song Of Courtyard Flowers. Tu Mu There Is Only One There is only one Carved-Cloud, exquisite always, Yet she dreads the spring, blowing cold in the palace, When her husband, a knight of the Golden Tortoise, Will leave her sweet bed, to be early at court. Li Shangyin A Song Of The Southern River Since I married the merchant of Qutang He has failed each day to keep his word.... Had I thought how regular the tide is, I might rather have chosen a river-boy. Li Yi To One Un-Named Will your shy face peer round a moon-shaped fan, And your voice be heard hushing the rattle of my carriage? Li Shangyin _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From 1_iron at email.msn.com Sun Mar 28 06:19:47 1999 From: 1_iron at email.msn.com (Jim Taylor) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 06:19:47 -0500 Subject: Voices from the T'ang References: <922616741.29826.506@excite.com> Message-ID: <002e01be790c$e4b099e0$84870a3f@kylepsoc> Charles: Are you sure you're posting to the intended list? Jim Taylor ----- Original Message ----- From: Charles Gavette To: Sent: Sunday, March 28, 1999 5:25 AM Subject: Voices from the T'ang > > > Of One In The Forbidden City > > When the moonlight reaching a tree by the gate, > Shows her a quiet bird on its nest, > She removes her jade hairpins and sits in the shadow > And puts out a flame where a moth was flying. > Zhang Hu > > From An Upper Story > > The Silken river, bright with spring floats between earth and heaven > Like a line of cloud by the jade Peak, between ancient days and now. > ....Though that State is established for a while as firm as the North Star > And bandits dare not venture from the western hills, > Yet sorry in the twilight for the woes of a long-vanished Emperor, > I am singing the song his Premier sang when still unestranged from the > mountain. > Du Fu > > In Her Quiet Window > > > Too young to have learned what sorrow means, > Attired for spring, she climbs to her high chamber.... > The new green of the street-willows is wounding her heart- > Just for a title she sent him to war. > Wang Changling > > The Eight-Sided Fortress > > The Three Kingdoms, divided, have been bound by his greatness. > The Eight-Sided Fortress is founded on his fame; > Beside the changing river, it stands stony as his grief > That he never conquered the Kingdom of Wu. > Du Fu > > Passing Through Huaiyin > > Lords of the capital, sharp, unearthly, > The Great Flower's three points pierce through heaven. > Clouds are parting above the Temple of the Warring Emperor, > Rain dries on the mountain, on the Giant's Palm. > Ranges and rivers are the strength of this western gate, > Whence roads and trails lead downward into China. > ....O pilgrim of fame, O seeker of profit, > Why not remain here and lengthen your days? > Cui Hao > > A Poor Girl > > Living under a thatch roof, never waering fragrant silk, > She longs to arrange a marriage, but how can she dare? > Who would know her simple face the lovliest of them all > When we choose for worldliness, not for worth? > Her fingers embroider beyond compare, > But she cannot vie with painted brows; > And year after year she has sewn gold thread > On bridal robes for other girls. > Qin Taoyu > > A Mooring On The Qin Huai River > > Mist veils the cold stream, and moonlight, the sand, > As I moor in the shadow of a river-tavern, > Where girls, with no thought of a perished kingdom, > Gaily echo A Song Of Courtyard Flowers. > Tu Mu > > There Is Only One > > There is only one Carved-Cloud, exquisite always, > Yet she dreads the spring, blowing cold in the palace, > When her husband, a knight of the Golden Tortoise, > Will leave her sweet bed, to be early at court. > Li Shangyin > > A Song Of The Southern River > > Since I married the merchant of Qutang > He has failed each day to keep his word.... > Had I thought how regular the tide is, > I might rather have chosen a river-boy. > Li Yi > > To One Un-Named > > Will your shy face peer round a moon-shaped fan, > And your voice be heard hushing the rattle of my carriage? > Li Shangyin > > > > > > _______________________________________________________ > Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ > From venters at iinteralpha.co.uk Sun Mar 28 07:19:22 1999 From: venters at iinteralpha.co.uk (Nigel) Date: 28 Mar 99 12:19:22 GMT Subject: Voices from the T'ang References: <922616741.29826.506@excite.com> Message-ID: <01be7785$54f2b320$33e11ac3@e5q5n1> All very nice I'm sure.... but I did not join this group to get bombarded with this sort of crap! Try re-posting in WWW. poetrygetalife.com Nigel Venters From jmason at ink.org Sun Mar 28 11:21:13 1999 From: jmason at ink.org (Jim Mason) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 10:21:13 -0600 Subject: Melissa virus Message-ID: <199903281615.LAA17415@gr.its.yale.edu> Another one to watch out for. Leps-L members beware. Jim Mason jmason at ink.org -----Original Message----- From: Dave Rintoul Subject: ADMIN:W97M/Melissa virus >Below is an update from an anti-virus site regarding a new and very >rapidly-spreading virus. It comes in e-mailed Word97 documents, so, as >always, it is NOT a good idea to open an attached Word document (or >any document) that you get, especially if the attachment is not >expected, or even mentioned in the e-mail that it comes >with. Hopefully our listserv will escape this newest idiotic prank, >but we are all depending on your vigilance in order for that to >happen. > >There are undoubtedly other anti-virus software sites with patches or >fixes that allow you to detect and/or remove this virus. If you use an >anti-virus program, contact that company's web site to see what they >are doing to help you out. But the best way to stay clean is, as >mentioned above, never open an attached file that is not expected or >otherwise explained in the e-mail to which it is attached. > >Thanks > >Dave > >-- >Dave Rintoul, Ph.D. mailto:drintoul at ksu.edu >Biology Division - KSU ICBM: 39.18N, 96.34W >Manhattan KS 66506-4901 VOX: 785-532-6663 >http://www-personal.ksu.edu/~drintoul/ FAX: 785-532-6653 >--------- > >Espoo, Finland, March 27, 1999. - Data Fellows, one of the world's >leading developers of anti-virus and encryption software, is warning >computer users about a virulent and widespread computer virus found on >Friday, March 26, 1999. This virus has spread all over the globe >within just hours of initial discovery, apparently spreading faster >than any other virus before. The number of infected computers so far >is estimated at tens of thousands, and rising quickly. > >The virus, known as W97M/Melissa, spreads by e-mailing itself >automatically from one user to another. The virus activates by >modifying the user's documents, inserting comments from the TV >series "The Simpsons". Even worse, it can send out confidential >information from the computer without the user > >"We've never seen a virus spread so rapidly," comments Mikko Hypponen, >Data Fellows' Manager of Anti-Virus Research. "We've seen a handful of >viruses that distribute themselves automatically over e-mail, but not >one of them has been as successful as Melissa in the real world." > >W97M/Melissa was initially distributed in an Internet discussion group >called alt.sex. The virus was sent in a file called LIST.DOC, which >contained passwords for X-rated websites. When users downloaded the >file and opened it in Microsoft Word, a macro inside the document s >own documents. executed and e-mailed the LIST.DOC file to 50 people >listed in the e-mail alias file of the user. The e-mail looked as >follows: > > From: (name of infected user) > Subject: Important Message From (name of infected user) > To: (50 names from alias list) > > Here is that document you asked for ... don't show anyone else ;-) > > Attachment: LIST.DOC > >Most recipients are likely to open such a file, as it usually comes >from someone they know. > >After sending itself out, the virus continues to infect other Word >documents. Eventually, these files can end up being mailed to other >users as well. This can be potentially disastrous, as a user might >inadvertently send out confidential data to outsiders. > >The virus activates if it is executed when the minutes of the hour >match the day of the month - for example 18:27 on the 27th day of a >month. At this time the virus will insert the following phrase into the >current document which the user has open in Word: "Twenty-two >points, plus triple-word-score, plus fifty points for using all my letters. >Game's over. I'm outta here". This text, as well as the alias name of >the virus author, "Kwyjibo", are references to the popular "Simpsons" >cartoon TV series. > >"The virus won't spread much during this weekend. We will see the >real problem on Monday morning", continues Hypponen. "When a big >company gets infected, their e-mail servers are seriously slowed >down and might even crash, as people start to e-mail large document >attachments without realising it." > >W97M/Melissa works with Microsoft Word 97, Microsoft Word 2000 >and Microsoft Outlook e-mail client. It can infect both Windows and >Macintosh users. If the infected machine does not have Outlook or >Internet access at all, the virus will continue to spread locally within >the user's own documents. > >Data Fellows provides a free solution to the W97M/Melissa virus >problem. Evaluation copies of the F-Secure Anti-Virus toolkit as well >as an update to detect and disinfect the virus are available from the >company's website at http://www.DataFellows.com > >Data Fellows is one of the world's leading developers of data security >products. The company develops, markets and supports integrated >anti-virus, data security and cryptography software products for >corporate computer networks. It has corporate headquarters in San >Jose, California and Espoo, Finland, with additional offices as well as >partners, VARs and other distributors in over 80 countries around the >world. > >For more information, contact > >Data Fellows, 675 North First Street, 8th floor, >San Jose, CA 95112; >tel 408-938-6700; fax 408-938-6701 > >http://www.DataFellows.com or info at DataFellows.com. From nigel at leslie-south.freeserve.co.uk Sun Mar 28 15:10:53 1999 From: nigel at leslie-south.freeserve.co.uk (Annette Leslie-South) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 21:10:53 +0100 Subject: Selection of Livestock available now + Entomological Cabinet for sale References: <19990314083023.21297.qmail@nym.alias.net> Message-ID: <7dm2es$hd7$1@news4.svr.pol.co.uk> Here is a small selection of the Livestock we have available. If you require our Full Livestock List and further details, please send us your specific request. Our 1999 Catalogue is a little later this year and will be published during April. FOR SALE: Ova/Larvae: False Apollo (A. apollinus) Eggs ?2.00 Each (Min order 12 Eggs); Post hibernation Larvae Purple Emperor (Apatura iris) ?2.95 Each; Lesser Purple Emperor (A. ilia) Larvae ?3.50 Each; Japanese Purple Emperor (S. charonda) ?2.50 Each; Tawny Emperor 10 Larvae ?4.95; Monarch (D. plexippus) 10 Larvae ?4.95; Painted Lady (Vanessa cardiu) 10 Larvae ?4.50; Canary Speckled Wood (P. xiphiodes) 10 Larvae ?4.95; Bath White (Pontia daplidice) 10 Larvae ?4.50; Papilio polytes form romulus 12 Ova ?4.50 (India); 12 ova/10 Larvae Yellow Admiral (Vanessa itea) ?4.95; Rothschildia roxana (Honduraus) 12 Ova ?7.50; Rothschildia aurota 12 Ova ?4.95; 50 Larvae 3rd Instar Samia cynthia ricini (India) ?4.95, Fpl Privet; 20 Scarlet Window Larvae 3rd Instar (C. andrie & C. trifenestria) ?4.50 Fpl: Privet, Hawthorn, etc; Pupae: Goat Moth Pupae (C. cossus) ?2.95; Papilio orientalis ?3.50; Allancastria caucausica ?3.50; Scottish Speckled Wood ssp. oblita 90p; Wood White ab. brunneomaculata 90p; Green Striped White (Euchle belemia hesperidum) Rare ?7.50; Sericinus telamon amurensis ?3.50; Papilio alexanor ?7.50; Papilio maackii f. raddei ?4.50; Luedorfia japonica ?3.50; Atrophaneura alcinous confusus ?3.50. Fresh Live Adults: Heliconius cydno, Heliconius erato cerbus - all long lived ?3.95 Each (Minimum order 10) Antique Entomological Cabinet (Watkins & Doncaster) Empty 12 Drawers, in excellent condition. 1 panelled glass fronted door, locking. Drawers air-tight with panelled glass lids and have two knobs on each drawer for opening/gliding in and out. Drawers well lined. Attractive plynth base and top/surround. Overall height 35", width 21", depth 19". ?785 O.N.O. Livestock Postage and Packing 75p in the UK. Orders for abroad postage to be advised, urgent Livestock can be sent by "Swift Air" at a cost of ?4.50. Payment must be made with order, by English Cheques on English Banks made payable to "Nigel South" please, Credit and Debit Cards - Visa and Mastercard. International Money Order. Butterfly Connections, Breeding Centre, Silver Street, Misterton, Somerset TA18 8NH, England. Tel: 01460 73586. Fax: 01460 78444. E-Mail nigel at leslie-south.freeserve.co.uk From cbrdar at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca Sun Mar 28 17:14:28 1999 From: cbrdar at gpu.srv.ualberta.ca (C. Brdar) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 15:14:28 -0700 (MST) Subject: Voices from the T'ang In-Reply-To: <01be7785$54f2b320$33e11ac3@e5q5n1> Message-ID: The message from Nigel regarding the poetry recently posted to the list made me laugh. "Crap" differs in everyone's perspective, I guess. I get bombarded with "crap" every day: people making the most inane little comments on every single message posted on this list. Such is the nature of a list-server - open your mind a little, or at least skim the titles of your messages before you open them. Corina On 28 Mar 1999, Nigel wrote: > All very nice I'm sure.... but I did not join this group to get bombarded > with this sort of crap! > Try re-posting in WWW. poetrygetalife.com > Nigel Venters > > From timbukt2 at excite.com Sun Mar 28 18:47:21 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 15:47:21 PST Subject: Reply to replies on my post Message-ID: <922664841.18510.385@excite.com> When I first seen the topic Melissa Virus, I felt that perhaps we were continuing our discussion of lepidopteran diseases. Recently, only the polyhedrosis virus has been mentioned, but this is a step in a more interesting and specific direction to me, rather than what butterfly we saw today. My post of the T'ang poetry was correctly placed. It engendered a reaction from a fascist machine without vision. If not a violent swing towards the fascist pole(the glorification of the incest taboo), we are almost synchronously confronted with a paranoic machine(Melissa Virus). It's ok to be concerned, yet nothing of significance happened in the year 1000, except it be the prediction of the end of the world and the coming of god. Hopefully, others on this list may have enjoyed some images within these T'ang selections that carry a message. I keep forgetting I live in America, where art and aesthetics are shunned. What follows is another poem that I had thought I posted the first time. Synchronicity had singled it out to be our sermon for today. As someone remarked a few days ago about playing god with what should be here, what should be there: yes, I agree....to an extent: Orchid And Orange II Here, south of the Yangzi, grows a red orangetree. All winter long its leaves are green, Not because of a warmer soil, But because its nature is used to the cold. Though it might serve your honorable guests, You leave it here, far below mountain and river. Circumstance governs destiny. Cause and effect are an infinite cycle. You plant your peach-trees and your plums, You forget the shade of this other tree. Zhang Juiling In Sicily, part of its folk tradition is wearing just a few more clothes than necessary throughout the year. It was during the T'ang dynasty that conservation measures for the earth were developed almost into a religion. The sanctions at Mao Shan are an example. But that's enough, my altruism is wearing thin. I wish to thank everyone on this list for allowing me to excercise my curious affinity to a Hellenistic volunteerism. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From viceroy at gate.net Sun Mar 28 19:10:37 1999 From: viceroy at gate.net (Anne Kilmer) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 19:10:37 -0500 Subject: Voices from the T'ang References: <922616741.29826.506@excite.com> <01be7785$54f2b320$33e11ac3@e5q5n1> Message-ID: <36FEC4FD.389AE292@gate.net> Nigel wrote: > > All very nice I'm sure.... but I did not join this group to get bombarded > with this sort of crap! > Try re-posting in WWW. poetrygetalife.com > Nigel Venters I enjoyed it ... there was, after all, a moth in there ... and, here we are, the beginning of spring, close on Easter, Passover and Hajj, a full moon and April Fool's Day ... something there for everyone to celebrate whether with the sonorous verse or the wild butterfly dances. Anne Kilmer South Florida From Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca Sun Mar 28 22:41:31 1999 From: Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca (Jonathan Sylvestre) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 03:41:31 GMT Subject: my first butterfly of spring References: <3.0.32.19990326081812.006aac4c@csa.com> Message-ID: HI ! I observed my first butterflies Sunday 28 march. The temperature was 17 ?C. I saw 15-20 _Aglais milberti milberti_ but I just caught one because its very hard to run in 2 feet of snow..... IM from Quebec, in Canada, and its the first time I saw butterflies as soon as this years... I hope the rest of the spring will be as warm as today.... From sylnet at my-dejanews.com Sun Mar 28 23:26:18 1999 From: sylnet at my-dejanews.com (Syl Net) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 04:26:18 GMT Subject: Papilio machaon - osmetrium References: <36F55B43.E67D4799@shs-partner.de> Message-ID: <7dmvd3$a3h$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> Check at http://www.giga.com/~slizarra/agric for books about it. Good Luck! In article <36F55B43.E67D4799 at shs-partner.de>, dilling at shs-partner.de wrote: > Hello everybody! > > I have some questions about the P. machaon osmetrium: > > The host plants for P. m. in central europe are umbelliferae like > Foeniculum vulgare, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota and so on. These > plants offer anisaldehyde as a substitute 'lure" ingredient for citral, > offered by citrus plants in mediterranean countries. > > 1. The osmetrium smells like concentrated orange flavor. Is the > anisaldehyde transformed into citral or another molecule by the larvae? > What are the chemical processes within this secondary metabolism? > > 2. What is the osmetrium good for? Most books say it's a security > mechanism for not being eaten. I saw pictures of P. m. pupae with > entoparasites (wasp larvae) so that 'weapon' doesn't make sense to me. > Is it supposed to work with birds? I don't think so. > > 3. Does one know when and how evolution decided to give papilionidae > this strange organ? > > Thanks for your interest, > bye for now > > Martin > > Librer?a Virtual de Syl Net: http://www.giga.com/~slizarra Syl Net Virtual Bookstore: http://www.giga.com/~slizarra/books -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From andrewd at redac.co.uk Mon Mar 29 