Dire Threat Season
Gary.L.Cave at aphis.usda.gov
Gary.L.Cave at aphis.usda.gov
Tue Aug 28 07:36:46 EDT 2001
Ron, et al.:
In response to your question about West Nile Virus, here is the latest information that I have:
There have been 35 confirmed clinical cases of West Nile virus (WNV) infection detected in horses. The most recent States to report equine cases are
Georgia
(Brooks County [previously reported as Thomas County]) and Pennsylvania (Bucks County). The other 33 cases are in horses from eight counties in
northern
Florida: Clay (Middleburg, 1), Duval (Jacksonville, 1), Jefferson (Greenville, 2; Monticello, 13; unknown, 1), Leon (Tallahassee, 2),
Madison (Greenville, 3; Perry, 1), Nassau (Callahan, 1), Suwannee (Live Oak, 1), and Taylor (Greenville, 1; Perry, 4; Shady Grove, 2).
Twelve (34 percent) of the 35 horses died or were euthanatized.
There have been six confirmed human cases of WNV illness, including one fatality. A 71-year-old woman from Atlanta, Georgia, was the first person to
die from
WNV infection this year and the first human case ever in that State. Human illness has now been confirmed in three States this year: Florida,
Georgia, and
New York.
There have been 1,006 birds reported as positive for WNV in 15 States plus the District of Columbia. New Jersey has reported the most positive birds
(341).
Six States have reported WNV-positive birds for the first time ever: Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Michigan, and Ohio.
Six sentinel birds have been reported as WNV-positive. The most recent two were reported from Bay and Leon counties in Florida. The
antibody-positive Bay
County chicken was the first evidence of WNV detected in that county. The first evidence of WNV activity in Duval County, Florida, was also detected
in a
sentinel chicken earlier this summer.
A total of 243 mosquito pools have been reported as WNV positive from five States (Connecticut, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island).
New Jersey has reported the most positive pools (135). Overall, species found include Aedes vexans, Anopheles punctipennis, A. quadrimaculatus,
Coquillettidia perturbans, Culex pipiens, C..restuans, C. salinarius, Ochlerotatus canadensis, O. cantator and O. japonicus.
A total of 99 counties/parishes in 15 States and the District of Columbia have had confirmed findings of WNV in a mosquito, bird, horse, or human,
since
1 January 2001: Connecticut (3), District of Columbia, Florida (13), Georgia (17), Indiana (1), Louisiana (1), Maryland (6), Massachusetts (6),
Michigan (2),
New Hampshire (3), New Jersey (21), New York (13), Ohio (1), Pennsylvania (5), Rhode Island (4), and Virginia (3);
- 93 counties plus the District of Columbia have detected at least one positive bird;
- 61 counties in 10 States and the District of Columbia have reported two or more confirmed findings of WNV-positive birds: Connecticut
(Fairfield, Hartford,
Hew Haven); Florida (Jefferson, Leon, Madison, Taylor, Wakulla, Washington); Georgia (Berrien, Brantley, Brooks, Charlton, Clinch, DeKalb,
Echols,
Fulton, Lanier, Lowndes, Pierce, Ware); Maryland (Baltimore City, Baltimore, Howard, Montgomery); Massachusetts (Bristol, Essex, Middlesex,
Norfolk,
Plymouth); New Hampshire (Rockingham); New Jersey (Bergen, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Essex, Gloucester, Hudson, Mercer, Middlesex,
Monmouth, Morris, Passaic, Salem, Somerset, Union); New York (Bronx, Kings, Nassau, New York, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk,
Westchester); Pennsylvania (Bucks, Delaware, Montgomery, Philadelphia City), and Rhode Island (Kent, Washington);
- 28 counties in 5 States have had at least one wild bird and at least one mosquito pool reported as positive: Connecticut (Fairfield, New Haven);
Maryland
(Baltimore City, Baltimore, Howard); New Jersey (Atlantic, Bergen, Burlington, Camden, Cape May, Hudson, Mercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris,
Passaic, Salem, Somerset, Union); New York (Bronx, Nassau, New York, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk), and Rhode Island (Newport,
Providence).
