Ochlodes venatus and "faunus"

[warrena at bcc.orst.edu]

Regarding Ochlodes venatus and "faunus":

The most recent review of the genus Ochlodes is also 
the only one to illustrate all species from all 
continents:

Hideyuki Chiba & Hiroshi Tsukiyama.  1996.  
"A review of the genus Ochlodes Scudder, 1872, with 
special reference to the Eurasian species (Lepidoptera: 
Hesperiidae)."  Butterflies.  No. 14:3-16 [This is the 
color journal published by The Butterfly Society of 
Japan].

This paper gives a synonymic list for the genus.  The 
parts of interest to this discussion are as follows:

Ochlodes venata (Bremer & Gray, 1853)Hesperia
  a. ssp. venata (Bremer & Gray, 1853)
     = Pamphila selas Mabille, 1878
     = Pamphila herculea Butler, 1881
     = Ochlodes tochrana Heyne, 1895
     = Augiades sylvanus form amurensis Mabille, 1906
     = Augiades chosensis Matsumura, 1929
  b. ssp. majuscula (Elwes & Edwards, 1897)

Ochlodes hyrcana (Cristolph, 1893) Hesperia
  a. ssp. faunus (Turati, 1905)Augiades
       Papilio sylvanus Esper, 1775 (Homonym)
     = Papilio melicerta Borkhausen, 1788
     = Ochlodes alexandra Hemming, 1934
     = Ochlodes esperiverity Hemming, 1934
  b. ssp. hyrcana (Cristolph, 1893) Hesperia

There is a long discussion supporting these synonymies, 
but it is in Japanese and I can't summarize it for 
you.  The description of a new species, Ochlodes 
hasegawai, however, is in English.  

There are a lot of other great papers that come out in 
this journal so check it out whenever you get a 
chance.  

Andy Warren



Quoting "Kondla, Norbert FOR:EX" 
<Norbert.Kondla at gems3.gov.bc.ca>:

> Hello Zdravko. Thank you for a most informative
> posting. I do not have my
> copy of the Code handy but about your comments
> on the Ochlodes issue I
> wonder if sylvanus is a primary or secondary
> homonym. If it is a primary
> homonym then my recollection is that it would be
> permanently invalid under
> the rules and could not be used in the future in
> a different genus as is
> allowed for secondary homonyms. Also I agree
> that Oleg Kosterin does indeed
> have an excellent website with much useful
> information in addition to the
> photographs. People who are interested in
> English translations of a number
> of original descriptions will find them at that
> website
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: kolev at mappi.helsinki.fi
> [mailto:kolev at mappi.helsinki.fi]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 13, 2001 3:06 PM
> To: leps-l at lists.yale.edu
> Subject: Re: tyche in North America ?
> 
> 
> A very interesting discussion... Here in Europe
> (apart from Finland,
> which fortunately is more aware of Russian
> research on Leps than other
> countries on the Old Continent) tradition still
> prevails: the new
> "bible" on [western-] European butterflies
> (Tolman & Lewington 1997:
> Collins Field Guide to Butterflies of Britain
> and Europe) still
> mentions Colias nastes werdandi for Lapland...
> 
> Another similar example of European confusion
> includes "Ochlodes
> venatus faunus", as Europeans refer to this
> common Hesperiid. More
> than 6-7 years ago Russians have long since
> firmly established that
> Ochlodes venatus is a Far-Eastern sp. which
> occurs together with the
> morphologically clearly different "faunus":
> furthermore, European and
> Far-Eastern "faunus" are remarkably similar but
> always clearly
> different from venatus (abundant material
> examined in coll. Zoological
> Museum, University of Helsinki). I write
> "faunus" because there are
> several older names for the Eurasian species, of
> which the oldest,
> sylvanus Esper, is a homonym but has been
> resurrected by some Russian
> authors (Tuzov et al. 1997: Guide to the
> Butterflies of Russia and
> adjacent
> territories. Pensoft, Sofia - Moscow. Part 1.).
> Let us see how many
> decades it takes for mainstream European
> lepidopterology to catch up
> with this situation...
> 
> Regarding the nastes-tyche problem, I am not
> very familiar with its
> finer points but here is the latest opinion of
> Russian experts:
> 
> ---begin quote---
> 
> 100. Colias tyche Bober, 1812. (= melinos
> Eversmann, 1847)
> TYPE LOCALITY: Pribaikalye.
> RANGE: The polar regions of Eurasia and Alaska,
> the mountains of the
> temperate Asia.
> HABITAT: meadow and steppe patches on southern
> slopes, river terraces,
> in the extreme northern regions (the Yamal
> Peninsula) - river terrace
> meadows, tundrous slopes with willow thickets;
> in the Upper Priamurye
> - raised bogs with larch, open oak woods on dry
> slopes (Sviridov,
> 1981a), in the mountains - forb subalpine
> meadows, dwarf birch
> thickets up to 2400 m above sea level (Central
> Altai).
> FLIGHT PERIOD: depending on locality, from late
> May (Zabaikalye) to
> August (the Taymyr Peninsula).
> PREIMAGINAL PHASES: studied in Scandinavia
> (Henriksen, Kreutzer,
> 1983). Foodplants: Astragalus alpinus and
> Vaccinium are known from
> Scandinavia, Oxytropis nigrescens is reported
> from Taymyr (Korshunov
> et al., 1985), Caragana sp. - from Altai (V.
> Barkhatov). Eggs:
> pale-yellow, ribbed, barrel-shaped, laid singly
> on the stems and
> leaves of the foodplant. Larva: green with two
> yellow lengthwise
> stripes on the back and a red line beneath them
> and a white spiracular
> line on either side; the body is covered with
> sparse hairs up to 0.8
> mm long. It hibernates, sometimes repeatedly.
> Pupa: green,
> yellowish-green, or straw- coloured, with a
> slightly darker back.
> PECULIAR TRAITS OF IMAGO: F.w.l.: 18-28 mm. The
> wing upperside is
> whitish, with yellowish or greenish tint; on the
> fore wing the outer
> border is pale and contains a row of large light
> spots, they often
> fuse to split the border into two parallel ones.
> Similar species: C.
> nastes.
> GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION: is mostly masked by an
> individual variation.
> The subspecies werdandi Setterschtadt, 1840,
> occupying the extreme
> North of Europe, Polar Ural and North Siberia to
> the Taymyr Peninsula,
> further eastwards, to the Magadan Region, ssp.
> herzi Staudinger, 1901
> ranges. Besides, two taxa were described from
> this area: zemblida
> Verity, 1911 from the Novaya Zemlya Isles and,
> by one male from the
> Okhota River, relicta Kurenzov, 1970. (According
> to the opinion of J.
> Troubridge, it is identical to the Canadian
> thula Hovanitz, 1915,
> which is considered to be a colour morph of
> Colias boothii Curtis,
> 1875 which, in turn, is considered by some
> authors as a hybrid between
> C. hecla and C. nastes). The subspecies tyche (=
> melinos Eversmann,
> 1847) ranges in Pribaikalye and the East Sayan,
> it differs from more
> northern butterflies by in general lighter
> ground colour of the wing
> upperside. The taxa montana Verity, 1911 (Altai
> Mts.), vitimensis
> Austaut, 1899 (the Stanovoe Nagorye upland);
> deckerti Verity, 1909
> (Zabaikalye); chryseis Verity, 1911 (the Upper
> Priamurye) are very
> close to tyche.
> 
> 101. Colias nastes Boisduval, 1832.
> TYPE LOCALITY: the Labrador Peninsula.
> RANGE: The north of East Siberia, of the Far
> East (including
> Kamchatka), and of North America. A local
> species.
> HABITAT: shingle banks, steppefied south-exposed
> bank slopes,
> alpinotype meadows and montane tundras.
> FLIGHT PERIOD: July/middle August.
> PREIMAGINAL PHASES: studied in North America
> (Scott, 1986).
> Foodplants: Astragalus, Oxytropis, Hedysarum,
> and also Salix arctica.
> A biennial species. Larva: dark-green with small
> black dots, two
> yellowish streaks along the back and a white
> line on either side;
> hibernates twice, in early and the last
> instars.
> PECULIAR TRAITS OF IMAGO: F.w.l.: 18-26 mm. The
> wing upperside is more
> strongly suffused with dark and greenish scales
> than in C. tyche, the
> light spots on the border are smaller and do not
> fuse to the ground
> colour. The fore wing underside is ash-grey, the
> hind wing underside
> is yellowish-green, with a silvery discal spot
> ringed with pink or
> reddish rim.
> GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION: In the Suntar-Khayata
> mountain range and the
> basins of Yana and Indigirka Rivers the
> subspecies jacutica Kurenzov,
> 1970 (= jacuttica Ferris, 1985; = jacuticola
> Weiss et Mracek, 1989) is
> distributed, which is characterized by a
> smoky-brown wing upperside
> with a wide border with contrasted white spots
> on both fore and hind
> wings; from Chukotka and the Kolyma basin the
> subspecies sibirica
> Kurenzov, 1970, has been described, the name of
> which was preoccupied
> by Colias aurora sibirica Lederer, 1853, so,
> this name was replaced by
> us with the name dezhnevi Korshunov, 1995
> (etymology: Semen Dezhnev -
> a Russian kazak who first sailed round the
> Chukotka Peninsula). In
> this subspecies the wing upperside is
> pale-yellowish-green in males
> and pale-yellow in females, on the fore wing the
> outer border is split
> by a row of large light spots into two parallel
> fragments.
> 
> ---end quote---
> 
> The above quotation is from the English
> translation of the book [The
> Butterflies (Rhopalocera) of the Asian part of
> Russia] by Korshunov &
> Gorbunov
> (1995, 202 pp.). The author of the translation
> is O. Kosterin and the
> full text (with corrections and additions),
> which I highly recommend
> to anyone with an interest in this kind of
> problems or just in
> Palearctic butterflies, can be found at:
> 
> 
http://genome6.cpmc.columbia.edu/~kosterin/korgor/index.
htm
> 
> Hope it can add some clarity to the nastes-tyche
> problem. Apart from
> this, O. Kosterin's site is full of
> mouth-watering live photos of
> Siberian butterflies, many of which few have
> seen, let alone
> photographed. Bot apetit!
> 
> Zdravko Kolev
> 
>  
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------
------
> 
> 
>    For subscription and related information
> about LEPS-L visit:
> 
>    http://www.peabody.yale.edu/other/lepsl 
>  
> 
>  
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------
------
> 
> 
>    For subscription and related information
> about LEPS-L visit:
> 
>    http://www.peabody.yale.edu/other/lepsl 
>  
> 

 
 ------------------------------------------------------------ 

   For subscription and related information about LEPS-L visit:

   http://www.peabody.yale.edu/other/lepsl