08:43:20 1999 From: andrewd at redac.co.uk (Andrew Daw) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 99 8:43:20 BST Subject: UK butterflies 27/3/99 In-Reply-To: <36fd04d8@news.uk.ibm.net>; from "mark.litjens" at Mar 27, 99 4:17 pm Message-ID: <199903290749.IAA00885@redpo> Hi, Much the same here in Gloucestershire. On Saturday I visited Highnam Woods RSPB reserve and saw plenty of Brimstones (Gonepteryx rhamni), Commas (Polygonia c-album) and Peacocks (Inachis Io). I can't give precise numbers as I have accidently left my notebook at home :( There were roughly equal numbers of Peacock and Brimstone (approx 20-ish) and a slightly lower number of Commas. One Small Tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae) in the back garden rounded the day off nicely :) > > Hi, > > I visited Bentley Wood today (on Hampshire/Wiltshire border) as the weather > was mainly sunny and warmish (11-13c). Once the air temperature warmed up > around midday there were plenty of Brimstones flying, 30 in all. Also 8 > Comma and 5 Peacock. > > Mark Litjens > e-mail: litjens at ibm.net -- *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* * Andrew Daw tel : +44 (0)1454 207 800 x 8704 * * Redac Systems Ltd email: andrewd at redac.co.uk * * 1500 Aztec West web : http://www.redac.co.uk * * Almondsbury, Bristol BS32 4RF DID: 01454 207828 - 8704 * *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-* From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Sun Mar 28 05:58:46 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 1999 02:58:46 -0800 Subject: Monstrosity References: <922565810.14870.424@excite.com> Message-ID: <36FE0B66.6F83@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Charles Gavette wrote: [snip] > The U.S. Interstate System is the largest monument ever built to late > capitalism. This monument and its use is the leading cause of environmental > degredation, unless the challenger be a collective apathy fueled by greed, > pride and the ever-popular exploitive ego. This relentless machine is not > offering solutions to the problem it is leaving behind: "Do the work, > however haphazardly, get your money, and go to the next place," seems the > scenario. When was the last time anyone reading this seriously considered > some of the devastating parameters of fossil fuel use? What does it do to > the human mind? FWIW, look carefully at U.S. interstate highway design, then look at that of the pre-WWII German Autobahn. Eerily alike, and no more identical are the two systems than when the Pennsylvania Turnpike is compared. Note how both systems convert an oversized parcel of land into a superwide highway separated by a large median strip. The German military's strategy was that if an enemy dropped bombs, damage would never be so severe that the road couldn't be put back into operation within an hour's repair time. -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From soren.nylin at zoologi.su.se Mon Mar 29 04:50:11 1999 From: soren.nylin at zoologi.su.se (Soren Nylin) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 11:50:11 +0200 Subject: Nymphalis vau-album Message-ID: <199903290950.LAA29278@mail.datakom.su.se> Dear list members, I was asked to post the answers to my query about Nymphalis vau-album taxonomy. Here's the query again, followed by a summary of the answers: >We are now convinced that available evidence does not support inclusion of "vaualbum" (the correct name may be l-album) in Nymphalis, since this species or species group is more closely related to Polygonia (in the strict sense) according to both morphology and DNA. The similarity to Nymphalis is ancestral. The species has in fact been named "Polygonia l-album" for a long time by European and Japanese authors, but lately the use of "Nymphalis vaualbum" has been adopted by both, as well as by Americans. > >Even more closely related to the strict Polygonia is "Kaniska canace" or "Polygonia canace", an Asian species which superficially looks very different from either of the above (being black and blue or green dorsally) and larvae eat monecyteledon plants (!), but these differences are only unique for the species (autapomorphies) and do not bear on phylogenetic relationships. On the underside and inside, and when considering immature stages or DNA it is clearly very closely related to Polygonia, albeit equally clearly outside of the "proper" Polygonias. > >Nymphalis and Polygonia in the wide sense are sister taxa, which explains why a species at the base of the Polygonia branch can be very similar to a "proper" Nymphalis. Aglais urticae and milberti are well outside of these species and cannot be included in Nymphalis, as is often proposed. Inachis io is also outside. > >1) I would like your opinions on whether we should propose including both vaualbum/l-album and canace in Polygonia or whether we should propose using Kaniska for canace and a genus of its own for vaualbum/l-album. Both are correct cladistically. >In favour of the former speaks: fewer generic names (Kaniska and the new genus would have only one species each, as currently recognized) and the fact that this carries the information that they belong on the Polygonia branch. It is also a usage which has previously been adopted. >In favour of the latter scheme speaks recognition of the fact that Polygonia excluding these two species is a very "good" genus with many species, which are held together by a large number of uniquely derived traits (synapomorphies), whereas Kaniska certainly is very distinct from these species in appearence and habits. And if Kaniska is given a genus then so must "vaualbum", so as not to make Polygonia paraphyletic.... >It's a matter of taste, so I ask yours! > >2) Can anyone more familiar with the rules than I am decide if there is an available genus for "vaualbum"?? Scudder placed the species in Eugonia Hubner, which is not used now that I know of, but the type species for this genus is polychloros which of course remains in Nymphalis and is also the type for this genus. The firsts description may have been under the genus Phalaena, but this is one of the old genera which was used for everything.. What are the rules regarding generic names? > > >3) Similarly, should we suggest vaualbum or l-album? The former is older (Dennis & Schiffermuller 1775) but published without description, the latter is from Esper 1780 who described the species. Authors like Stichel 1911 (in Seitz vol 1) and Seitz 1914 thought the latter should be used, but recently vaualbum has popped up again. > Answers: >From Chris Guppy: > > In reply to your inquiry regarding the generic status of "vaualbum", the > draft treatment we (Cris Guppy and Jon Shepard) have written for the > Butterflies of BC book follows. The book will take another year for > publication, and we have been anticipating being able to change the "in > litt." reference to your work to "in press" or published. We chose to split > vaualbum off as its own genus, but that was a matter of preference and we > could change our minds once your data is available to look at. We had to make > a decision despite inadequate data, and chose to "split". I assume that you > have compared the genetic distance between the possible genera of "Nymphalis" > with similar groupings in the Melitaeinae phylogeny that the "metapopulation" > group has produced. It would be helpful if a "genus" could be defined by a > fairly consistent level of genetic similarity/difference. Unfortunately I > suspect that, like everything else in nature, generic similarity/distance > will be highly variable and the boundaries of some genera will be a matter of > opinion/preference. > > I do not consider "fewer names" to be worth consideration as an argument for > lumping genera, since it results from a subjective preference rather than > objective assessment of relationships. The argument of "previous usage" also > is not worth consideration, because just about any usage can be justified > that way. The "carries information on relatedness to Polygonia" is a valid > argument for lumping, because the purpose of generic names is to indicate > relatedness between species. Similarly the differences from Polygonia are > good reasons for splitting off vaualbum and canace as separate genera, to > emphasise the relatedness of "true" Polygonia compared to the other 2 > species. Other than comparison with genetic distances in other "accepted" > genera, I don't think there is any way of making the decision to split or to > lump except through personal preference. Regardless of your decision, someone > will declare you wrong for both genus and species names. > > The rules regarding use of generic names are essentially the same for use of > species names, "the law of priority" and a clear definition/description of > the taxon. A "type species" defines each generic name, which in old names is > frequently deduced through some aspect of the original usage of the genus. > However, Roddia seems to be the only generic name available for vaualbum. Runar Krogen also noted the existence of Roddia (but in Norwegian, so I'll spare you a quote) and so did Guy Van de Poel and Jon Shepard. >From Guy Van de Poel: > > No opinion I'm afraid, but the following may be useful: > > There already exists a separate genus for l-album/vau-album: > > Genus Roddia Korshunov, 1995. > Original description: > "Type species: Papilio l-album Esper, 1780. > A monotypic Holarctic genus. The imago fore wing length is 26-32 mm. The > wing shape and pattern resemble those of both Polygonia and Nymphalis > genera. The wing outer margin is toothed. The wing upperside is > reddish-fulvous with rather large black spots and a white spot at the costal > margin of each wing. The wing bases are covered with dense soft hairs. The > wing underside is brown, the postdiscoidal area being lighter, with dark > strokes or reddish-brown. > ??? The genus is named in the honour of a forester and entomologist Eugeniy > Georgievich Rodd (1871-1933), an explorer of Altai and the Upper Priobye." > > It continues with the species, they treat vau-album as a synonym of l-album. > The complete citation would be Roddia Korshunov, 1995 in Korshunov & > Gorbunov, 1995. > They also treat canace in its own genus Kaniska. > > This is out of the translation by Oleg Kosterin from the works of: > Y. Korshunov & P. Gorbunov: "Dnevnye babochki aziatskoi chasti Rossii. > Spravochnik. [Butterflies of the Asian part of Russia. A handbook]. Ural > University Press, Ekaterinburg - 1995 - 202 p. [in Russian]" > > and > > Y. Korshunov: "Dopolneniya i ispravleniya k knige "Dnevnye babochki > aziatskoi chasti Rossii". [Additions and corrections to the book > "Butterflies of the Asian part of Russia."]. ETA Grp., Novosibirsk - 1996 - > 66 p. [in Russian]". > > This is available on the net (English translation), though the connection is > slow, it is worth it, look at > > > > http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/lepidopte ra/ > > > > >2) Can anyone more familiar with the rules than I am decide if there is an > snip > >What are the rules regarding generic names? > > > Eugonia must be a synonym of Nymphalis, as the type species is in that > genus, so it would be strictly invalid to use it for l-album/vau-album. > Except for the above (Roddia), I'm not aware of any other genus erected for > l-album/vau-album, and having it as the type-species (this is the basic > rule). >From this, and from other comments by e.g. Jon Shepard, I think we will suggest Roddia l-album instead of Nymphalis vau-album. "vau-album" is a "nomen nudum", published without description, and so l-album is the correct name. Since this name has also been used in parallell with vau-album all the time (especially in Europe and Asia), it cannot be argued that vau-album should be used in order to preserve name stability, either. All who commented felt that Polygonia is a good genus and should not include either canace or l-album, so both need separate genera, Kaniska and Roddia, respectively. Best regards Soren Soren Nylin Lecturer/Associate Professor of Animal Ecology http://www.zoologi.su.se/research/ecology.html Coordinator of graduate courses in Ecology, Ethology and Evolution http://www.zoologi.su.se/education/PhD-BIOLOGY/biohome.html Department of Zoology Stockholm University S-106 91 Stockholm SWEDEN Soren.Nylin at zoologi.su.se Tel +46-8-164033 Fax 167715 From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Mon Mar 29 05:27:43 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 06:27:43 -0400 Subject: my first butterfly of spring In-Reply-To: "Jonathan Sylvestre" "Re: my first butterfly of spring" (Mar 29, 3:41am) References: <3.0.32.19990326081812.006aac4c@csa.com> Message-ID: <990329062751.ZM13558@Gochfeld> The Milbert's in Quebec's snowfields sounds very unusual (we barely have Mourning Cloaks out (about 10 days late), in central New Jersey (latitutde 40N). Such reports would be more useful if they contained more details on location (nearest city, latitude, or something). Quebec is a pretty big province. M. Gochfeld From dhobern at hursley.ibm.com Mon Mar 29 06:27:08 1999 From: dhobern at hursley.ibm.com (Donald Hobern) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 12:27:08 +0100 Subject: A small black moth ? UK References: , <36FBF259.7CF6EA35@hkusua.hku.hk> Message-ID: <36FF638C.8BB98A3A@hursley.ibm.com> I think that the description of the legs rules out the Eriocraniids. Perhaps the most likely match would be Diurnea fagella, a member of the family Oecophoridae, which is quite common at this time of year. It is rather variable in ground colour. Last year I caught several that were almost black. Certainly it exhibits yellowish chevrons on the fore wings much as described. The legs are exactly as described. It comes readily to light. If the wings extended beyond the end of the abdomen it would have been a male. If they reached more or less to the end of the abdomen it would have been a female. The texture of the forewings is very dusty, as descibed. An illustration of the moth is most easily found in the 'Field Guide In Colour to Butterflies and Moths' by Ivo Novak (published by Blitz), which has been on sale in many of the remainder bookshops at least down here in Hampshire. I have seen photographs in other general books on insects. Most such illustrations show a more typical tawny-grey ground colour but the range is great. I have a colour drawing I made last year of a male that perfectly fits the desciption. Donald "Roger C. KENDRICK" wrote: > > Hi Ian, > > If you have any birch trees nearby, I'd be tempted to say you have seen one of > the several species of Eriocrania moths that occur in spring sunshine. They're > all pretty small, about a 10mm wingspan when set. At rest, they hold their wings > very steeply tented (tectiform). Under a handlens, the basic ground colour is > usually a metallic dark purple, with a spattering of yellow or golden scales. The > species are quite difficult to tell apart. There are several books to view, > Chinery's Insects of Britian and Western Europe illustrates one species in its > natural resting posture and the Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and > Ireland gives much greater detail about all the species that occur in Britain, > but the illustrations in the volume (either 1 or 2) are rather poor and don't do > the colours justice. > E. sparmanella (which occurs in Britain) is illustrated at > http://mpi-seewiesen.mpg.de/~kaisslin/pheronet/ins/eriocsparr.html > > Hope this helps, > > Roger. > > Dr Ian Dunn wrote: > > > Hi > > > > Stuck my head out of the back door this am , into the sunshine , very close > > to the conurbation of Nottingham to find something small and black on my wall > > at about 1.5m basking in the sun . I've not seen this before . There is a > > garden which usually seems insect friendly , a hedge row and fields the > > otherside of the A 52 .There are ponds too . > > > > It's 1cm long , overall black but with a yellow V on its back and the > > impression of being dusted with pollen ( perhaps it has been ! ) The legs > > seem to be black and white , reminded me of a zebra spider ( only 6 > > though ! ) . At first I thought it might have been a beetle but a hand lens > > leads me to believe it is a moth . > > > > Does this description remind any one of anything ? > > > > Ian -- Donald Hobern : CB Development, MP 189, Hursley Park, Winchester, England E-MAIL : dhobern at hursley.ibm.com TELEPHONE : +44 1962 815301 From shrirama at my-dejanews.com Mon Mar 29 06:12:36 1999 From: shrirama at my-dejanews.com (shrirama at my-dejanews.com) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 11:12:36 GMT Subject: Melissa virus References: <199903281615.LAA17415@gr.its.yale.edu> Message-ID: <7dnn6u$tcg$1@nnrp1.dejanews.com> Go to http://www.pspl.com/virus_info/melissa.htm for information on Melissa, the word macro virus. Protector Plus can detect and remove this virus. Fully functional evaluation packs are avaialble at http://www.pspl.com You are welcome to use this information for the benefit of those in need. S R Kadur http://www.pspl.com -----------== Posted via Deja News, The Discussion Network ==---------- http://www.dejanews.com/ Search, Read, Discuss, or Start Your Own From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Mon Mar 29 07:30:23 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 20:30:23 +0800 Subject: A small black moth ? UK References: , <36FBF259.7CF6EA35@hkusua.hku.hk> <36FF638C.8BB98A3A@hursley.ibm.com> Message-ID: <36FF725E.56AF9AF2@hkusua.hku.hk> Well, I'd have to agree, Diurnea fagella is a possibility, although I don't recall seeing by day before (but regularly recorded the males at light - females have very reduced wings and I rarely saw any to light). This species (light form) is also illustrated in Chinery. The males are well known to exhibit melanistic forms; which appear almost as 'negatives' of the normal colouration. I guess three years away from UK recording has made my species recognition a little rusty! regards, Roger. Donald Hobern wrote: > I think that the description of the legs rules out the Eriocraniids. > Perhaps the most likely match would be Diurnea fagella, a member of > the family Oecophoridae, which is quite common at this time of year. > > It is rather variable in ground colour. Last year I caught several > that were almost black. Certainly it exhibits yellowish chevrons on > the fore wings much as described. The legs are exactly as described. > It comes readily to light. If the wings extended beyond the end of > the abdomen it would have been a male. If they reached more or less > to the end of the abdomen it would have been a female. The texture of > the forewings is very dusty, as descibed. > > An illustration of the moth is most easily found in the 'Field Guide In > Colour to Butterflies and Moths' by Ivo Novak (published by Blitz), > which has been on sale in many of the remainder bookshops at least down > here in Hampshire. I have seen photographs in other general books on > insects. Most such illustrations show a more typical tawny-grey ground > colour but the range is great. I have a colour drawing I made last year > of a male that perfectly fits the desciption. > > Donald > > "Roger C. KENDRICK" wrote: > > > > Hi