Summary of WNV-Positive Findings (1 January through 22 August, 2001)
Equine Cases of Clinical WNV Infection (n=35):
Florida (8 counties, 33 equine): Clay County (1 premises, 1 horse), Duval County (1 premises, 1 horse), Jefferson County (15 premises, 16
horses),
Leon County (2 premises, 2 horses), Madison County (4 premises, 4 horses), Nassau County (1 premises, 1 horse), Suwannee County (1 premises, 1
horse),
Taylor County (7 premises, 7 horses)
Georgia (1 county, 1 equine): Brooks County (1 premises, 1 horse)
Pennsylvania (1 county, 1 equine): Bucks County (1 premises, 1 horse)
Human Cases of Clinical WNV Infection (n=6):
Florida (2 counties, 3 persons): Jefferson County (1 man), Madison County (1 man, 1 woman)
Georgia (1 county, 1 person): Fulton County (1 woman)
New York (2 counties, 2 persons): Queens County * (1 man), Richmond County * (1 woman)
WNV-Positive Birds (n=1,006):
Connecticut (3 counties, 27 birds): Fairfield County (1 blue jay, 14 crows), Hartford County (3 crows), New Haven County (9 crows)
District of Columbia (29 crows)
Florida (10 counties, 38 birds): Franklin County (1 unknown**), Hamilton County (1 unknown**), Jefferson County (1 blue jay, 8 crows, 1 other),
Leon County (3 crows, 2 other, 2 unknown**), Madison County (2 blue jays, 5 crows), Okaloosa County (1 blue jay), Suwannee County (1 blue jay),
Taylor County (1 blue jay, 1 crow, 1 unknown**), Wakulla County (2 crows), Washington County (1 crow, 1 unknown**), unknown ** (3 unknown**)
Georgia (17 counties, 47 birds): Atkinson County (1 crow), Berrien County (1 blue jay, 2 crows), Brantley County (2 crows), Brooks County (1 blue
jay, 2 crows),
Charlton County (2 crows), Clinch County (3 crows, 1 other), DeKalb County (1 blue jay, 1 crow, 1 other), Dougherty County (1 other), Echols
County (2 crows),
Fulton County (2 blue jays, 1 crow, 1 other), Houston County (1 blue jay), Lanier County (3 crows), Lowndes County (8 crows), Pierce County (2
crows),
Stephens County (1 other), Thomas County (1 crow), Ware County (2 blue jays, 4 crows)
Indiana (1 county, 1 bird): Marion County (1 crow)
Louisiana (1 parish, 1 bird): Jefferson Parish (1 blue jay)
Maryland (6 counties, 178 birds): Baltimore City (1 blue jay, 117 crows, 6 unknown**), Baltimore County (2 blue jays, 39 crows, 6 unknown**),
Carroll County (1 crow),
Howard County (2 crows), Montgomery County (3 crows), Prince George's County (1 crow)
Massachusetts (6 counties, 142 birds): Bristol County (5 unknown**), Essex County (1 crow, 19 unknown**), Middlesex County (51 unknown**),
Norfolk County (3 unknown**), Plymouth County (62 unknown**), Worcester County (1 unknown**)
Michigan (2 counties, 2 birds): Macomb County (1 crow), Oakland County (1 crow)
New Hampshire (3 counties, 4 birds): Hillsborough County (1 blue jay), Rockingham County (1 blue jay, 1 crow), Strafford County (1 crow)
New Jersey (18 counties, 341 birds): Atlantic County (1 crow), Bergen County (22 crows), Burlington County (47 crows), Camden County (65 crows),
Cape May County (4 crows), Cumberland County (1 crow), Essex County (7 crows), Gloucester County (7 crows), Hudson County (4 crows), Mercer
County (5 crows),
Middlesex County (70 crows), Monmouth County (46 crows), Morris County (9 crows), Ocean County (1 crow), Passaic County (9 crows), Salem County
(3 crows),
