References for - What does it mean that target species don't get wiped out

[Cris Guppy & Aud Fischer]

References that demonstrate that rare species are wiped out, and that there
is long-term abundance reductions, are:
Miller, J. C. 1990. Field assessment of the effects of a microbial pest
control agent on nontarget Lepidoptera. Am. Entomol. 36: 135-139.
Miller, J. C. 1992. Effects of microbial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis
kurstaki, on nontarget Lepidoptera in a spruce budworm-infested forest. J.
Res. Lepid. 29: 267-276.
A reference that demonstrates that Btk does not decay for over 30 days (as
opposed to the week claimed by Bt advocates), with Btk sprayed
leaves resulting in 100% mortality of swallowtail larvae that start feeding
on them 30 days post-spray :
Scriber, J. M. and S. H. Gage. 1995. Chapter 28. Pollution and global
climate change: Plant ecotones, butterfly hybrid zones and changes in
biodiversity. In Scriber et al (eds.) Swallowtail butterflies: Their ecology
and evolutionary biology. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville. 459 pp.
There are VERY few publications that examine the effects of Btk on
non-target Lepidoptera. This is apparently because the Bt industry has no
interest in such studies (of course), and governments have bought into the
industry propoganda that Btk is "environmentally friendly".

-----Original Message-----
From: Paul Cherubini <paulcher at CONCENTRIC.NET>
To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu <leps-l at lists.yale.edu>
Date: May 28, 1999 1:36 PM
Subject: Re: What does it mean that target species don't get wiped out


>Pat Foley wrote:
>
>> The risk to some non-target species of Bt may be substantial, well worth
>> investigating.
>
>That is why I ask everyone this question: After decades of Bt use in
>forests and cropland, have there been any cases (published in Journals)
>of non-target lep populations being wiped out or seriously impacted for
>a long time period following the spraying?
>
>> (there are thousands of
>> vulnerable lepidopteran species within range of corn and other engineered
>> plants, not just the Monarch).
>
>Ditto in the case of spraying forests for gypsy moths. There has thus
>been ample time over the past decades to document the devastating long
>term impacts of Bt use in forests (if there have been any such cases) on
>non-target leps. So again, have there been any cases (published in
>Journals) of non-target lep populations being wiped out or seriously
>impacted for a long time period following the spraying?
>
>PS. I drive a '89 Toyota Corolla with 214,000 miles and a '92 Toyota
>pickup with 347,000 miles. About half those miles were butterfly
>expedition miles of the type Mark Walker does all the time, except my
>interests have been focused on monarchs.
>
>Paul Cherubini, Placerville, California
>
>