Ian, > > > > If you have any birch trees nearby, I'd be tempted to say you have seen one of > > the several species of Eriocrania moths that occur in spring sunshine. They're > > all pretty small, about a 10mm wingspan when set. At rest, they hold their wings > > very steeply tented (tectiform). Under a handlens, the basic ground colour is > > usually a metallic dark purple, with a spattering of yellow or golden scales. The > > species are quite difficult to tell apart. There are several books to view, > > Chinery's Insects of Britian and Western Europe illustrates one species in its > > natural resting posture and the Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and > > Ireland gives much greater detail about all the species that occur in Britain, > > but the illustrations in the volume (either 1 or 2) are rather poor and don't do > > the colours justice. > > E. sparmanella (which occurs in Britain) is illustrated at > > http://mpi-seewiesen.mpg.de/~kaisslin/pheronet/ins/eriocsparr.html > > > > Hope this helps, > > > > Roger. > > > > Dr Ian Dunn wrote: > > > > > Hi > > > > > > Stuck my head out of the back door this am , into the sunshine , very close > > > to the conurbation of Nottingham to find something small and black on my wall > > > at about 1.5m basking in the sun . I've not seen this before . There is a > > > garden which usually seems insect friendly , a hedge row and fields the > > > otherside of the A 52 .There are ponds too . > > > > > > It's 1cm long , overall black but with a yellow V on its back and the > > > impression of being dusted with pollen ( perhaps it has been ! ) The legs > > > seem to be black and white , reminded me of a zebra spider ( only 6 > > > though ! ) . At first I thought it might have been a beetle but a hand lens > > > leads me to believe it is a moth . > > > > > > Does this description remind any one of anything ? > > > > > > Ian > > -- > > Donald Hobern : CB Development, MP 189, Hursley Park, Winchester, > England > E-MAIL : dhobern at hursley.ibm.com > TELEPHONE : +44 1962 815301 -- Roger C. KENDRICK Demonstrator / Ph.D. Student Dept. of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong mailto:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk mailing address: Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Lam Kam Road, Shek Kong, Yuen Long, New Territories, HONG KONG Hong Kong Moths website coordinator http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/hkmoth.htm HK Lepidoptera Group webmaster (English version) http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/ From daldap at vpuserv.vpu.lt Mon Mar 29 09:41:42 1999 From: daldap at vpuserv.vpu.lt (Dalius Dapkus) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:41:42 +0000 Subject: first leps in Lithuania Message-ID: Hi, I envy those who can research leps all the year round. But here, in Lithuania, leps season has just started. On 27 of March I saw flying first species: Inachis io Gonopteryx rhamni Aglais urticae Brephos parthenias I caught 3 species with a light trap the same day's evening: Lithophane socia Brachionycha nubeculosa Polyploca flavicornis Dalius Dapkus Lithuania From butrfly at epix.net Mon Mar 29 11:53:18 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 08:53:18 -0800 Subject: Lantana Butterflies References: <003101be7875$d8f20900$8881ddd0@gregory.andinet.com> Message-ID: <36FFAFFE.3390@epix.net> Gregory Nielsen wrote: > Rick, > What specie is the Lantana Butterfly and it?s native range. > Thanks, Greg Nielsen Mr. Nielsen The greater and lesser Lantana butterflies are; Tmolus echion and Strymon bazochii respectfully. The range Texas to Brazil and The antilles and the Florida keys. Mostly tropical. Rick Mikula From tony.aw.prichard at bt.com Mon Mar 29 09:22:54 1999 From: tony.aw.prichard at bt.com (Prichard,AW,NAR7 PRICHAA2 M) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 15:22:54 +0100 Subject: A small black moth ? UK Message-ID: <199903291423.JAA27218@gr.its.yale.edu> Things which concerns me about the id as Diurnea fagella are a) the 1cm length mentioned in the description. This seems a bit short to me from my recollections of the species, unless it was a female possibly. b) I don't know that I would have described even a melanistic D. fagella as resembling a beetle, but that's rather subjective. The zebra striped legs seem to fit. I see D. fagella frequently during the day at rest on oak tree trunks, it is a common moth here in Suffolk. It is probably at the peak of its season at the moment. The colouring of the moth doesn't actually seem to give very good camouflage and they can be readily spotted from quite a distance. Most of the ones I spot are males. Females I have seen very infrequently. The females I have seen have been in the process of climbing up the tree trunk. Plenty of males too light but I have had no experience of any females turning up to light. Sorry but I have no alternative to suggest. Tony Prichard > -----Original Message----- > From: Roger C. KENDRICK [SMTP:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk] > Sent: Monday, March 29, 1999 1:30 PM > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > Cc: dhobern at hursley.ibm.com; ianadunn at globalnet.co.uk; alan5319 at alo.com > Subject: Re: A small black moth ? UK > > Well, I'd have to agree, Diurnea fagella is a possibility, although I > don't recall > seeing by day before (but regularly recorded the males at light - females > have very > reduced wings and I rarely saw any to light). This species (light form) is > also > illustrated in Chinery. The males are well known to exhibit melanistic > forms; which > appear almost as 'negatives' of the normal colouration. > I guess three years away from UK recording has made my species recognition > a little > rusty! > > regards, > > Roger. > > Donald Hobern wrote: > > > I think that the description of the legs rules out the Eriocraniids. > > Perhaps the most likely match would be Diurnea fagella, a member of > > the family Oecophoridae, which is quite common at this time of year. > > > > It is rather variable in ground colour. Last year I caught several > > that were almost black. Certainly it exhibits yellowish chevrons on > > the fore wings much as described. The legs are exactly as described. > > It comes readily to light. If the wings extended beyond the end of > > the abdomen it would have been a male. If they reached more or less > > to the end of the abdomen it would have been a female. The texture of > > the forewings is very dusty, as descibed. > > > > An illustration of the moth is most easily found in the 'Field Guide In > > Colour to Butterflies and Moths' by Ivo Novak (published by Blitz), > > which has been on sale in many of the remainder bookshops at least down > > here in Hampshire. I have seen photographs in other general books on > > insects. Most such illustrations show a more typical tawny-grey ground > > colour but the range is great. I have a colour drawing I made last year > > of a male that perfectly fits the desciption. > > > > Donald > > > > "Roger C. KENDRICK" wrote: > > > > > > Hi Ian, > > > > > > If you have any birch trees nearby, I'd be tempted to say you have > seen one of > > > the several species of Eriocrania moths that occur in spring sunshine. > They're > > > all pretty small, about a 10mm wingspan when set. At rest, they hold > their wings > > > very steeply tented (tectiform). Under a handlens, the basic ground > colour is > > > usually a metallic dark purple, with a spattering of yellow or golden > scales. The > > > species are quite difficult to tell apart. There are several books to > view, > > > Chinery's Insects of Britian and Western Europe illustrates one > species in its > > > natural resting posture and the Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain > and > > > Ireland gives much greater detail about all the species that occur in > Britain, > > > but the illustrations in the volume (either 1 or 2) are rather poor > and don't do > > > the colours justice. > > > E. sparmanella (which occurs in Britain) is illustrated at > > > http://mpi-seewiesen.mpg.de/~kaisslin/pheronet/ins/eriocsparr.html > > > > > > Hope this helps, > > > > > > Roger. > > > > > > Dr Ian Dunn wrote: > > > > > > > Hi > > > > > > > > Stuck my head out of the back door this am , into the sunshine , > very close > > > > to the conurbation of Nottingham to find something small and black > on my wall > > > > at about 1.5m basking in the sun . I've not seen this before . There > is a > > > > garden which usually seems insect friendly , a hedge row and fields > the > > > > otherside of the A 52 .There are ponds too . > > > > > > > > It's 1cm long , overall black but with a yellow V on its back and > the > > > > impression of being dusted with pollen ( perhaps it has been ! ) The > legs > > > > seem to be black and white , reminded me of a zebra spider ( only 6 > > > > though ! ) . At first I thought it might have been a beetle but a > hand lens > > > > leads me to believe it is a moth . > > > > > > > > Does this description remind any one of anything ? > > > > > > > > Ian > > > > -- > > > > Donald Hobern : CB Development, MP 189, Hursley Park, Winchester, > > England > > E-MAIL : dhobern at hursley.ibm.com > > TELEPHONE : +44 1962 815301 > > > > -- > Roger C. KENDRICK > Demonstrator / Ph.D. Student > Dept. of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong > mailto:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk > > mailing address: > Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong > Lam Kam Road, Shek Kong, Yuen Long, New Territories, HONG KONG > > Hong Kong Moths website coordinator > http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/hkmoth.htm > > HK Lepidoptera Group webmaster (English version) > http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/ From venters at iinteralpha.co.uk Mon Mar 29 10:20:34 1999 From: venters at iinteralpha.co.uk (Nigel) Date: 29 Mar 99 15:20:34 GMT Subject: Voices from the T'ang References: <922616741.29826.506@excite.com>, <01be7785$54f2b320$33e11ac3@e5q5n1>, <36FEC4FD.389AE292@gate.net> Message-ID: <01be77e8$6e082c60$LocalHost@e5q5n1> OK, fair enough... I was feeling crochety and recovering from flu at the time, maybe I was a little "over the top" Apologies to all! Hit me with some more T'ang if you like and I promise not to say a word. Nigel Venters Anne Kilmer wrote in article <36FEC4FD.389AE292 at gate.net>... > I enjoyed it ... there was, after all, a moth in there ... > and, here we are, the beginning of spring, close on Easter, Passover and > Hajj, a full moon and April Fool's Day ... something there for everyone > to celebrate whether with the sonorous verse or the wild butterfly > dances. > Anne Kilmer > South Florida > > From Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca Mon Mar 29 10:58:47 1999 From: Jonathan.Sylvestre at residences.ulaval.ca (Jonathan Sylvestre) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 15:58:47 GMT Subject: my first butterfly of spring References: 29,, 3:41am), <990329062751.ZM13558@Gochfeld> Message-ID: IM approximately At 46N 72W. Maple tree forest (Acer, Ulmus, Fraxinus, Prunus, Tilia, and many coniferous). No wind, no clouds, Temperature 17 ?C. The location is in the middle between Trois-Rivi?res and Quebec City, on the south side of the St-Lawrence River. The Mourning Cloak will fly soon.... Last years, it was the sooner butterfly season I never saw. But this years, its more soon.... Michael Gochfeld a ?crit dans le message <990329062751.ZM13558 at Gochfeld>... >The Milbert's in Quebec's snowfields sounds very unusual (we barely have >Mourning Cloaks out (about 10 days late), in central New Jersey >(latitutde 40N). > >Such reports would be more useful if they contained more details on >location (nearest city, latitude, or something). >Quebec is a pretty big province. > >M. Gochfeld > From alan5319 at aol.com Mon Mar 29 14:30:39 1999 From: alan5319 at aol.com (Alan5319) Date: 29 Mar 1999 19:30:39 GMT Subject: Re D. fagella Message-ID: <19990329143039.13983.00000185@ng-fz1.aol.com> Last night 28/iii/99 we had in our trap a classic melanistic D. fagella. We have seen them in the past but this theme has caused us to notice them. Although the wings were very dark the fringe was white with regular dark intrusions. The chevron marking was distinct. Hope that this may help. Alan & Jeri Coates From jvicens at infotelecom.es Mon Mar 29 16:22:58 1999 From: jvicens at infotelecom.es (José Vicens) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 23:22:58 +0200 Subject: List the insects for sale or exchange Message-ID: <7doqf4$gm0$1@talia.mad.ttd.net> Lepidopteros P A P I L I O N I D A E Suramerica Papilio chiansiades P. Maldonado 2$ Papilio torquatus Requena 3$ Papilio rhodostictos p. Maldonado 2$ Papilio hypason P. Maldonado 1,50 $ Papilio antichisiades capis Amazonia 2$ Papilio androgeus Amazonia 1.50$ Papilio cleotas Peru Papilio tohas Quillabamba 4$ Papilio lycophron P. Maldonado 2$ Eurytides Callias Iquito 2$ Eurytides protesilaus Iquito 1.50$ Eurytides leucaspis Iquito 2,50$ Papilio zagreus Iquito 5$ Parides SP. Variacion rojiza P. Maldonado 1,50$ Parides SP. Variacion blanca P. Maldonado 1,50$ Madagascar Papilio delande 3,50$ Papilio dardanus 3,50$ Papilio ephiporbas 3,30$ Papilio erithonides 3,60$ Papilio antenor 15$ Papilio phorcas 4$ Europa Papilio machaon Baleares 2.50$ Papilio apollo Teruel 5$ N Y M P H A L I D A E Consul hippona Iquito 1$ Callitea adamsi Iquito 1$ Colobura dirce Requena 1.50$ Panacea regina Iquito 1.50$ Methamorpa stelens Amazonia 1.50$ Methamorpa sulpitia Requena 1.50$ Methamorpa apapus 2 $ Historis orion Methamorpa 1.50$ Perisana SP Quillabamba 1$ Hamadria februa Requena 1.20$ Vanesa carye Quillabamba 1$ Doxocopha xerubina Iquito 1$ Junonia lavinia Ollantaitambo 1.20$ Amadrias febria Amazonia 1.10$ Callicore aegina Iquito 1$ Diatrea climena Iquito 1,50$ Perisama priene Amazonia 1,50$ Perisama vaninka Amazonia 1,50$ R. Indoaustralasia Vindula arsioe Marinduque 2$ Vindula erota Marinduque 2$ Partenos sylvia Marinduque 1$ Cyrestis maenalis Marinduque 1$ Cyrestis themire Marinduque 1$ Hypolimas diomea Marinduque 1$ Madagascar Charaxes candiope 2.50$ Charaxes castor 11$ Precis andremiaga 1.50$ Precis SP 1$ Salamis anteva 3.50$ Salamis anacardi 3.50$ Cyrestis camilus 1$ Hypolimas dexitea 5$ EUROPA Vanesa atlanta Baleares 1,50 $ Vanesa cardui Baleares 1 $ Mesocipalia agiaja Teruel 1$ Britensia circe Teruel 1$ Cethosia biblis Russia 1$ Hipperonia alcyone Teruel 1$ Pandoriana pandora Teruel 3$ M O R P H I D A E Morpho xulkowski Manu 10$ Morpho aurora aureola Manu 3.50$ Morpho granadensis Amazonia 9$ Morpho achilles amazonica Manu 2.30$ Morpho didius Manu 4$ P I E R I D A E Suramerica Phoebis philea Uru bamba 2$ Phoebis rurina Urubamba 2$ Phoebis statira Peru 2$ Colias dimera Urubamba 1$ Pair Colias cesonia Urubamba 1$ Pair Ceptophabia elensis Urubamba 1$ Pair Ascia bunias P. Maldonado 1$ Pair Anteneos menippe P. Maldonado 2$ Leptophobia eleusis Urubamba 1$ Tatochila blanchardi Urubamba 1$ Peurete leucodosine Amazonia 3$ Indoaustralasia Hebomoia glaucipe Is. Negros 2$ Appias ada Marinduque 2$ Prioneris autothisbe Malasia 1$ Appias nero Malasia 1$ Heureme hecabe Marinduque 1$ Appias paulina Marinduque 1$ Catopsilia phirante India 1 $ EUROPA Pontia daplidice Is. Baleares 1$ Pair Geometrix cleopatra Is. Baleares 1$ Pair HELICONIDAE Heliconius buneyi P. Maldonado 1$ Pair Heliconius wallaci P. Maldonado 1$ Pair Dryas julia Urubamba P. Maldonado 1$ Heliconia potiverana Quillabamba 1$ Dione vanillae Peru 1$ Dione Moneta Peru 1$ Dione juno Peru 1$ Heliconius pillis beskei Iquito 1,50$ Heliconius xenoclea Iquito 2$ ACRAEIDAE Acraea damii Madagascar 1$ Actinote teepsinoe Quillabamba 1.50$ Actinote laverna Amazonia 1.50$ DANAIDAE Danaus Chrysippus madagascarensis Madagascar 1$ Eupolea mulicer Malasia 1.50$ Danaus pleixipus Amazonia 4$ Danaus erippus Amazonia 8$ Danaus SP. bomudi Africa 5$ SATYTIDAE Hateerea piera Requena 1$ Cithaerias aurorina Amazonia 1$ Pararge aegera Espa?a 1$ pair Coenonympha pampilus Baleares 1$ Hisparchia semele Teruel 1$ Maniola Jurtina Baleares 1$ Pironia cecilia Baleares 1$ Pyrella hyceta Amazonia 3$ ITHOMIDAE Hylaris fenestella P.Maldonado 1$ Hylaris Vallonia P.Maldonado 1$ Hylaris S.P 1$ Mechanitis lycidice 1$ Godyris duilua Requena 1$ Thyridia confusa P. Maldonado 1,50$ URANIDAE Urania ripileus Madagascar 3$ Urania (gran talla) Madagascar 5$ Urania leilus Madagascar 2$ SATURNIDAE Argema miltreii Madagascar 80$ NOCTUIDAE Noctuidae Sp. Is. Negrosn 3$ COLEOPTEROS y INSECTOS CERAMBICIDAE Acromis asparsa longimanus Selva Manu (8 cm.) 38$ Macrodontia cervicornis Amazonia ( 10 a 12 cm. ) 39$ Cerambicido de Madagascar (de 5 a 6cm.) b&n. 11$ Macrodonta SP. Amazonia (de 6 a 8Cm) 15$ Macrodonta SP. Amazonia (de 8 a 10Cm) 22$ Macrodonta SP. Amazonia (de10a 12cm) 35$ Strangalia Sp. Madagascar 2$ Hemipteros Lethocerus grandis (de 10 a12 Cm.) Amazonia 12$ ARACNIDAE Amblypypi (species) ara?a cueva de la Amazonia 23$ From timbukt2 at excite.com Mon Mar 29 17:52:23 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 14:52:23 PST Subject: Dear Nigel Message-ID: <922747943.28007.581@excite.com> Believe it or not, just before I clicked on your message to read it, an image of you being physically not up to par fleeted through my head. It is just these kinds of confrontations that cause us to really think, to wrest thought from its dogmatic slumber. No need to apologize. "Innocence cannot becounter-balanced or neutralized by its opposite. The only thing that it cannot stand is the spoiling of the atmosphere. This rotting process within normalcy gives no resistance, offers no alternative, and commits no act. And innocence finds it exhausting." (Gilles Deleuze, 'The Fatigues') _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk Mon Mar 29 16:13:50 1999 From: Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk (Neil Jones) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 99 21:13:50 GMT Subject: Quino checkerspot butterfly References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2DC@hqmail.gensym.com>, <36F63F1C.61BB@concentric.net> Message-ID: <922742030snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> In article <36F63F1C.61BB at concentric.net> paulcher at CONCENTRIC.NET "Paul Cherubini" writes: > Mark Walker wrote: > > > This represents the worst nightmare for people like me - who are hated both > > because we are heartless enough to murder innocent living creatures, and > > also because we're sick enough to love the same creatures so much that we > > place their needs above the needs of human beings. > > There are more ironies: You could be a butterfly breeder and hated by > NABA for adding butterflies to the environment because they interfere > with its 4th of July population counts. > > Paul Cherubini Or worse a pesticide salesman who attacks those who seek to preserve the environment. ;-) -- Neil Jones- Neil at nwjones.demon.co.uk http://www.nwjones.demon.co.uk/ "At some point I had to stand up and be counted. Who speaks for the butterflies?" Andrew Lees - The quotation on his memorial at Crymlyn Bog National Nature Reserve From jangle at vt.edu Mon Mar 29 20:58:49 1999 From: jangle at vt.edu (Jo) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 20:58:49 -0500 Subject: T. Emmel Message-ID: Does anyone know the whereabouts of Thomas Emmel? If so, I'd appreciate a mailing address or email, please, if it's not considered confidential. Thanks. Jo Jo Angleberger W.I.N.E. Administrator http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/nww/nww.html A classic is a book that has never finished saying what it has to say. (Italo Calvino) From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Mon Mar 29 19:48:14 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 19:48:14 -0500 Subject: Tiger Swallowtail Message-ID: <37001F4E.1804@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Does anyone know if a yellow male and female can produce dark form offspring? Xi Wang From gwang at mb.sympatico.ca Mon Mar 29 20:04:54 1999 From: gwang at mb.sympatico.ca (gwang) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 20:04:54 -0500 Subject: Another Tiger Question Message-ID: <37002336.7FF0@mb.sympatico.ca> Hi, Does anyone out there have any info on Papilio glaucus arcticus and P. glaucus maynardi? Xi Wang From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Tue Mar 30 00:45:54 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 20:45:54 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Another Tiger Question Message-ID: The form _arcticus_ was described by Skinner (1906) to apply to the Alaska/Yukon members of the _Papilio glaucus/rutulus_ complex. I do not have the OD at hand--it's possible that Skinner may have described this as a form of _P. rutulus_. It would now be considered a western form of _Pterourus canadensis_, and bears somewhat the same relation to eastern _canadensis_ as _rutulus_ does to _glaucus_, as far as facies go. Hagen et al (J. Lep. Soc 45: 245-258, 1992) see no reason to regard _arcticus_ as a subspecies, however. They state that Fairbanks, AK specimens are clearly good _canadensis_. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com Mon Mar 29 05:53:24 1999 From: cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com (Rev Chuck) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 02:53:24 -0800 Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <36FCE833.656C@epix.net>, <01be7718$ba34de60$29e11ac3@e5q5n1>, <36FCFE5B.6AB9@concentric.net> Message-ID: <36FF5BA4.31CF@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Paul Cherubini wrote: > > Nigel wrote: > > > > I don't like to be a spoil-sport but are those garden vegs in Hawaii native > > or imported? It's easy to try and play God and determine what should and > > shouldn't be where, but the bottom line is that natural selection will have > > it's own way in the end............. it always does. > > Good point Nigel. Another thought: Are the bees that pollinate some of > the garden veggies (e.g.tomatoes) in Hawaii native or imported? > > Here in California, many of our famous crops (apples, almonds, prunes, > peaches, pears, apricots, tomatoes, strawberries, etc) are not native > and virtually 100% dependent on the imported european honey bee for > pollination. > > Paul Cherubini, El Dorado, California Right. And what genius tried to hybridize the Italian honeybees with African strains to create a superpollinator? Apis mellifera is, in general, on the demise anyway. Blame fungal blights and overuse of wide spectrum insecticides. The search is on for alternate pollinators such as carpenter bees. Likely, the next generation pollinators will come from natives. -- Nothing says you're insane like prayer. Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk Tue Mar 30 05:11:37 1999 From: kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk (Roger C. KENDRICK) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 18:11:37 +0800 Subject: Lantana Butterflies References: <003101be7875$d8f20900$8881ddd0@gregory.andinet.com> <36FFAFFE.3390@epix.net> Message-ID: <3700A358.96A3CBC7@hkusua.hku.hk> Further details on this can be found on the Bishop Museum's website listing all the butterflies of Hawai'i. (http://www.bishop.hawaii.org/bishop/HBS/hbs1.html) regards, Roger Rick Mikula wrote: > Gregory Nielsen wrote: > > Rick, > > What specie is the Lantana Butterfly and it?s native range. > > Thanks, Greg Nielsen > > Mr. Nielsen > The greater and lesser Lantana butterflies are; Tmolus echion > and Strymon bazochii respectfully. The range Texas to Brazil and > The antilles and the Florida keys. Mostly tropical. > Rick Mikula -- Roger C. KENDRICK Demonstrator / Ph.D. Student Dept. of Ecology & Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong mailto:kendrick at hkusua.hku.hk mailing address: Kadoorie Agricultural Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong Lam Kam Road, Shek Kong, Yuen Long, New Territories, HONG KONG Hong Kong Moths website coordinator http://web.hku.hk/~kendrick/hkmoth.htm HK Lepidoptera Group webmaster (English version) http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/1085/ From paulcher at concentric.net Tue Mar 30 02:46:50 1999 From: paulcher at concentric.net (Paul Cherubini) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 07:46:50 +0000 Subject: Diseases of Adult Butterflies References: <36FCE833.656C@epix.net>, <01be7718$ba34de60$29e11ac3@e5q5n1>, <36FCFE5B.6AB9@concentric.net> <36FF5BA4.31CF@-REMOVE_THIS-erols.com> Message-ID: <3700816A.78C1@concentric.net> Rev Chuck wrote: > Apis mellifera is, in general, on the demise anyway. Blame fungal > blights and overuse of wide spectrum insecticides. According to honey bee expert, Prof. Adrian Wenner, the european honey bee (Apis mellifera) is on its way back. Wild colonies in California are now exhibiting good resistance to the Varroa mites that nearly wiped out them out in the recent past. Captive colonies still have a problem with the mites, however, because bee keepers havn't given them the opportunity to develope resistance, via natural selection, to the mites. Instead, bee keepers have been effectively controlling the mites with a broad spectrum synthetic pyrethroid insecticide/miticide known as fluvalinate. Thus, for the last several years we have had an ironic situation where captive colonies of this incredibly important insect are dependent on a broad spectrum pesticide for their survival! Many large scale butterfly breeders have also learned how to use pesticides to efficiently raise these insects. Herbicides control unwanted weeds in greenhouses. Fungicides prevent fungal problems from developing on host plants. Insecticides and miticides control, aphids, thrips, whiteflies and various mites that would otherwise kill the larval host plants. Insecticide applied to host plants also help control predatory ants, yellow jackets, mantids and lady bugs. Chemical disinfectants and sanitizers are used to treat host plants and rearing containers to help control potential bacterial, viral and protozoan diseases. Paul Cherubini, El Dorado, California From e.d.chesmore at e-eng.hull.ac.uk Tue Mar 30 06:15:15 1999 From: e.d.chesmore at e-eng.hull.ac.uk (Dave Chesmore) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 12:15:15 +0100 Subject: A small black moth ? UK Message-ID: <001201be7a9e$96a3ef20$bff0ed96@ee-p188.e-eng.hull.ac.uk> I agree, the moth is most likely to be Diurnea fagella. I caught a melanic specimen last week in Yorkshire. It was the darkest I have seen - soot black with very bright white markings. Dr David Chesmore, FRES, MIAgrE Control & Intelligent Systems Engineering Group School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering & Mathematics University of Hull Hull, HU6 7RX England tel/fax: +1482 465062 message pager: 07654 266522 From butrfly at epix.net Tue Mar 30 12:19:35 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 09:19:35 -0800 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2DC@hqmail.gensym.com>, <36F63F1C.61BB@concentric.net> <922742030snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> Message-ID: <370107A7.3F68@epix.net> Mark Walker wrote: > There are more ironies: You could be a butterfly breeder and hated by > NABA for adding butterflies to the environment because they interfere > with its 4th of July population counts. Ironically every time the naba puts out more propaganda thier memberships calls to order more butterflies. As far as the notorious 4th of July counts, has it ever served any scientific purpose? Or is it just a reason for some butterfly enthusiast to take a walk in a small area on a paricular day. Could we assume that if the walk is done on a overcast day, when no butterflies are on the wing, that all species are extinct because none were found. I have trouble putting faith into these counts since many species are not in the adult stage and flying at that time. For too many of the counters all whites are Cabbages and anything yellow are Clouded. I say this from knowing many naba members for many years. I have in the past been asked to address meetings of potential counters to assist them in identifying species prior to going in the field. Many of the questions I get are "The swallowtails, Aren't they the ones with that little taily thing on the ends of their wings that are always eating my parsley right?" or Fritillary? I thought they were Monarchs, whats the difference? After some exposure to this scenario my faith in them is somewhat reserved. Sorry for the waste of bandwidth, but I had to get that out of my system. Flame on!!!!!! Quite Respectfully Rick Mikula From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Tue Mar 30 10:36:47 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 07:36:47 -0800 Subject: Pearl Crescent Names - not selenis Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F88@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Re the recent notes on Phyciodes tharos and selenis; while the NABA list uses the name P. selenis, recent publications eg Bird et al 1995, Layberry et al 1998 follow the results of Scotts work (Papilio New Series No. 7, 1994) in using the name Phyciodes cocyta to refer to what started out some twenty years ago as being refrred to as "tharos type B" based on Oliver's work in the 1970's. Between then and now, you will find three other names in books and articles: P. selenis, P. pascoensis, P. morpheus. As pointed out by Porter and Mueller 1998, "Scott's efforts seem the most rigorous and complete" and hence cocyta should be used until/unless it is replaced by an even more rigorous numenclatural analysis. But the situation is not without complexity since the taxonomy is also still open to debate despite the preponderance of evidence pointing to cocyta and tharos not being one species. Porter and Mueller 1998 present chemical data and argue that they are subspecies - but note that James Scott (pers comm) has examined the wings of the material that they used in their study and concluded that they analysed one species (identification error) so obviously the chemical analysis is unlikely to point to two species. Correct identification of female cocyta and tharos can be difficult - but Catling 1997 appeared to have no difficulty in separating the two species in southern Ontario and presents some interesting biological information. In at least some western areas they are also quite distinct and as an interesting historical note, Hooper way back in 1973 (Butterflies of Saskatchewan) recognized and illustrated distinct woodland and prairie phenotypes. Klassen et all (Butterflies of Manitoba) also recognize the difference and my own field work in Alberta convinces me there are two species there. So it seems that cocyta and tharos are easier to distinguish phenotypically in Canada and at least parts of the western USA than they are in parts of the eastern USA. One option that appears to have not been explored in detail is that of eastern deciduous forest 'tharos' being a distinct species from prairie grassland 'tharos'. And then remember the interesting comment in Layberry et al 1998 suggesting that in the east there could even be 3 species rather than 2 or 1. The final chapter in the saga of NA Phyciodes has not been written. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From paulevi at webaccess.net Tue Mar 30 11:40:04 1999 From: paulevi at webaccess.net (Paul A. Opler) Date: 30 Mar 1999 09:40:04 -0700 Subject: Registration for Sierra Vista meeting. Message-ID: <094210340161e39TABOR2@webaccess.net> >Hello: > >In the Lep News that included the forms for the 1999 Annual meeting, Paul Opler, the local arrangements chair, neglected to include that registration and field trip forms should be mailed to: > >Dr. Paul A. Opler >P.O. Box 2227 >Loveland, CO 80539-2227 > >970/667-8448 >paulevi at webaccess.net > >They should not be mailed to Mike Smith, the program chair. This is important as you will not be considered registered until your forms reach Paul Opler. You will not be charged late fees if your envelope is postmarked before the early registration deadline. Paul will be travelling much of the summer so it is vital to register as early as possible. Please pass this information on to as many Lep Soc members as possible. > >Note that the forms are also available on the Lep Soc website. > >Thank you, > >Paul Opler > Also note that reservations for commercial and noncommercial display tables should me made early with Paul From LadyJenna6 at usa.net Tue Mar 30 10:33:23 1999 From: LadyJenna6 at usa.net (Jenna Ogilvie) Date: 30 Mar 1999 15:33:23 GMT Subject: Osmeteria through history... References: , <7dgpmu$qf$1@news5.svr.pol.co.uk> Message-ID: <01be7ac2$4335dc80$7a1401cf@MYPC.TDSNET.COM> In the eleventh printing of The National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Butterflies, they use the spelling "osmeterium." From raul at genetics.su.se Tue Mar 30 12:07:54 1999 From: raul at genetics.su.se (raul at genetics.su.se) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 18:07:54 +0100 Subject: Hyalophora cecropia Message-ID: <370104E9.97C2AB10@genetics.su.se> Dear coleagues, I have been trying to find any dealer or supplier in order to purchase Hyalophora cecropia pupae. Our research work is greatly depending on the continuous supply of these pupae. Right now, our stock of pupae, has ran out and we cannot continue our investigations, since our fomer north american supplier doesnt sail them any longer. We have been unsucessful in finding alternative rearers or supplier, any information on that matter would be very appreciated. Best regards Raul Raul Bettencourt Department of Genetics University of Stockholm Sweden raul at genetics.su.se From viceroy at gate.net Tue Mar 30 13:32:59 1999 From: viceroy at gate.net (Anne Kilmer) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 13:32:59 -0500 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE2DC@hqmail.gensym.com>, <36F63F1C.61BB@concentric.net> <922742030snz@nwjones.demon.co.uk> <370107A7.3F68@epix.net> Message-ID: <370118DB.FD6361CF@gate.net> Now, now ... I can't say I disagree entirely about the NABA butterfly counts; they're not scientific; merely rough and optimistic approximations of how many of what sort of butterfly might be in an area ... and, of course, they depend on the number counting, expertise of counters, and the weather granted us on that day. The true reason for the count, I suspect, is that it gives us a notion of how many people in an area care how many butterflies there are. It gives us, also, a good feeling about butterflies, about each other, and an opportunity to cast an eye across some good habitats and see that they aren't being degraded needlessly. The chief objection to the Fourth of July butterfly release, if you'll check back, wasn't that it would inconvenience a few counters ... they could schedule their count before the Fourth, after all. It wasn't even that it would screw up all Don Davis' hard work, organizing studies on Monarch populations ... or that Lincoln Brower and Robert Pyle both asked that the release not take place. I think our principal concern was that the habit of releasing Monarch butterflies (for instance) interferes with their natural population, disrupts the flow of genes, may promote the spread of diseases and parasites, and favors the Monarch population over other sorts of butterfly. It makes the Monarch into a sort of chicken or pigeon ... reared by people and substituting for the natural and varied population. As I recall, the USDA issued a permit for this release, provided that the butterflies were locally produced or lab raised. But were they in fact lab raised? I heard rumors that they had been captured in California after all, as the lab was unable to provide such a quantity so early in the year. There's no point going back over all that ... I'm sure it's archived somewhere and it was all pretty unpleasant. That said, may I add in defense of the counts, that the experts stay with the neophytes and that nobody takes their sightings seriously ... any more than one permits a bird dog to decides which birds you'll shoot at. Beaters and native bearers; that's what they are. We do it for fun. Like most sorts of fun, it's fine as long as it doesn't interfere with somebody else's fun. Peace Anne Kilmer South Florida From walter at rmi.net Tue Mar 30 12:09:14 1999 From: walter at rmi.net (Ryan Walters) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 10:09:14 -0700 Subject: Specimens, subspecies, and GPS References: <990326055912.ZM13590@Gochfeld>, <21389-36FBF946-5@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net> Message-ID: <3701053A.F17F715E@rmi.net> If you use GPS for a while it becomes fairly normal to know where the location. I use both place names and coordinates on my lables. Current GPS systems should be within the hundred dollar mark before to long so not terribly expensive. I will bet that the good maps from DeLorrimie or the USGS will merge these two in the next years (more than now). This is going to come about whether we like it or not. Secondly place names are not stable, they are political fictions for a certain time while GPS notes a discrete location on a sphere. Plus most GPS systems cas tap into 4 satelites and give altitude. Esther Cornelius wrote: > A GPS location for ssp name would require a reference to find the > location, (but I admit that I use a map to find other locations so > there'e not much difference). Otherwise my only objection is that it > sounds so non-visual, and would become difficult to distinguish from any > other location/name. I vote no on GPS and yes for place names. Where do > I send my ballot? > Bill (alias Esther) > > PS: it's her website.