Somerset County (10 crows), Union County (30 crows)
New York (13 counties, 165 birds): Bronx County * (2 crows), Broome County (1 unknown**), Cattaraugus County (1 crow), Chemung County (1
unknown**),
Kings County * (2 crows, 1 other), Nassau County (6 crows, 5 unknown**), New York County * (2 crows, 1 other), Queens County * (4 crows, 1
other, 1 unknown**),
Richmond County * (1 blue jay, 6 crows, 1 other, 1 unknown**), Rockland County (1 crow, 3 unknown**), Suffolk County (1 blue jay, 111 crows, 8
unknown**),
Ulster County (1 unknown**), Westchester County (1 crow, 2 unknown**)
Ohio (1 county, 1 bird): Lake County (1 crow)
Pennsylvania (5 counties, 16 birds): Bucks County (2 crows), Chester County (1 other), Delaware County (2 crows), Montgomery County (2 crows),
Philadelphia City (9 crows)
Rhode Island (4 counties, 8 birds): Kent County (1 blue jay, 3 crows), Newport County (1 crow), Providence County (1 blue jay), Washington County
(2 crows)
Virginia (3 counties, 3 birds): Alexandria City (1 crow), Arlington County (1 crow), Suffolk City (1 crow)
WNV-Positive Mosquito Pools (n=243):
Connecticut (2 counties, 7 pools): Fairfield County (4 Culexpipiens, 1 Ochlerotatus canadensis), New Haven County (1 Culex restuans, 1 Culex
salinarius)
Maryland (3 counties, 8 pools): Baltimore City (1 Aedes vexans, 1 Culex spp., 1 Culex pipiens, 1 Culex salinarius, 2 unknown**), Baltimore County
(1 Culex pipiens),
Howard County (1 unknown**)
New Jersey (17 counties, 135 pools): Atlantic County (5 unknown**), Bergen County (9 unknown**), Burlington County (8 unknown**), Camden County
(24 unknown**),
Cape May County (2 unknown**), Hudson County (2 unknown**), Hunterdon County (2 unknown**), Mercer County (1 unknown**), Middlesex County (6
unknown**),
Monmouth County (3 Culex pipiens, 29 unknown**), Morris County (1 Aedes spp., 1 Ochlerotatus japonicus, 1 Ochlerotatus spp., 6 unknown**),
Passaic County (13 unknown**), Salem County (2 unknown**), Somerset County (4 unknown**), Sussex County (4 unknown**), Union County (9
unknown**),
Warren County (3 unknown**)
New York (7 counties, 83 pools): Bronx County * (2 Culex spp., 1 Culex pipiens), Nassau County (5 Culex spp., 1 unknown**),
New York County * (5 Culex pipiens, 1 Culex restuans), Queens County * (1 Culex pipiens),
Richmond County * (1 Anopheles quadrimaculatus, 13 Culex spp., 16 Culex pipiens, 4 Culex restuans, 1 Culex salinarius), Rockland County (2
Culex spp.),
Suffolk County (24 Culex spp., 5 Culex pipiens, 1 unknown**)
Rhode Island (2 counties, 10 pools): Newport County (1 Aedes vexans, 2 Anopheles quadrimaculatus, 1 Culex spp., 2 Ochlerotatus canadensis),
Providence County (1 Anopheles punctipennis, 2 Coquillettidia perturbans, 1 Ochlerotatus cantator)
WNV-Positive Sentinel Birds (n=6):
Florida (3 counties, 3 birds): Bay County (1 chicken), Duval County (1 chicken), Leon County (1 chicken)
New Jersey (1 county, 3 birds): Monmouth County (3 chickens)
* Part of New York City
** Unknown = not yet reported to county level
Gary L. Cave, Ph.D.
Entomologist
United States Department of Agriculture
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Plant Protection and Quarantine
Center for Plant Health Science and Technology
Plant Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Laboratory
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