(jeez!) From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Tue Mar 30 14:23:14 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 11:23:14 -0800 Subject: Phyciodes pulchella vs pulchellus Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F8F@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Can someone with the necessary linguistic knowledge and knowledge of the IUZN grammatical 'rules' shed light on which of pulchella or pulchellus is rule-compliant ?? The rationale for selecting the rule-compliant name would be appreciated. many thx ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Tue Mar 30 15:14:10 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 15:14:10 -0500 Subject: Specimens, subspecies, and GPS References: <990326055912.ZM13590@Gochfeld>, <21389-36FBF946-5@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net> <3701053A.F17F715E@rmi.net> Message-ID: I think that the use of GPS will become much more widespread in the next few years. Who knows, we may all end up with implantable tracers so that Big Brother will know where everyone of us is at any time. You can even see why this might be a useful attachment to errant children. New GPS techniques allow location down to less than one meter, which is far more than anyone needs for butterfly studies or labels. However, I can't yet confirm that altitude is useful. At least at sea level my $275 Garmin is very poor at altitude. It knows the difference between 0 and 1000', but cannot match even a cheap altimeter. That may be a fault of my instrument or location or elevation. M. Gochfeld From timbukt2 at excite.com Tue Mar 30 15:16:25 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 12:16:25 PST Subject: Fool's Scepter Message-ID: <922824985.22264.468@excite.com> Now, now,...some of us are still watching the other hand in this shell game, even if Makula is 'wrong,' he is still exercising a healthy temperament of the season: "...I would express the hope that he may never recover, for by his cure we should lose not only the knight's good company, but also the drollery of his squire Sancho Panza, which is enough to transfrom melancholy itself into mirth." (Don Quixote of La Mancha, p. 415) Keeping bandwidth to a minimum: The Survival Of The Fool In Modern Heroic Fantasy (www) _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From jmason at ink.org Tue Mar 30 15:16:44 1999 From: jmason at ink.org (Jim Mason) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 14:16:44 -0600 Subject: Ironic indeed Message-ID: <003901be7aea$3e0c9320$c49ec9a5@JimM.wp.state.ks.us> Those wishing to pump up the scientific usefulness of the 4th of July count should seek to limit the variables as much as possible. For instance, here in Wichita and in Missouri the counters follow a given track each time to standardize the area covered. Yes, the weather can either torpedo or embellish the results, but researchers can allow for that by looking at the recorded conditions for the count. For those involved over several years, the influence of weather becomes quite apparent and this is itself a good learning experience. Yes, the available personnel vary widely in their abilities and that makes a tremendous difference. Skill levels have to be worked on each year. Self-policing is greater than you might think. All this is no different than the Christmas bird counts. I am sure that the latter had shaky beginnings also. While the pros may sneer at the "bumbling amateurs", at least SOMEONE is out there looking in lots of places on a regular basis and data is being recorded for anyone to use and not squirreled away in a technical paper somewhere. I would ask critics to suggest another way to organize and focus the interest of novices and hobbyists in an enjoyable, constructive and non-consumptive way. Jim Mason jmason at ink.org From Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca Tue Mar 30 15:42:45 1999 From: Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca (Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 12:42:45 -0800 Subject: Ironic Indeed Message-ID: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F94@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Since my feathers have recovered from the last flaming, I will risk a new scorching by having the temerity to express the deliberately provocative view that it would be wonderful to have a whole lot more people out and about, observing butterflies and sharing their information with others - be they "bumbling amateurs" or "arrogant researchers". And before you light the torch, be advised that no, I do not think that all amateurs are bumbling and I do not think that all researchers are arrogant. All merely Earthlings and hopefully common interest in butterflies will help to compensate for differing knowledge levels, values and idiosyncracies ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Norbert Kondla P.Biol., RPBio. Forest Ecosystem Specialist, Ministry of Environment 845 Columbia Avenue, Castlegar, British Columbia V1N 1H3 Phone 250-365-8610 Mailto:Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca http://www.env.gov.bc.ca From habitatdesigns at hotmail.com Tue Mar 30 16:00:07 1999 From: habitatdesigns at hotmail.com (Paulette Haywood) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 13:00:07 PST Subject: Ironic indeed Message-ID: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> I have found the 4th of July Count data very helpful for locating several butterfly species (as well as the people who know where they are). By comparing information from specific counts across several years, I can get a pretty good idea whether the species regularly occurs at that site or was just "flying by" one year. Paulette Haywood Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From butrfly at epix.net Tue Mar 30 19:22:03 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 16:22:03 -0800 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <003901be7aea$3e0c9320$c49ec9a5@JimM.wp.state.ks.us> Message-ID: <37016AAB.4D82@epix.net> Perhaps my first message was a bit wordy. Once again, is the collected information from the 4th of July count actually doing any good? Is there any real scientific data being generated from these counts. I do not feel that it should be stopped, Gosh no, because it is creating awareness. But does the rest of the butterfly world have to revolve around a one day count. Thank goodness I put on my asbestoes suit this morning before I hit the old send button. Rick From butrfly at epix.net Tue Mar 30 19:50:22 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 16:50:22 -0800 Subject: I never said that References: <60F1FEB31CA3D211A1B60008C7A45F43A40F94@blaze.bcsc.gov.bc.ca> Message-ID: <3701714E.1380@epix.net> Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX wrote: >be they "bumbling amateurs" or "arrogant researchers". And before you light the > torch, be advised that no, I do not think that all amateurs are bumbling and > I do not think that all researchers are arrogant. Please also be advised that I never used or insinuated these terms. I only stated that the exposure I had in trying to assist others with their counts left me with a little concern as to the accuracy of their findings. They were good hearted people trying to help butterflies. May whichever deity they subcribe to bless them and give them long useful lives. But naturally I am going to get flamed for anything that I post. That's life. Rick From butrfly at epix.net Tue Mar 30 20:00:45 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 17:00:45 -0800 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: <370173BD.7AD5@epix.net> Paulette Haywood wrote: > > I have found the 4th of July Count data very helpful for locating > several butterfly species (as well as the people who know where they > are). By comparing information from specific counts across several > years, I can get a pretty good idea whether the species regularly occurs > at that site or was just "flying by" one year. Paulette These specific counts you mentioned, were they only the naba 4th of July counts or were others involved. If your information came from the 4th counts, Then great!!!!! Someone actually answered my original question. All I wanted to know is if in fact they are serving a real purpose. I sincerely hope the information you received was accurate. It sounds as if it was for you. Rick From paulcher at concentric.net Tue Mar 30 09:01:51 1999 From: paulcher at concentric.net (Paul Cherubini) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 14:01:51 +0000 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: <3700D94F.1D99@concentric.net> Paulette Haywood wrote: > > I have found the 4th of July Count data very helpful for locating > several butterfly species (as well as the people who know where they > are). By comparing information from specific counts across several > years, I can get a pretty good idea whether the species regularly occurs > at that site or was just "flying by" one year. Good points and I agree. Another example: Ann Swengle's annual organized summer counts have provided good data suggesting monarch populations have been stable in eastern North America for the past 20+ years. I believe what Rick Mikula was suggesting is that misidentifications on NABA counts are fairly common rather than rare. With this degree of background noise, there isn't any scientific basis behind the claim made by some NABA scientists that the 60,000 butterflies, bred and released gradually by butterfly breeders scattered throughout the hundreds of thousands of square miles of central North America over a 9 month period could interfere with those counts. The common sense mathmatics of the situation (e.g. one extra butterfly raised and released per dozens of square miles of land) simply don't support that claim. The irony is that the concerned Ph.D scientists in question are not taking an objective, quantitative approach to evaluating the situation and in presenting their case to the public as one might expect from such highly qualified individuals. Instead, we see Ph.D authors like Paul Opler, Jeff Glassberg and Bob Pyle making emotional, frightening statements to the public (see www.naba.org web site) like: "Imagine tens of thousands of monarchs unable to find their way to the overwintering sites". Paul Cherubini, El Dorado, California From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Tue Mar 30 17:36:38 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 14:36:38 -0800 Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? Message-ID: The subject says it all. I got an urgent question a few minutes ago as to whether it was true that silkworm feces, which is high in chlorophyll, was used as a whitening agent during cheese manufacturing. I'd like to confirm it one way or the other. Peace, Doug Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 phone: (909) 787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chap. 82 From fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu Tue Mar 30 17:44:11 1999 From: fnkwp at aurora.alaska.edu (Kenelm Philip) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 13:44:11 -0900 (AKST) Subject: Specimens, subspecies, and GPS Message-ID: Actually, you don't necessarily have to have a GPS in order to know your lat/long coordinates. I was scaling those off USGS quads for years before I acquired a GPS unit. And, since the elevations provided by GPS are essentially worthless, you would normally use the quad to find your elevation (simple when you know the coords), unless you carry an altimeter _and_ keep it calibrated. Regarding the instability of place names--that applies mainly to small towns, which do sometimes vanish. Landscape features (mountains, rivers, lakes) tend to be fairly stable over time (except in these PC days when some names are being changed because they are perceived as objection- able). There is, by the way, another reason why the use of lat/long coords is becoming useful. There are now a number of mapping programs (including my own 'RangeMapper') which can rapidly plot _large_ numbers of collection sites on outline maps--but they require some kind of numerical coordinates for the sites, and lat/long is one of the standards. Ken Philip fnkwp at uaf.edu From dyanega at pop.ucr.edu Tue Mar 30 17:33:52 1999 From: dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 14:33:52 -0800 Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? Message-ID: The subject says it all. I got an urgent question a few minutes ago as to whether it was true that silkworm feces, which is high in chlorophyll, was used as a whitening agent during cheese manufacturing. This seems a little too weird to be an urban myth, but I'd like to confirm it one way or the other. Doug "getting the hang of it" Yanega Dept. of Entomology Entomology Research Museum Univ. of California Riverside, CA 92521 909-787-4315 http://www.icb.ufmg.br/~dyanega/ "There are some enterprises in which a careful disorderliness is the true method" - Herman Melville, Moby Dick From aa6g at aa6g.org Tue Mar 30 10:06:37 1999 From: aa6g at aa6g.org (Chuck Vaughn) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 15:06:37 +0000 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> <3700D94F.1D99@concentric.net> Message-ID: <3700E862.6965@aa6g.org> Paulette Haywood wrote: > > > > I have found the 4th of July Count data very helpful for locating > > several butterfly species (as well as the people who know where they > > are). By comparing information from specific counts across several > > years, I can get a pretty good idea whether the species regularly occurs > > at that site or was just "flying by" one year. I have to agree with Rick that a one day count once a year is going to miss species that are not in the adult stage. I don't think it will give you a good idea of regularly occuring species. For a case in point, I've been observing Papilio zelicaon at Coyote Hills Regional Park in Fremont, CA for almost 15 years now. The adults are not constantly present during the spring and summer. It's common to see many adults for a week or two and none at all for a couple weeks until the next generation reaches adulthood. If the 4th of July happened to correspond to an inbetween period a few years in a row it would be easy but incorrect to conclude that zelicaon was no longer there. I had just such an experience with Papilio eurymedon at Chews Ridge in the central coast range. I go up there about once a month during the summer for astronomy for the past 10 years. I saw eurymedon once or twice a summer for the first 5 years or so and then none at all for 4 years. Last summer on trip I saw a half dozen in just a few minutes. I was beginning to think they weren't there anymore but I was wrong. Chuck Vaughn From mrfeld at cmsinter.net Tue Mar 30 19:06:36 1999 From: mrfeld at cmsinter.net (MF) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 19:06:36 -0500 Subject: first sighting Message-ID: <3701670C.A6BFD492@cmsinter.net> I wanted to share that I spotted a Mourning Cloak in Nashville, Michigan last Saturday afternoon. It was quite the sight, sunning itself on a patch of sunlight on the bark of a Maple tree. From mrfeld at cmsinter.net Tue Mar 30 19:17:00 1999 From: mrfeld at cmsinter.net (MF) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 19:17:00 -0500 Subject: [Fwd:about the Melissa virus] Message-ID: <3701697C.6FE2C1A2@cmsinter.net> -------------- next part -------------- An embedded message was scrubbed... From: shrirama at my-dejanews.com Subject: Re: Melissa virus Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1999 11:12:36 GMT Size: 1828 Url: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990330/68d9260b/attachment.mht From butrfly at epix.net Tue Mar 30 22:07:28 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 19:07:28 -0800 Subject: I apologize Message-ID: <37019170.1A50@epix.net> In my one reply it appeared that Norbert Kondla used the phrase "bumbling amateurs", but it was Mr Mason. I apologize if this lead anyone to a wrong impression. Thank you to all who agreed with me in private. Rick Mikula From soowon at nature.berkeley.edu Tue Mar 30 19:28:33 1999 From: soowon at nature.berkeley.edu (Soowon Cho) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 16:28:33 -0800 (PST) Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Dear Dr. Yanega: I don't know if it is used as a chees whitener, but I know it is used as a medicine for diabetes. Sincerely, Soowon Cho U. C. Berkeley ESPM-Insect Biol. 201 Wellman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720-3112 soowon at nature.berkeley.edu http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/~soowon/welcome.html From stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu Tue Mar 30 18:33:00 1999 From: stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu (Deborah Stevenson) Date: 30 Mar 1999 23:33:00 GMT Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? References: Message-ID: <7drmvc$hft$1@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> In dyanega at pop.ucr.edu (Doug Yanega) writes: >The subject says it all. I got an urgent question a few minutes ago as to >whether it was true that silkworm feces, which is high in chlorophyll, was >used as a whitening agent during cheese manufacturing. This seems a little >too weird to be an urban myth, but I'd like to confirm it one way or the >other. Can't say for sure, but here are my thoughts nonetheless, this being Usenet and all. This specific claim isn't on PETA's animadversions list. What *is* there, however, is the following: "Silk powder is obtained from the secretion of the silkworm. It is used as a coloring agent in face powders, soaps, etc." While I don't consider the source authoritative, I'm prepared to go with that thought for the moment; certainly "silk protein" is being bandied about promiscuously at the moment and we seem to be squeezing those little worms dry of everything they've got. I am lamentably uninformed on the extrusions of the silkworm until they turn into blouses and skirts, so I'm not really in a position to debate the poop/secretion dichotomy, and I'm baffled as to how one would attach the diapers anyway. So I'll leave that for vermiform experts. So for me the question now is whether said silk powder is actually appearing in cheese, and if so, which cheese. Most cheeses aren't supposed to be white and the effort is made to tint it in the other direction (Steve Jenkins, in _The Cheese Primer_, outlines cheese coloration practices). Nor could I find any indication that silkworms are the source of any component of vegetable rennet, which was my early thought. So either it's not a whitener, it's not in cheese at all, or it's appearing only in cheese that really needs to be white, of which there's not all that much. And it's not in Philly Cream Cheese, as far as I can tell from the label. So much for my at-hand white cheese sample. Of course, we don't know if the stuff is majorly cheap or comparatively expensive, do we? I don't know whether the likely suspects are house-brand cream cheeses or fancy high-end stuff. Frankly, I doubt that the artisanal chevre folks are much for dumping in silk powder. I would recommend that the questioning individual turn his gaze to your majorly manufactured "Giggling Goat"-type cheeses in the supermarket dairy case. It may be that if it's used as a coloration agent it'll simply be entered under "natural colors," however, as annatto seems to be for the orange cheeses. Abstract: I don't know. Here are vaguely relevant speculations. Deborah Stevenson (stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu) From timbukt2 at excite.com Tue Mar 30 21:03:18 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 18:03:18 PST Subject: For R. Mikula Message-ID: <922845798.11832.760@excite.com> Rick, I can't believe that you are apologizing. For what? Bumbling amateurs exist. Anemic cloistered dons of academia, scared to death that someone else may find out the truth about plagiarism, exist (at least Jacuqes Lacan, the autodidact, was an honest plagiarizer). So, I am saying it's a wonderfully crazy time of year (everyone's a little crazy), and we are (me included) approaching those we meet on this street in cyberspace like Paul Klee's piece that shows two guys, each not quite sure of the other's social status, competing with each other to see how far they can bow while shaking hands. :) This is hilarious, and so, so human. But I am attempting to bring to light something easy to lose sight of: man's marvelous capacity for critique, to look with a skeptical eye at things, even in a healthy debate, while not letting it be so serious. As a female taoist adept has stated: "..the affairs of a puppet-play should not be taken too seriously," (it would be a great spring event to see an old-time Punch and Judy show again, like in early England) We are going too far overboard in calling such things a flame, when we should be laughing at ourselves much much more!. We are above the bees and butterflies in many ways. This Fool's Scepter, there's even a butterfly in the essay I mentioned earlier: "Interestingly, the one immediately recognizable fooling heroic fantasy appears in The Last Unicorn only briefly and is a slightly mad butterfly (The Many Worlds...32-34). This delightfully blithe figure identifies himself as a roving gambler and brings laughter to the Unicorn for the first time in her arduous quest. He misdirects, rhymes, riddles, puns, and sings, all motion, whim and impulse, before his madness suddenly vanishes for a moment, and he warns the Unicorn of the dread forces that await." _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From godley at hotmail.com Tue Mar 30 21:44:34 1999 From: godley at hotmail.com (Laurel Godley) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 18:44:34 PST Subject: bumbling amateurs and buzzing insects Message-ID: <19990331024435.27398.qmail@hotmail.com> Charles, What a nice summary from The Last Unicorn. I'd never picked up on that before. We are all a little crazy aren't we, puntuated by moments of lucidity?!? Well I speak for myself of coarse. But are we really so much above the bees and butterflies? I often feel they serve more function in the scheme of thing, whatever that maybe, than we humans do. Perhaps someday we will evolve enough as a species to stop being so anthropocentric, perhaps not. As for bumbling amateurs... Rick can vouch for that fact that a little over a year ago, I was just such a person myself. Well I still am in many ways. I knew little or nothing about lepidoptera outside my college biology TA's research on insect/plant pollination and adaptation. I even think her research was mostly on adaptive orchid morphology and bees. Rick, I think your work with butterflies, educating children, working with "special" needs groups and adults alike qualifies you for patron sainthood (in whatever religious practice or non practice you follow!) I, for one, am delighted to know you, and thrilled by the interest you've sparked. I thoroughly enjoy the world of lepidoptera you've opened to me and am seriously considering graduate studies in the field, right after I finish my MBA... Maybe that undergrad degree in agi science will finally do me some good. Anyway, try not to worry about the flaming, you'll always have my thanks. Don't forget to visit next time you come to San Francisco! Best Wishes... Laurel >Rick, I can't believe that you are apologizing. For what? Bumbling amateurs >exist. Anemic cloistered dons of academia, scared to death that someone else >may find out the truth about plagiarism, exist We are going too far overboard in calling such things >a flame, when we should be laughing at ourselves much much more!. We are >above the bees and butterflies in many ways. This Fool's Scepter, there's >even a butterfly in the essay I mentioned earlier: > > "Interestingly, the one immediately recognizable fooling heroic fantasy >appears in The Last Unicorn only briefly and is a slightly mad butterfly >(The Many Worlds...32-34). This delightfully blithe figure identifies >himself as a roving gambler and brings laughter to the Unicorn for the first >time in her arduous quest. He misdirects, rhymes, riddles, puns, and sings, >all motion, whim and impulse, before his madness suddenly vanishes for a >moment, and he warns the Unicorn of the dread forces that await." Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com From timbukt2 at excite.com Tue Mar 30 22:14:39 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 19:14:39 PST Subject: The Entomopathogen Cordyceps Message-ID: <922850079.8630.800@excite.com> Yes, Soowon Cho, it is good to see that others are posting who are interested in natural medicine sources. I am an amateur interested in plants and fungi. "Cordyceps sinensis is the fungus currently recognized in China. It grows on the caterpillar larvae of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera, especially the moth species Hepialus armoricanus Obertheir. The thread-like ascospores are released from asci during the summer months, before segmenting into part-spores. Each part-spore may germinate when landing on a suitable host. The germ-tube penetrates into the larva, entering the circulatory system. Once the larva has gone underground the fungus proliferates by yeast-like budding until the larva is killed. The mycelium is formed and the body of the larva becomes sclerotioid to withstand the winter. As the slerotium develops, the inner organs of the larva are destroyed, leaving the exoskeleton intact. The fungus is collected during the summer months when the stroma emerges from the sclerotium, i.e., the larval body. The stroma apex emerges above ground level, amongst leaf litter or grass, often from the soft soil under trees. About 35 species of Cordyceps have been found in China. Some have been used as an alternative to the 'Caterpillar Fungus' tonic, e.g., C. barnesii Thwaites ex Berk. & Broome on beetle larvae of Lamellicornia, and C. militaris(L : Fr.)Link on pupae of Lepidoptera. However, Cordyceps sinensis growing on Hepialus armoricanus, found in Sichuan Province, is said to be the best in quality although this species has also been found in Tibet, Gansu, Qinghai and Yunnan Provinces. Much effort by several groups in China has been made in recent years to culture the fungus and other species of Cordyceps, and to determine their medicinal properties. Success in pure culture or growing the fungus through the suitable larva can be expected in the near future." (The Chinese 'Caterpillar Fungus,' D.N. Pegler, Y.J. Yao, and Y. Li, Mycologist, February, 1994, V.8, Pt. 1, p. 3). Actually, the first successful completion of the Cordyceps life cycle on semi-defined media occured in 1911, when the Sopp, a Norwegian, first obtained stroma(fruit bodies) in the laboratory on colustrum. As far back as 1949, and then again recently, several Japanese workers obtained stroma by artificial inoculation of pupae. It seems that a Cordyceps strain from Tibet has been chosen in the first large-scale production of the compounds from Cordyceps for the current world market. This new industry is claiming that their product is superior because it is 'purer,' being grown under controlled conditions. On the other hand, as Pegler, Yao, and Li state:.."Because the whole 'Caterpillar Fungus' is used, not just the fungus, it is possible that other resident micro-organisms may also play a role in the medicinal effect." There is a paradox. Any outbreak of Cordyceps in the butterfly house may be more of a blessing than a curse. The Chinese ideogram is the same for both "crisis" and "opportunity." Cordyceps as a medicine has a long tradition in TCM, and is a clinically proven medicine(see Medline). I think that once one has seen what it can do, they will see why it has always carried a 'royal medicine' theme with its use and mention, and in 1736 its cost was more than four times its weight in silver. Unduly putting a high price on something, though, or making it 'scarce,' can backfire. There is a treatise by a 17th century Chinese pysician that warns of the dangers of ginseng, in that he had seen the price of it increase ten-fold during his lifetime, engendering treachery, greed and poverty. The Chinese are not without their competitive side, for if one looks closely, they will see that there is a vying for the 'best' Cordyceps between provinces. C. yunnanensis vs. ? Which leads me to my point: European physicians visiting early America were both fascinated and appalled to see both our awesome medicinal plant wealth, and our ignorance and apathy about it. In North America, while we are focusing on the 'exotic,' from Asia, from South America, from Europe, our knowledge of our own Cordyceps species may flounder just as it has done with our medicinal plants. Undoubtedly, a few more new species will be described from N.A. So, this is something that we can add to our field studies. If anyone has access to the very early volumes (or microfilm) of the journal Mycologia, one can read of the American Cordyceps pioneer, E. B. Mains. I hope to be adding to this Cordyceps file with references as I come across them. This is interesting: To grow a host plant that it also a medicinal, and obtain butterflies or moths, while at the same time, in addition, have the option of obtaining one of the four traditional Chinese tonic medicines that in 1993 was used to prove for the first time ever, and scientifically, that HIV/AIDS is a reversible disease. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From rejohnsn at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu Tue Mar 30 21:47:29 1999 From: rejohnsn at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu (rejohnsn at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 20:47:29 -0600 Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? References: Message-ID: On Tue, 30 Mar 1999, Doug Yanega wrote: > The subject says it all. I got an urgent question a few minutes ago as to > whether it was true that silkworm feces, which is high in chlorophyll, was > used as a whitening agent during cheese manufacturing. This seems a little > too weird to be an urban myth, but I'd like to confirm it one way or the > other. My understanding of cheese color is that most, if not all, cheese starts out white, and then acquires color through aging or additives (i.e., annatto [sp?] in a lot of mass-produced "cheddars"). Cheers, Rebecca J. Ph.D. candidate, Dept. of Anthropology, U Iowa UE local 896 - COGS Open your eyes and take in everything that you can see Look at all the colors -- there's yellow, blue, and green We can take an airplane and fly across the globe Look down upon the colors; everyone must go. -- Bubbles From soowon at nature.berkeley.edu Wed Mar 31 02:18:37 1999 From: soowon at nature.berkeley.edu (Soowon Cho) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1999 23:18:37 -0800 (PST) Subject: The Entomopathogen Cordyceps In-Reply-To: <922850079.8630.800@excite.com> Message-ID: Dear Mr. Gavette: Cordyceps of Korea has been studied by Dr. Sung, Jae-Mo at Kangwon National University where the Bank of Cordyceps is. He published "the Korean Cordyceps" last year. This field-guide-like book includes descriptions of each species in Korean, with color pictures for identification. It is now being translated into English by his co-author from Cornell University (?). When it is ready, it will be published from the Cornell Univ. Press, if I remember correctly. ps: Silkworm's fecal material has been tested and clinically proved for its effectiveness in diabetes by a governmental research center. Sincerely, Soowon Cho U. C. Berkeley ESPM-Insect Biol. 201 Wellman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720-3112 soowon at nature.berkeley.edu http://www.cnr.berkeley.edu/~soowon/welcome.html On Tue, 30 Mar 1999, Charles Gavette wrote: > > Yes, Soowon Cho, it is good to see that others are posting who are > interested in natural medicine sources. I am an amateur interested in plants > and fungi. > > "Cordyceps sinensis is the fungus currently recognized in China. It grows > on the caterpillar larvae of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera, > especially the moth species Hepialus armoricanus Obertheir. The thread-like ... > There is a paradox. Any outbreak of Cordyceps in the butterfly house may > be more of a blessing than a curse. The Chinese ideogram is the same for > both "crisis" and "opportunity." Cordyceps as a medicine has a long > tradition in TCM, and is a clinically proven medicine(see Medline). I ... From dbd at panacea.phys.utk.edu Wed Mar 31 01:16:31 1999 From: dbd at panacea.phys.utk.edu (David DeLaney) Date: 31 Mar 1999 06:16:31 GMT Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? References: , Message-ID: <7dsejv$gae$1@gaia.ns.utk.edu> writes: >My understanding of cheese color is that most, if not all, cheese starts >out white, and then acquires color through aging or additives (i.e., >annatto [sp?] in a lot of mass-produced "cheddars"). Supporting datapoint: I work at Subway. Our cheese is white. "White American", to be exact - it's American cheese without food coloring or dyes ... and almost nobody can identify it by looking at it [they think it's, variously, Swiss, provolone, mozzarella, etc.]. Many people, for some reason, can't even identify it after tasting it, though it tastes like "ordinary" yellow-dyed American cheese... Dave "I don't know - what do _you_ want to do tonight, Brain?" DeLaney -- \/David DeLaney dbd at panacea.phys.utk.edu "It's not the pot that grows the flower It's not the clock that slows the hour The definition's plain for anyone to see Love is all it takes to make a family" - R&P. VISUALIZE HAPPYNET VRbeable http://panacea.phys.utk.edu/~dbd/ - net.legends FAQ/ I WUV you in all CAPS! --K. From Andrea.Knebel at Biologie.uni-bielefeld.de Wed Mar 31 05:09:54 1999 From: Andrea.Knebel at Biologie.uni-bielefeld.de (ANDREA KNEBEL) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 10:09:54 +0000 Subject: a new book on Leps Message-ID: Hello everyone, there is a new book on the market, maybe someone is interested. Andrea -------------------------------------------------------------- Fauna Sinica (??????????) Insecta Vol.15 (?????? ????????) Lepidoptera (??????) Geometridae and Larentiinae (?????? ??????????) Edited by Xue Dayong & Zhu Hongfu Published in 1999 ISBN: 1090 pages + XXV plates with 1197 figures ISBN: 7-03-006779-7/Q.803 Size: 187x260mm // Hardback // Price: US$82+$15(Postage) ************************************************************************* Chinese Edition with English abstracts (p.961- 1049 English) Chinese Edition with English abstracts (p.961- 1049) English Abstract including: : Keys A list of new species and subspecies, the Taxa new to the Fauna of China and Other Nomenclatural Changes Description of New Species and subspecies. The present work deals with 130 genera and 715 species of the subfamily in the fauna of China. Of which, 23 species and 3 subspecies are described as new to science, 12 genera and 74 species and subspecies are recorded as new to fauna of China. Some nomenclatural changes are made in the present work. Besides the external morphology descriptions, the keys to families of Geometroidea, to subfamilies of Geometridae, to genera of Larentiinae and to species as well as subspecies of each genus are provided; the geographical distribution and where known, the biology and habits have been listed in the text; the original description and if have had, the synonyms and the nominal transitions of each taxon has been cited. The male and female genitalia of most species, the venations of most genera and other external characters have been illusterated. The color photos of most species and subspeci How to Order ! ********************************************************************************** * Mail Order: Huayu Center for Environmental Information Services P.O.Box 4088, Beijing 100001, P.R. China. *Fax Order: +86-10-68575909 E-mail: hceis@ mx.cei.gov.cn Payment: from check or bank transfer on receipt of book. ********************************************************************************** From Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net Wed Mar 31 03:37:54 1999 From: Barrie.Harwood at tesco.net (Barrie Harwood) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 09:37:54 +0100 Subject: Interested in livestock ? Message-ID: <7dsmt7$r3l$1@epos.tesco.net> Hello all If any of you are interested in rearing living butterflies and moths, it's well worth joining the Entomological Livestock Group, (the ELG). This non-profit making org. is run from the UK but has an international membership. The web-site can be found at www.pwbelg.clara.net/index.html or eMail Paul Batty for further details at pwbelg at clara.co.uk Members receive a fortnightly newsletter containing member livestock sales and wants, (usually quite a large number). This is sent by post or eMail. Hope this is of use and interest to all the Leps breeders out there Regards Barrie From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Wed Mar 31 03:11:52 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 04:11:52 -0400 Subject: NABA 4JC In-Reply-To: "Paulette Haywood" "Re: Ironic indeed" (Mar 30, 1:00pm) References: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: <990331041202.ZM13710@Gochfeld> The NABA 4th of July counts are patterned for better or worse on the Audubons Society Christmas bird counts, hence the 15 mile diameter circles. Those counts began about a hundred years ago. There is now a substantial literature on the strengths and limitations of extracting "scientific" information from those counts. With appropriate caveats they have proven quite useful in a number of respects. There are also , breeding bird census routes which were scientifically designed to sample bird populations in a repeatable fashion, but these too have their limitations. Ann Swengel has published a number of concise reports (back cover of NABA's "American Butterflies") intepreting the 4JC data for species such as the Monarch (readily identified by almost all participants). I think one should assume that like any data there are quality questions, but that the sheer mass of data, and the long term trends they document, makes them worthwhile. Butterfly censusing is more vulnerable to phenology and weather than bird censusing, but attempts to make counts comparable from year to year, are being encouraged. M. Gochfeld From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Wed Mar 31 03:20:35 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 04:20:35 -0400 Subject: A second answer on NABA 4JC In-Reply-To: Rick Mikula "Ironic indeed" (Mar 30, 4:22pm) References: <003901be7aea$3e0c9320$c49ec9a5@JimM.wp.state.ks.us> <37016AAB.4D82@epix.net> Message-ID: <990331042048.ZM13710@Gochfeld> In response to Rick Mikula's statement. The rest of the world doesn't have to revolve around the 4JC (or anything else for that matter, except perhaps, the sun). Ornithology does not revolve around Christmas Bird counts. Indeed, it is my recommendation that the best census data would come from weekly censusing of one or more selected parcels throughout the season, thereby capturing the unique phenologic sequences of butterfly populations, which the 4JC inevitably miss. Moreover, if we are preserving habitats such as parks, forests, or gardens, we should be using these as repeated census units, rather than the arbitrary 15 mile circles, which may have made sense for birds, but not for butterflies. The scientific value of the 4JC like in their widespread distribution, repeated timing, and in some cases 20+ years of data. M. Gochfeld From gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu Wed Mar 31 03:25:10 1999 From: gochfeld at eohsi.rutgers.edu (Michael Gochfeld) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 04:25:10 -0400 Subject: Butterfly releases vs NABA counts In-Reply-To: Paul Cherubini "Re: Ironic indeed" (Mar 30, 2:01pm) References: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> <3700D94F.1D99@concentric.net> Message-ID: <990331042519.ZM13710@Gochfeld> I don't follow the logic regarding the non-effect of releases on count data. Since releases occur at a single point, one would have to argue that the butterflies then disperse completely uniformly over an infinitely large area (almost) in an infinitely short period of time. If releases occur close to an shortly before a count they could well influence the count results significantly. If they occur far from a count (or after it), they probably won't. M. Gochfeld From butrfly at epix.net Wed Mar 31 09:11:54 1999 From: butrfly at epix.net (Rick Mikula) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 06:11:54 -0800 Subject: NABA 4JC References: <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> <990331041202.ZM13710@Gochfeld> Message-ID: <37022D2A.6930@epix.net> Michael Gochfeld wrote: > > The NABA 4th of July counts are patterned for better or worse on the > Audubons Society Christmas bird counts, hence the 15 mile diameter > circles. ...... >There are also, breeding bird census routes which were >scientifically designed to sample bird populations in a repeatable fashion, > but these too have their limitations. Having studied Ornithology at Cornell I was well involved with these counts and census. I remember standing on at the stern of a boat out over the Hudson Canyon as the "old timers" in the pre-dawn hours would identify pelagic birds merely by the sounds of their wing beats. They could have been 100% wrong, who knew? But boy it was fun. On other occassions I drew many odd stares from fishermen as they watched me extend my fishing pole with a mirror fixed to the end to check on my nests. However this thread seems to be slipping towards a Releasers vs naba and that was not the original intent of my posting. Thats a whole different kettle of yellow throated warblers. Rick Mikula From MWalker at gensym.com Wed Mar 31 09:40:22 1999 From: MWalker at gensym.com (Mark Walker) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 09:40:22 -0500 Subject: Monstrosity Message-ID: <45F8A30CE009D2118F850000F805064D8FE304@hqmail.gensym.com> I can't believe I'm responding to this thread, but then there you go. I'm one of those inane posters who are just waiting for an opportunity to hear themselves write. Huh? When I first saw this, my first reaction was to ignore it. Most of the ideas written here I gave up when I stopped doing drugs. Then again, after thinking about it a little longer... You know, most of the Interstate was engineered for travel at speeds in excess of 100 mph. Most of it is wide enough to support the transporting of full battalions (that crazy dude in Libya is said to be doing the same thing with an underground aqueduct). It's probably a good idea, when you consider what it might mean to national security. Concrete arteries connecting all of the major cities. It's a little disturbing to think that these sorts of decisions were being made in a covert fashion. Still, the highway system would work just as well for invading enemies - so I'm not so sure it's that good of an idea. Of course, the WWII engineers couldn't possibly have anticipated the one real threat to the U.S. Interstate system - commuter traffic!! Makes it as impassable as the Grand Canyon itself. What it all means to the butterfly is not clear. If the original author is suggesting that because of modern transportation, the habitats of the world are all destined for destruction, I suppose I would have to agree. But one could argue that it is humankind itself (at least in it's present condition - bent on self-will) that in it's beginnings put the machine in motion for the destruction of the global eco-system. The advancement of transportation that took place early this century is only a phase - the onset of the age of communication just another. Paranoia is an understandable condition, given the writing on the wall. But I don't personally see how this sort of warning can be taken seriously. There is no stopping the machine, short of the destruction of humankind itself. No one is going to stop driving, stop fast-fooding, or give up any of the other conveniences that the machine has provided. Even the most outspoken environmentalists still put on Fruit-Of-The-Looms (and one leg at a time). They eat cardboard noodles from a styrofoam cup when there's not enough time, or not enough on the shelf. They still expect their waste materials to disappear when they flush. They expect someone else to be held responsible when the infrastructure they depend on starts to break down. So it really is quite hypocritical to point fingers when describing the ugliness of it all. We're all guilty, and we're not going back to the horse drawn carriage. Sorry for the digression. What can I say, maybe flashbacks? Hey, man. Pray. Now that's a solution. Mark Walker Mission Viejo, CA > -----Original Message----- > From: Rev Chuck [SMTP:cdub at -REMOVE_THIS-erols.com] > Sent: Sunday, March 28, 1999 5:59 AM > To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu > Subject: Re: Monstrosity > > Charles Gavette wrote: > > [snip] > > > The U.S. Interstate System is the largest monument ever built to late > > capitalism. This monument and its use is the leading cause of > environmental > > degredation, unless the challenger be a collective apathy fueled by > greed, > > pride and the ever-popular exploitive ego. This relentless machine is > not > > offering solutions to the problem it is leaving behind: "Do the work, > > however haphazardly, get your money, and go to the next place," seems > the > > scenario. When was the last time anyone reading this seriously > considered > > some of the devastating parameters of fossil fuel use? What does it do > to > > the human mind? > > FWIW, look carefully at U.S. interstate highway design, then look at > that of the pre-WWII German Autobahn. Eerily alike, and no more > identical are the two systems than when the Pennsylvania Turnpike is > compared. > > Note how both systems convert an oversized parcel of land into a > superwide highway separated by a large median strip. The German > military's strategy was that if an enemy dropped bombs, damage > would never be so severe that the road couldn't be put back into > operation within an hour's repair time. > > -- > Nothing says you're insane like prayer. > Rev Chuck, Alt.Atheism #203, Ordained Reverend, ULC, 17 March, 1997. > Remove -REMOVE_THIS- from address to respond. From swrctmo at iamerica.net Wed Mar 31 10:48:31 1999 From: swrctmo at iamerica.net (TMOliver) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 15:48:31 GMT Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? References: , Message-ID: <370244FA.F26551F9@iamerica.net> rejohnsn at blue.weeg.uiowa.edu wrote: > > On Tue, 30 Mar 1999, Doug Yanega wrote: > > > The subject says it all. I got an urgent question a few minutes ago as to > > whether it was true that silkworm feces, which is high in chlorophyll, was > > used as a whitening agent during cheese manufacturing. This seems a little > > too weird to be an urban myth, but I'd like to confirm it one way or the > > other. > > My understanding of cheese color is that most, if not all, cheese starts > out white, and then acquires color through aging or additives (i.e., > annatto [sp?] in a lot of mass-produced "cheddars"). > Annato, a red seed popular as both a flavoring agent (toasted) and color-additive (cheap substitute for saffron) in Caribbean, Mexican and Central American cookery, makes a fine choice for cheese-coloring ('cuz traditonal customers like orange "cheddar" and "merkin"). The "flavor" which adds to its use as a spice is mild/non-existent until after toasting, so I suspect the coloring task is carried out by untoasted versions. For folks who make "Spanish Rice" or the Mexican restaurant standard "sopa seca", among traditionalists annatto, not tomato juice/paste/sauce, is the coloring agent, and while high class "Yellow Rice" and "Paella" might be touched by saffron's angel thread (muy caro), most places rely on cheap annatto. It's "natural" and accepted by folks who would claim that the artificial stuff will give your offspring 6 digits and skewed/none at all perspectives. -- TMOliver, el pelon sinverguenza >From a small observatory overlooking McLennan Crossing - VESPER ADEST IUVENES CONSURGITE - Catullus From stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu Wed Mar 31 12:58:42 1999 From: stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu (Deborah Stevenson) Date: 31 Mar 1999 17:58:42 GMT Subject: Silkworm poop as cheese whitener? References: , , <370244FA.F26551F9@iamerica.net> Message-ID: <7dtnoi$ctu$1@vixen.cso.uiuc.edu> In <370244FA.F26551F9 at iamerica.net> TMOliver writes: >Annato, a red seed popular as both a flavoring agent (toasted) and >color-additive (cheap substitute for saffron) in Caribbean, Mexican and >Central American cookery, makes a fine choice for cheese-coloring ('cuz >traditonal customers like orange "cheddar" and "merkin"). >The "flavor" which adds to its use as a spice is mild/non-existent until >after toasting, so I suspect the coloring task is carried out by >untoasted versions. For folks who make "Spanish Rice" or the Mexican >restaurant standard "sopa seca", among traditionalists annatto, not >tomato juice/paste/sauce, is the coloring agent, and while high class >"Yellow Rice" and "Paella" might be touched by saffron's angel thread >(muy caro), most places rely on cheap annatto. Though I did once consume a fruit yogurt (I'm thinking it was a Yoplait relative) with an oddly inappropriate but recognizable flavor, and I finally realized I was tasting the annatto in with the peach or whatever. Cheerios apparently use turmeric for similar natural colorations with spices you otherwise wouldn't expect. Deborah Stevenson (stevenso at alexia.lis.uiuc.edu) From rboutin at sympatico.ca Wed Mar 31 13:47:05 1999 From: rboutin at sympatico.ca (RENE BOUTIN) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 13:47:05 -0500 Subject: Ironic indeed References: <003901be7aea$3e0c9320$c49ec9a5@JimM.wp.state.ks.us> <37016AAB.4D82@epix.net> Message-ID: <37026DA8.ACC61B0A@sympatico.ca> Rick Mikula wrote: > Perhaps my first message was a bit wordy. Once again, is the collected > > information from the 4th of July count actually doing any good? Is > there > any real scientific data being generated from these counts. I do not > feel > that it should be stopped, Gosh no, because it is creating awareness. > But > does the rest of the butterfly world have to revolve around a one day > count. > > Thank goodness I put on my asbestoes suit this morning before I hit > the old > send button. > > Rick Imagine how I feel -- Venez voir mon site ... Rene Boutin 33 St-Georges Chambly, Qc J3L 3J8 Tel : (514)658-5252 http://www3.sympatico.ca/rboutin/imago/accueil.htm From Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk Wed Mar 31 12:52:20 1999 From: Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk (Ian Thirlwell) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 19:52:20 +0200 Subject: Butterfly releases vs NABA counts References: <3700D94F.1D99@concentric.net>, <990331042519.ZM13710@Gochfeld>, Message-ID: <7dtqtg$duf$1@news4.svr.pol.co.uk> As a Brit I am puzzled as to why permits are issued for the release of such common species as monarchs. The TV programs we see here show us the zillions of these migrating in waves between Mexico & the USA & back (they also reach our shores in good years). I presume the other species are common too. As far as I am aware, here in the UK controlled releases would normally only be carried out in support of rare or endangered species, or to reintroduce a vanished species. It is not unknown of course for some breeders occasionally to release an exotic species, but I think the numbers are low and survival rates negligible. Ian Thirlwell Hampshire UK ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk Paul Cherubini wrote in message ... >Michael Gochfeld wrote: > >> If releases occur close to and shortly before a count they could well >> influence the count results significantly. If they occur far from a >> count (or after it), they probably won't. > >True. I will explain the actual situation in more detail below: > >I believe there are only 9 species the USDA will routinely write permits for environmental >release. These species have huge ranges (e.g. monarchs, painted ladies, mourning >cloaks, red admirals, buckeyes, gulf fritillaries, etc) in the USA. >...snip snip ... > From walter at rmi.net Wed Mar 31 12:44:25 1999 From: walter at rmi.net (Ryan Walters) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 10:44:25 -0700 Subject: Specimens, subspecies, and GPS References: <21389-36FBF946-5@newsd-172.iap.bryant.webtv.net>, <3701053A.F17F715E@rmi.net>, Message-ID: <37025EF9.2A6F0513@rmi.net> I have a Garmin also and in colorado it is very accurate to several meters. I e\recently traveled to texas and LA and had all soe\rts of trouble getting good altitude readings. Part of the troublr seems to be the lack of enough sattilite signal in certain regions. 10 miles easr of Shreveport was a problem. Also the instruments are dumbed down a bit. The military GPS are terribly accurate but they don't let civies have that kind of power. But like we all agree, it will grow as a technology. I would love a transponder to put into my one dog that gets happy feet. I don't know much about the altitude as use. I do collect the front range of Colorado where I can go fron 5000' to 14,000' if I am so inclined. Species change with the height. Plus it is only five letters on a lable. Michael Gochfeld wrote: > I think that the use of GPS will become much more widespread in the next few years. Who knows, we may all end up with implantable tracers so that Big Brother will know where everyone of us is at any time. You can even see why this might be a useful attachment to errant children. New GPS techniques allow location down to less than one meter, which is far more than anyone needs for butterfly studies or labels. > > However, I can't yet confirm that altitude is useful. At least at sea level my $275 Garmin is very poor at altitude. It knows the difference between 0 and 1000', but cannot match even a cheap altimeter. > > That may be a fault of my instrument or location or elevation. > M. Gochfeld From simonc at captain.ndirect.co.uk Wed Mar 31 14:32:43 1999 From: simonc at captain.ndirect.co.uk (Simon Coombes) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 20:32:43 +0100 Subject: Calendar Message-ID: <001501be7bad$44900380$a2e107c3@newpc> Hi I've added a calendar function to my webpages which displays the species that might be flying at the moment. It applies only to the UK and is not perfect, but I thought it might be a nice feature. Do have a look and tell me if it works or not! Simon Simon Coombes 1 Park Street Stoke Plymouth PL3 4BL UK Tel 01752 607854 Email: simonc at captain.ndirect.co.uk Web: Captain's European Butterfly guide http://www.captain.ndirect.co.uk Currently featuring 102 species. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: http://mailman.yale.edu/mailman/private/leps-l/attachments/19990331/f9bd9a09/attachment.html From walter at rmi.net Wed Mar 31 13:26:56 1999 From: walter at rmi.net (Ryan Walters) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 11:26:56 -0700 Subject: Bumbling amature Message-ID: <370268F0.5FE547C5@rmi.net> It continues to pain me to see this gulf that exists between those of us that are professionals in the field and those of us that are not. Some of us that are not professionals do have skills and resources to offer. We also need help sometime from experts. I want to understand and work with insects but will never do so professionally unless the pay would increase dramatically. I have respect for those that do choose poverty or near poverety, to pursue what they love. But realize that us non-professionals are your bread and butter. We give grants, support intsitutions, buy your books, and even collect some interesting stuff that becomes museum holdings. We even have been known to pick up the check after a day of collecting. Ever notice how disturbed waiters seem when you inspect the catch at the table? Sometimes it is good for us to listen to inexperience. There is a type of blinder that experience brings that inexperience does not have. I took my neighbor kid collecting last year and he found all these neat moths on a plant my experience taught me would have nothing interesting. I was wrong. I get real frustrated when curators do not answer or return my calls or seem interested in assisting me because I am not affiliated with any institution. I find this curious with the sad state of their finances recently. We can commidify truth but if we do someone will write a security on it and it will become a traded good. I don't currently fund any Lep people. I fund several orthorpterists, even though I do not have any perticular interest in the group, only because they are polite and respestful. I could go to a casino, they are nice plus I get free drinks, yet I feel strongly about helping entomologists. We all must feel this way to sit and sift through messages every day. I enjoy a good flaming probably more than anyone yet sometimes it touches on something darker below the surface. We amatuers are annoying I know. But we exist and need to be accomidated. Somethings just need to be accepted. I have to authorize a quaterly payment to the IRS today that I hate. I dont get a thank you and I know that the money will not be used responsibly, but I accept it. Just my two cents. "We're al in this together. I'm pullung for you. Keep your stick on the ice" Red Green From r.d.j.butcher at dundee.ac.uk Wed Mar 31 17:05:24 1999 From: r.d.j.butcher at dundee.ac.uk (Robert Butcher) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 22:05:24 GMT Subject: Bumbling amature In-Reply-To: <370268F0.5FE547C5@rmi.net> Message-ID: HI everyone, can we please end this futile "amateur" vs "professional" ranking and justification arguement since it aint valid and is only stiffling exchange between equally valid "groups" of people? Since when has any information or worthwhile (?? Hmm. ok i fell into that, how about scientifically correct, or observationally accurate) points of view been restricted to those within, or outwith "professionalism". Within academia, since when has the opinions of a pregraduate or even graduate student per se been inferior to those of a less enlightened post garduate, post doc or lecturer ( i always thougtht that the underpaid priveledge of academia was to watch, and nurse along those who were "brighte" and who would rapidly superseed yourself)? Since when has a "laypreson's" experience, which as illustrated frequently on this list, been invalid simply because they do not have some (probably irrelevant) degree or doctorate after their name? Basically people have experience and knowledge to pass on. Its up to us to choose to risk being educated by being willing to listen without prejudice, but judge the information only in context of its scientific (or cultural) merit, irrespective of the posters creeed, race or "academic origins". Alternatively, we can choose to remain ignorant and not listen or read. Thats life. But data and opinion (ones interepretation of data), the foundation of education, stand upon thier validity alone and (hey am i naive here or what) are not decided, or dissmissed by weird and false titles like "bumbling amateur" or "proffessional so its gotta be true", just like other things cannot be dissmissed by being "black", "Jewish", "communist" "non-professionalist" etc. Well i guess there is nothing new in the above, so perhaps i should go back to the pub, except please lets exchange info, opions etc without false dismissal or verification based only upon whether if one is perceived (by whom?) as "academic" or "amateur". My irrelevant, and uninvited, two cents worth Peace (to paraphrase one of the many posters on this list who enlightens us all, in my opinion, regardless of whether he is an academic or a keen amateur (i suspect both)) Rob (Ignorant, but keen to eventually learn through ALL you postings and not either just the "amateurs" or the "academics") Robert Butcher, Evolutionary and Ecological Entomology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Dundee University, Dundee, DD1 4HN, Tayside, Scotland, UK. Work Phone:- 01382-344291 (Office), 01382-344756 (Lab). Fax:- 01382-344864 e-mail:- r.d.j.butcher at dundee.ac.uk From ewilliam at hamilton.edu Wed Mar 31 16:58:02 1999 From: ewilliam at hamilton.edu (Ernest Williams) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:58:02 -0500 (EST) Subject: NABA 4JC In-Reply-To: <990331041202.ZM13710@Gochfeld> References: "Paulette Haywood" "Re: Ironic indeed" (Mar 30, 1:00pm) <19990330210007.1178.qmail@hotmail.com> Message-ID: I agree with everything that Michael Gochfeld says below. I'll just add (or emphasize) these points: 1. The volume of data overcomes some limitations in the quality of the data. A student of mine and I have done some analyses that support this point (in prep.), a point that has been supported for Christmas count bird data. 2. The counts provide observations that could not be collected in any other way and thus are *potentially* useful. 3. The count procedure is one of many possible designs that let one gather data from a single area for annual comparisons. I've conducted 2 such counts for a number of years, and I conduct them the same way each year, so the comparisons over time tell me things about the dynamics of the local lep communities. This is independent of comparisons to anyone else's count results. 4. *Important point* The butterfly count data are useful for answering a limited range of questions but not for many, many other questions. It all depends on what the questions are. Ernest Williams >The NABA 4th of July counts are patterned for better or worse on the >Audubons Society Christmas bird counts, hence the 15 mile diameter >circles. Those counts began about a hundred years ago. There is now a >substantial literature on the strengths and limitations of extracting >"scientific" information from those counts. With appropriate caveats >they have proven quite useful in a number of respects. There are also , > breeding bird census routes which were scientifically designed to >sample bird populations in a repeatable fashion, but these too have >their limitations. > >Ann Swengel has published a number of concise reports (back >cover of NABA's "American Butterflies") intepreting the 4JC data for >species such as the Monarch (readily identified by almost all >participants). I think one should assume that like any data there are >quality questions, but that the sheer mass of data, and the long term >trends they document, makes them worthwhile. Butterfly censusing is >more vulnerable to phenology and weather than bird censusing, but >attempts to make counts comparable from year to year, are being >encouraged. > >M. Gochfeld From hankb at theriver.com Wed Mar 31 18:16:52 1999 From: hankb at theriver.com (Hank & Priscilla Brodkin) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:16:52 -0700 Subject: Garden Canyon, Ft. Huachuca, Arizona Message-ID: <3702ACE4.DABE1B5@theriver.com> Due to the dry windy weather very few butterflies were seen today in Garden Canyon in spite of several blooming Ceonothus shrubs. Species seen: Great Purple Hairstreak (Atlides halesus) Brown Elfin (Callophrys augustinus) 'Siva' Juniper Hairstreak (C.gryneus siva) Arizona Hairstreak (Erora quaderna) Common Blue (Spring Azure) Celestrina argiolus) Zela Metalmark (Emisis zela) Mournful Duskywing (Erynnis tristis) Funereal Duskywing (E. funneralis) Morrison's Skipper (Stinga morrisoni) Also several of us were in Alamos, Sonora last week. Again it was very dry. Very few individuals were seen compared even to numbers seen last December. We will post a species list as soon as some photos that were taken of certain species are identified. Cheers! -- Hank Brodkin Carr Canyon, Cochise County, AZ 31.45N, 110.27W Send Mailto:hankb at theriver.com From timbukt2 at excite.com Wed Mar 31 18:42:50 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 15:42:50 PST Subject: bumbling amateurs Message-ID: <922923770.2402.342@excite.com> It is much easier to speak from within academia itself, whereby one has at least some priveledge via documentation. For an academic to speak of equality of the right to speak seems funny. Michel de Certeau has already written on the right to speak and I suggest it as part of a sane syllabus. The right to speak carries along with it, a scission: "We will let you go on national t.v., but you only have 15 minutes." This scission is by way of hierarchy and presupposition, whereby the credibility of the speaker is reinforced by a certificate of merit signed by the founding fathers(formulations that restore power to the signifier). This is the arborescent model (roots, off-shoots, branches) as opposed to the rhizome (a rhizome may be broken, shattered at any given spot, but it will start up again on one of its old lines, or on new lines). This is very different from the tree or root, which plots a point, fixes an order(The World Tree in mythology). The rhizome is perhaps a strange "mystification of science and a de-mystification of magic." A discourse all the more total for being fragmented, and free to form undocumented connections. It is not just another departure, it is a nomadic line of flight of thought, quite amateurish, happily proceeding with its empiricism. It makes maps, whereas the tree model is a logic of tracing and reproduction. The map has to do with performance, wheras the tracing always involves an alleged "competence." Thought itself is not arborescent, and the brain is not rooted or ramified matter. The brain is much more a grass than a tree. The leaps each message makes across the fissures in between neuronal axons makes the brain a multiplicity, a whole uncertain, probablistic system. Opposed to the "centered" systems is one in which communication can run from any neighbor to the other, and does not need to be overcoded, never has available a supplementary dimension over and above its own number of lines, in other words, over and above the multiplicity of numbers attached to those lines. This is a plane of consistency. Can this tracing be put back onto the map? Even if it can, it is damn sure not a symmetrical operation. It is a more asymmetrical synthesis of the sensible. This is what makes the tracing so dangerous: the imitator always creates the model, and attracts it. So, the tracing even placed back onto a map will only succeed in transforming a rhizome(the amateur, the empiricist) back into some organized form, even when it thinks it is reproducing something new. It is only reproducing itself. It injects redundancies and propagates them. More point of structuration, making the prison exist not just as an institution anymore, but making the prison everywhere. The prison is now everywhere. And maybe the weed leads the most satisfactory existence of all. No, this is whyacademia and the amateur cannot (and should not) integrate. This is why there will always be opposition to the arborescent prison model The rhizome is an antigenealogy. Rather than localisable linkages between points and positions, the rhizome operates by variation, expansion, conquest, capture, offshoots....a grass growing and greening from the middle. _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From tpotts at laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au Wed Mar 31 19:05:56 1999 From: tpotts at laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au (tpotts at laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1999 10:05:56 +1000 Subject: Investigation into a portable light trap Message-ID: <3702b864.3d76.0@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au> Dear members, I am an Antarctic researcher based in Sydney currently investigating Lepidoptera migration in the sub ANtarctic. I am investigating the construction of a portable light trap to carry on a Macquarie Island voyage to trap introduced species. ANy information or suggestions would be appreciated. Good luck in your pursuits. Tavis Potts Tavis William Potts Graduate School of the Environment Macquarie University 10 Alisa Close, Lakehaven, NSW, 2263, Australia email: tpotts at postgrad.mq.edu.au Ph: 0243 920547 http://www.ocs.mq.edu.au From timbukt2 at excite.com Wed Mar 31 19:22:28 1999 From: timbukt2 at excite.com (Charles Gavette) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 16:22:28 PST Subject: Monstrosity vs. cleaner butterfly wings Message-ID: <922926148.23544.662@excite.com> Prayer to whom or what? The thread of experimental geometry was cut while Archimedes 'meditated' in the sand....god is also a noise in the street. To this I oppose (at the very least) something like Paracelsus' Anti-trinity of Drives. It is an alchemy that makes one hell of a lot more sense than falling into line with something like chrisitanity, whose sanctions have degraded human thought since the first millenium onward. It was and is the alchemists who have answered the call. It also answers the physicists' conundrum of the three quarks: up, down, and strange. Mark, you came very close in the allusion to fruit-of-the-loom underwear. It comes dangerously close to the use of that favorite neolithic priestly invention , resentment. I thank the cosmos for 23 years of non-wedded heterosexual bliss, and at the same time, while not having gotten myself caught within the other trap of a homoerotic frenzy, I am quite capable of seeing how resentment works. More interestingly, with the fossil fuel model we have the vision of perversity gone subversive. If it is true that perversity is an event of surfaces (the massage, driving a car), then all of this scurrying across the surface of the planet was at the beginning, only children experimenting with new toys. But it turns itself into subeversion, when the toys become a necessity of life and begin to kill what it was supposed to support. Whacked. Fossil fuel has feminized the earth, made it softer, more accesible, to the point where we feel threatened to even let the thought of taking the bus cross our mind. But there's something nice about getting on the bus and knowing things that others don't. A psychic swamp, populated by the integration of machines that further feminize. Crouched like a frog, ego-tripping in my new shiny fossil-fuel burner, "I am sure that I can conquer this beast." See the cartoon in an early Mother Earth News: The girl is setting in traffic with her new low. sleek and racy car, while we see in the distance the city that she must get to to help make the paynments on it. The billboard along this road has an advertisement for the same car that she is driving, the caption reads..."Are You Man Enough?" This overcoding towards femininity, this slouch toward Gomorrah, is opposed to the masculine that husbands the earth, the intergration of anima/animus in both genders. Fossil-fuel consumption also has its negative masculine, its patriarchal side that creates deserts by thinking that it is subduing nature. And the sad fact is that it is succeeding, paradoxically by feminizing the masculine nature in man, killing creativity and the very environment that supports all of us. "America is feminized. It is a maniac without balls." (Henry Miller, Tropic of Cancer) _______________________________________________________ Get your free, private email at http://mail.excite.com/ From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Wed Mar 31 19:26:13 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 19:26:13 EST5EDT Subject: Bumbling amature Message-ID: Dear listers, Well, I wasn't really going to participate in this thread, but Ryan Walters' and then Charles Gavette's messages back-to-back just made my fingers move to the keyboard. There are numerous people in academia who welcome input from amateurs and are all to willing to help as much as time permits. Doug Yanega certainly represents an excellent example of what I am talking about, and I certainly enjoy talking with the inexperienced amateur as well as the (supposedly) learned professional. So you amateurs out there, even if you get the cold shoulder from some, don't stop asking. After all, we were *all amateurs* at one time, and the only way to become an academic is to learn more, presumably from other academics. Which is why Charles Gavette's post strikes me as being completely politically incorrect. Apparently he has forgotten that he was not a learned fellow when he emerged from the womb. Besides that, his message is so weirdly esoteric that, not only did I not agree with his message, I stopped reading it. Oooo, an supposed academic such as myself not reading something and then responding to it? How amateurish!!! James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From MatSmith1 at compuserve.com Wed Mar 31 19:31:51 1999 From: MatSmith1 at compuserve.com (Matthew Smith) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 19:31:51 -0500 Subject: Butterfly releases vs NABA counts Message-ID: <199903311932_MC2-7027-D7E@compuserve.com> Message text written by INTERNET:Ian at dunlinclose.freeserve.co.uk >As a Brit I am puzzled as to why permits are issued for the release of such common species as monarchs....(snip).... It is not unknown of course for some breeders occasionally to release an exotic species, but I think the numbers are low and survival rates negligibe< Is that low numbers of breeders, or low numbers of exotic species? :-). Unfortunately, it does happen, someone once showed me a live Actias selene they had found flying around a lampost in the local town, whether it had escaped or perhaps had been set free with the aim of allowing the larvae to devour the local rhododendrons I dont know . The UK Wildlife & Countryside act now makes it illegal to release (or allow to escape) non-native insects in the UK. Not that the local constabulary get too much training in wildlife identification these days, what with all the spending cuts. On the other hand, imagine the scenario "Excuse me sir, did you just drop that Papilio glaucus over there. I'll have to ask you to accompany me to the station". Matt From jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu Wed Mar 31 19:48:00 1999 From: jadams at Carpet.dalton.peachnet.edu (DR. JAMES ADAMS) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1999 19:48:00 EST5EDT Subject: Bumbling amature Message-ID: I wrote: > numerous people in academia who welcome input from amateurs and are > all to willing to help as much as time permits. and: >. . . Oooo, an supposed academic such > as myself not reading something and then responding to it? How > amateurish!!! Clearly I am a bumbling amateur with the English language when typing rapidly and not proofreading. Even though I can't spell "too" and use articles (like "an") incorrectly, I'm still willing to help other bumbling amateurs with their entomological questions. Hey, maybe that's why I teach biology and not English!! James Dr. James K. Adams Dept. of Natural Science and Math Dalton State College 213 N. College Drive Dalton, GA 30720 Phone: (706)272-4427; fax: (706)272-2533 U of Michigan's President James Angell's Secret of Success: "Grow antennae, not horns" From LadyJenna6 at usa.net Wed Mar 31 18:45:51 1999 From: LadyJenna6 at usa.net (Jenna Ogilvie) Date: 31 Mar 1999 23:45:51 GMT Subject: Monstrosity Message-ID: <01be7bd0$394e4f40$901401cf@MYPC.TDSNET.COM> I don't think that the highway system is at fault for destroying habitat, although I'm sure someone will disprove that. I think that the nature of a human is at fault. Think of everything we have that others don't. Here I sit typing at a computer which is NOT a necessity to my life. However, I won't do away with it. We all complain about how horrible things are, such as the situation in Kosovo, but no one ever does anything to stop it. No one wants to change their own life to help someone else. I think the world must have been truly beautiful and pure before man existed. We are the ones destroying habitat, not our creations. We should take the blame for what we do. Jenna reply to LadyJenna6 at usa.net From LadyJenna6 at usa.net Wed Mar 31 20:44:53 1999 From: LadyJenna6 at usa.net (Jenna Ogilvie) Date: 1 Apr 1999 01:44:53 GMT Subject: Monstrosity vs. cleaner butterfly wings References: <922926148.23544.662@excite.com> Message-ID: <01be7be0$d9f2a080$0a1401cf@MYPC.TDSNET.COM> > Fossil fuel has feminized the earth, made it softer, more > accesible, to the point where we feel threatened to even let the thought of > taking the bus cross our mind. > Fossil-fuel consumption also has its negative masculine, its patriarchal > side that creates deserts by thinking that it is subduing nature. And the > sad fact is that it is succeeding, paradoxically by feminizing the masculine > nature in man, killing creativity and the very environment that supports all > of us. > > "America is feminized. It is a maniac without balls." (Henry Miller, > Tropic of Cancer) In saying this, are you saying that only the masculine have creativity? This is simply not true, take the works of Sylvia Plath, Anne Sexton, Maya Angelou, Georgia O'Keefe. To be feminine is NOT a bad thing for a society to be. It means less cruelty, more sympathy, and a mothering instinct that will help to clean the earth, our environment, not kill it. You do have a few good points about the use of fossil fuels themselves leading to our destruction, but to say that they are feminizing is simply a poor choice of words, even if you do have a quote ready to match up with it, as you usually seem to.